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EC number: 443-870-0 | CAS number: 163520-33-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 14 Jan - 12 Feb 1999
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- BBA Part VI, 1-1
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1990 (2nd edition)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- AMENDMENT OF SOIL
- Type of organic substrate: D(+)-Glucose (monohydrate) for biochemistry and microbiology from MERCK, Darmstadt, Germany
APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE TO SOIL
- Method: test substance dissolved in acetone was mixed with quartz sand, the sand mixture was added to soil
VEHICLE:
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: no data - Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2 °C
- Moisture:
- Max. water holding capacity adjusted to 45%
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Hoechst Schering AgrEvo GmbH, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ecobiology, Frankfurt, Germany
- Test container (type, material, size): 2L container Nova Crominal, stainless steel, diameter 16 cm, height 10 cm
- Amount of soil: 800 g divided into 3 replicates of 260 g soil each
- No. of replicates per concentration: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 3
SOIL INCUBATION
- Method: series of individual subsamples (one subsample 260 g dw)
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographical reference of sampling site (latitude, longitude): (1) loamy sand: South gate, 60529 Frankfurt, Germany; (2) clay silt: Nassgewann, 65795 Hattersheim, Germany
- History of site
- Vegetation cover: (1) 1996 straw departed, 1997 summer wheat/fallow, 1998 fallow. (2) 1996 summer barley, 1997 bush bean/winter wheat, 1998 winter wheat
- Treatments with pesticides or fertilizers: not treated with crop protection agents for > 2 years
- Depth of sampling: 0 -20 cm
- Soil texture of (1) according to DIN 4220
- % sand: 51.1
- % silt: 37.6
- % clay: 11.3
- Soil texture of (2) according to DIN 4220
- % sand: 10.2
- % silt: 70.7
- % clay: 19.2
- Soil taxonomic classification: Sample (1): loamy sand (Mittel lehmiger Sand), sample (2) clay silt (Stark toniger Schluff)
- Soil classification system: DIN 4220
- pH (in water): (1) 6.0, (2) 7.0
- Initial nitrate concentration for nitrogen transformation test (mg nitrate/kg dry weight): (1) 4.1, (2) 6.2
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): (1) 37.3, (2) 43.9
- Pretreatment of soil: Coarse plant remains were removed from the soil. The soils were air dried until sieving was possible.
- Storage (condition, duration): at ca. 6° C, from 16 Dec 1998 to 12 Jan 1999
- Initial microbial biomass as mg/100 g soil: (1) 17.5 , (2) 31.5
DETAILS OF PREINCUBATION OF SOIL (if any): 48 hours prior to experiment start portions of soil, sufficient to carry out this study, were transferred to an air-conditioned room at 20 ± 2 °C.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): The respiration rates (O2 consumption) of the soils were determined on day 0, 14, and 28. A 50 g (dry weight equivalent) sample was removed at each time point and oxygen consumption recorded.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no data - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 125.3 µg/kg soil (equivalent to 94.0 g/ha) and 800 µg/kg (equivalent to 600.0 g/ha)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 2-Tert.-Butyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol (Dinoterb)
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.8 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: =600 g/ha; no adverse effects on soil respiration observed, < 15%
- Details on results:
- The test substance when applied at 0.1253 mg/kg soil (94.0 g/ha) or 0.8 mg/kg soil (600.0 g/ha), had a negligible effect on short-term respiration in the loamy sand and clay silt 28 days after treatment. Highest oxygen consumption deviated from the control was -7.7% at the field rate 94.0 g/ha in the loamy sand at day 28. The highest deviation in the clay silt was +5.1 at day 0. All deviations measured were not statistically significant from the control at a significance level of α = 0.05 and can be classified as negligible (Domsch et al., 1983, Residue Reviews 86: 65-105).
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- In both soils, the soil microflora was of acceptable sensitivity to the reference substance:
Application of the reference substance dinoterb at a rate of 40 mg/kg to loamy sand resulted in a strong decrease (-30.8%) of the oxygen consumption at day 0. At day 14 and day 28 the oxygen consumption had strongly increased to +32.6% and +23.1% respectively.
