Phenol, mono- + distyrenated (MSP+DSP)

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given; guideline study (OECD TG 202); test was performed by a laboratory with a high reputation for delivery of solid data.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Phenol, styrenated; Mono (or di or tri)-(alpha-methylbenzyl) phenol
- no further information

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- no data reported

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- no further information

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- graduate doses of test substance were applied. Individual concentrations are not reported.

Details on test conditions:

- no data reported

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

4.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Results are reported without any detail in databases (CHRIP/J-CHECK) of the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE) of Japan.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

In a test according to OECD TG 202, the 48h EC50 of phenol, styrenated to daphnia was determined to be 4.6 mg/L.

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity of phenol, styrenated to aquatic invertebrates was tested in two studies according to OECD TG 202. Results (48h EC50) obtained fall into the same range below 5 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

4.6 mg/L

Additional information

For the substances phenol, styrenated and phenol, mono- & distyrenated, two acute daphnia immobilisation tests have been identified. One is a GLP conform study according to OECD TG 202 using Novares LS 500 as test substance (Heyner/BiLaCon 2000). Reliability is 2, as documentation is somewhat limited. A definite LD50 value was not reported. Therefore, the study is used as weight of evidence.

The second test was carried out for the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation/Ministry of the Environment of Japan and is reported in the Japanese databases CHRIP/J-CHECK (CHRIP/NITE 1997). The study was performed according to OECD TG 202, but reporting is very limited. Details on test performance and results are not available from the database, but a definite LD50 of 4.6 mg/L is reported. The substance tested was phenol, styrenated (CAS 61788-44-1). Composition of the test substance is not reported, but from the substance name under the Chemical Substance Control Law (mono- (or di- or tri-)-(alpha-methylbenzyl)phenol), it can be concluded that the test substance is a mixture of mono-, di-, and tristyrenated phenol. Similarity with Novares LS 500 is considered to be adequate to use data from this test as weight of evidence for characterisation of the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of phenol, mono- & distyrenated (Novares LS 500).

 

Heyner/BiLaCon 2000

Due to the limited solubility and multiconstituent composition of the test substance, the test was performed using water accommodated fractions. A 48h EL50 of >1 - <10 mg/L was determined (nominal loading).

Stability of the test substance was demonstrated by analytical measurements at day one and after 7 days. Dissolved concentrations of the test substance for different loadings were analysed as TOC in duplicate measurements. Loadings and measured concentrations are displayed in the following table.

Conversion to test substance concentrations was performed by applying a conversion factor of 1.163 resulting from the mean carbon content of the test substance (86.018 %) determined by carbon content and percentage of the individual components of phenol, mono- & distyrenated.

 

Loadings (mg substance/L)	1	10	100
measured concentrations (mg TOC/L)	0.5	4.5	40
Substance concentrations (mg/L)	0.58	5.23	46.52

 

As is evident from the table, the 48h EC50 is in the range between >0.58 and <5.23 mg/L

 

CHRIP/NITE 1997

In this acute daphnia immobilisation test, EC50 (immobilisation) was determined.

48h EC50:        4.6 mg/L

 

The value of the NITE study is selected for further consideration.

 

As supporting evidence, read across from the substance LA 300 and LA 700 (phenol, methylstyrenated) was used. Transformation of loadings to measured concentration result in 48h EC50 values of about 1 mg/L which is in the same order of magnitude as for phenol, mono- & distyrenated.