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EC number: 439-590-3 | CAS number: 12158-75-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from March 12, 2001 to April 03, 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study (OECD)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 001
- Report date:
- 2001
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 439-590-3
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 12158-75-7
- Molecular formula:
- Cu2H3NO6
- IUPAC Name:
- copper(2+) hydroxide nitrate
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- batch n°: 060248
composition of the test material: Cu=52.6% - N=5.4% - H=1.5% - O=36.8%
solubility in water: practically insoluble
expiration date of the batch: February 2002
storage conditions of test substance: ambient temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- hygiene: optimal hygienic conditions
room temperature: average of 20.3°C (continuous control and recording)
relative humidity: average of 51.6% (continuous control and recording)
air exchange: 12 per hour
light: artificial light from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.
cages: individual caging in metal wire cages, type KK016R, with a wooden rest shelf
feed: Altromin 2023 diet for rabbits, ad libitum (producer: Altromin GmbH, D-32761 Lage) ; random samples of the feed are analysed for contaminants by Altromin ; Hay-briquettes (supplied by SSNIFF, D-59494 Soest) were offered additionally as a dietary supplement
water: tap water from an automatic watering system, ad libitum
identification: labelling with felt-tipped pen in a pinna
acclimatisation: 5 days
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 74 mg - approximated equivalent of 0.1 mL
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours p.a.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 1 female
- Details on study design:
- Additional eye examinations were performed 6, 8 10, 13 15 & 21 days after the instillation.
A further examination by instillation of a fluorescein solution (Minims Fluorescein Sodium 2%) onto the cornea was performed 48 hours p.a.
The whole eye, especially the cornea, the iris and the conjunctivae were examined, using a otoscope lamp.
In addition to the eye examinations, the animals were observed for other than local changes at all observation times too.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean (24-72h)
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: irreversible corneal alterations
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean (24-72h)
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean (24-72h)
- Score:
- 2.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean (24-72h)
- Score:
- 2.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Other effects:
- No other than ocular alterations were noted.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Cornea: Irreversible corneal alterations with scores of "2" were observed from 24 h to 72 h p.a. ; 6 d p.a. the score increased to "3". The affected area was one half to the whole cornea. Additionally a corneal neovascularisation, arising from the sclera was seen from 8 d to 21 d p.a. 75% of the cornea were homogeneously stained after an additional examintaion by instillation of fluorescein. This indicates a damage of the anterior corneal epithelium.
Iris: A sluggish reaction to the light (score "1") was noted from 24 h p.a. until 72 h p.a. From 6 d until 8 d p.a. no examinations were possible due to the corneal alterations. From 10 d until 21 d.p.a., the iris was normal.
Conjunctivae, redness: The animal was affected with scores ranging from "3" to "1", from 1 h p.a. onwards until a maximum of 10 d p.a.
Conjunctivae, chemosis: Swelling was noted from 1 h onwards until a maximum of 72 h p.a., starting with scores of "4" and afterwards decreasing.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: risk of serious damage to eyes.
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test substance Copper Hydroxide Nitrate causes irreversible ocular lesions.
According to these results and to the EU CLP Regulation (n° 2008/1272), the test substance Copper Hydroxide Nitrate poses a "risk of serious damage to eyes".
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