Application of the reference substance dinoterb at a rate of 40 mg/kg to clay silt resulted a decrease of oxygen consumption at day 0 (-19.4%), while an increase was observed at day 14 (+13.7%). Measurements at day 28 revealed again a decrease in oxygen consumption (-17.2%). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 21 Jan - 18 Feb 1999
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- BBA Part VI, 1-1
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1990 (2nd edition)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- AMENDMENT OF SOIL
- Type of organic substrate: 10 mg N/100 g soil in form of lucerne green meal
APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE TO SOIL
- Method: test substance dissolved in acetone was mixed with quartz sand, the sand mixture was added to soil
VEHICLE:
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: no data - Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2 °C
- Moisture:
- Max. water holding capacity adjusted to 45%
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Hoechst Schering AgrEvo GmbH, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ecobiology, Frankfurt, Germany
- Test container (type, material, size): 2L container, stainless steel, diameter 16 cm, height 10 cm
- Amount of soil: 800 g divided into 3 replicates of 260 g soil each
- No. of replicates per concentration: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 3
SOIL INCUBATION
- Method: series of individual subsamples (one subsample 260 g dw)
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographical reference of sampling site (latitude, longitude): (1) loamy sand: South gate, 60529 Frankfurt, Germany; (2) clay silt: Nassgewann, 65795 Hattersheim, Germany
- Vegetation cover: (1) 1996 straw departed, 1997 summer wheat/fallow, 1998 fallow. (2) 1996 summer barley, 1997 bush bean/winter wheat, 1998 winter wheat
- Treatments with pesticides or fertilizers: not treated with crop protection agents for > 2 years
- Depth of sampling: 0 -20 cm
- Soil texture of (1) according to DIN 4220
- % sand: 51.1
- % silt: 37.6
- % clay: 11.3
- Soil texture of (2) according to DIN 4220
- % sand: 10.2
- % silt: 70.7
- % clay: 19.2
- Soil taxonomic classification: Sample (1): loamy sand (Mittel lehmiger Sand), sample (2) clay silt (Stark toniger Schluff)
- Soil classification system: DIN 4220
- pH (in water): (1) 6.0, (2) 7.0
- Initial nitrate concentration for nitrogen transformation test (mg nitrate/kg dry weight): (1) 4.1, (2) 6.2
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): (1) 37.3, (2) 43.9
- Pretreatment of soil: Coarse plant remains were removed from the soil. The soils were air dried until sieving was possible.
- Storage (condition, duration): at ca. 6° C, from 16 Dec 1998 to 19 Jan 1999
- Initial microbial biomass as mg/100 g soil: (1) 17.5 , (2) 31.5
DETAILS OF PREINCUBATION OF SOIL (if any): 48 hours prior to experiment start portions of soil, sufficient to carry out this study, were transferred to an air-conditioned room at 20 ± 2 °C.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): The ammonium and nitrate contents of the soils were determined on day 0, 14, and 28
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no data - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 125.3 µg/kg soil (equivalent to 94.0 g/ha) and 800 µg/kg soil (equivalent to 600.0 g/ha)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Nitrapyrin (2-Chloro-6-Trichlormethylpyridine)
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.8 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: = 600 g/ha; no adverse effects on nitrogen turnover, < 15%
- Details on results:
- The test substance, when applied at 125.3 µg/kg soil (94.0 g/ha) or 800 µg/kg soil (600.0 g/ha) had a negligible effect on nitrogen turn-over in the loamy sand and clay silt between 0 and 28 days after treatment.
At 125.3 µg/kg soil in the loamy sand deviations of total mineral nitrogen compared to the control were below 2% at each measurement (day 0, 14 and 28). At 800 µg/kg soil the highest deviation of total mineral nitrogen compared to the control was +8.0% at day 14 after treatment. At day 28 this difference to the control was reduced to +6.3%. These differences to the control were statistically significant but can be classified as negligible (Domsch et al., 1983, Residue Reviews 86: 65-105).
In the clay silt the initial deviation (at day 0) of total mineral nitrogen compared to the control was 3.2% in the treatments with 125.3 µg/kg soil and 3.9% in the treatments with 800 µg/kg soil. Nevertheless, these deviations did not differ significantly from the control at the 5% level. At day 14 these deviations had increased to 4.8% at 125.3 µg/kg soil and 7.3% at 800 µg/kg soil and were statistically significant but can be classified as negligible (Domsch et al., 1983, Residue Reviews 86: 65-105). At day 28 total mineral nitrogen concentrations at both treatment levels were lower than in the control (-3.7% and -2.6% respectively) but these deviations were not statistically significant. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- In both soils the nitrification was almost completely inhibited by nitrapyrin. These results with the toxic reference substance indicated that the soil microflora was of acceptable sensitivity to the reference substance.
At 14 and 28 days after application a significant deviation from the control was observed in the loamy sand. The deviations of total mineral nitrogen compared to the control were +32.4% at day 14 and +37.2% at day 28 respectively and consisted almost entirely of ammonium.
At 14 and 28 days after application, a significant deviation from the control was observed in the clay silt, deviation of total mineral nitrogen compared to the control was +17.5% at day 14 and +12.6% at day 28 respectively and consisted almost entirely of ammonium. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
Referenceopen allclose all
Validity criteria according to OECD 217 (2000) cannot be evaluated, since control raw on replicate samples data are not reported.
Validity criteria according to OECD 216 (2000) are met: nitrate concentration variation between replicate control samples was less than ± 15% (9-10%).
Description of key information
NOEC (28 d): ≥ 0.8 mg/L (nominal, soil microflora, BBA Part VI, 1-1)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No adverse effects (< 15% deviation from control) of the test substance on nitrogen transformation (measured as NO3-N production, OECD 216) and on carbon transformation (measured as oxygen consumption, OECD 217) in soil were observed in two GLP guideline studies (Sowig 1999a and 1999b). Concentrations of 0.1253 mg test item/kg dry soil (equivalent to 94.0 g/ha) and 0.8 mg test item/kg dry soil (equivalent to 600.0 g/ha) were investigated. Test concentrations are related to a soil depth of 10 cm and a soil density of 1.5 g/cm3.
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