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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Sediment toxicity
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sediment toxicity: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 8 July to 5 August 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guideline study
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 011
- Report date:
- 2011
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 219 (Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Test Using Spiked Water)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Details on test material:
- Sigma Aldrich, Boric Acid, Lot No. 079k0115. Purity 99.9%
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Analytical measurements were made on additional replicate systems at day 0 and day 28 for determination of test substance concentrations in overlying water.
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on sediment and application:
- Fine industrial sand, washed, was used as an inorganic substrate for the larvae
Test chambers were prepared 1 day before introduction of organisms, maintained under test conditions
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Chironomus riparius
- Details on test organisms:
- Laboratory cultures used to provide 1st instar (1-day old) individuals at test initiation. Age was confirmed by measurement of head capsule widths of a representative sample.
Breeding conditions: Cultured at room temperature (21-25 degrees C) in laboratory culture water.
Handling of egg masses and larvae: Egg masses collected and isolated in freshwater, maintained at 20 degrees C.
- Feeding during test: prepared invertebrate food- a suspension of commercial fish flake food
- Amount: Daily, 2.5-3 ml of 2.0 mg/ml during 1st 10 days, 6-8 ml for remainder
Study design
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Type of sediment:
- artificial sediment
- Limit test:
- no
Exposure duration
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Exposure phase:
- total exposure duration
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 140 to 162 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 to 21.7 degrees C
- pH:
- 7.5 to 8.7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 5.2 to 9.3 mg/L (60 to 95% saturation)
- Ammonia:
- 0.00003 to 0.0168 micrograms/L (un-ionized)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations definitive test : 0 (control), 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg B/L.
Geometric Mean Measured Overlying Water Total Concentrations: 0.298, 3.06, 5.93, 11.0, 20.4, 43.3, and 89.3 mg B/L
Geometric Mean Measured Overlying Water Added Concentrations: 0, 2.76, 5.63, 10.7, 20.1, 43.0, and 89.0 mg B/L - Details on test conditions:
- Test chambers were 1-L glass jars containing approximately 255 g of sediment (clean washed sand) Sediment depth was approximately 2 cm. Dilution water (600 mL) was added to each replicate chamber using a deflector to minimize disturbance of the sediment. Water depth was approx 8 cm, so the water: sediment volume ratio was approx 4:1. Polypropylene emergence traps with nylon mesh were used to monitor adult midge emergence. Chambers were left for 1 d to equilibrate before the test started.
At least 7 replicate chambers were prepared for each treatment level and control. Two were used to provide samples for chemical analysis and 3 chambers were used for biological observations. 20 midge larvae were added to each chamber for the chemical and biological observations. Seven different exposures were tested, a control and six treatments. Larvae were impartially added to cups, then the cups randomly assigned to a replicate chamber.
Overlying water was aerated during the test beginning 24 h after addition of the organisms by gentle bubbling. Midges were fed 2.5 to 3 ml of a commercial flake fish food suspension (2.0 mg/ml) for the first 10 d, then 8 ml daily for the remainder of the test. Algae were added during the first 3 days as food for the first instar larvae. Lighting was 16 h: 8 h light:dark cycle with a 30 m transition period. Light intensity was 520 lux. Temperature was maintained at 20 +/- 2 degrees C by keeping the test chambers in a flowing water bath. Water was not replaced during the test.
Emergence of adult flies was monitored from day 18. Presence of adults or exuviae in traps was monitored. Adult flies were identified by gender.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 20.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 43 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 20.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: emergence
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 43 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: emergence
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 43 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- development rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 43 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- emergence rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 40.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: total adult emergence
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron (30.2 - 50.8)
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 42.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality and emergency
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 40 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality, emergence and development rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: added boron
- Details on results:
- The nominal concentrations were added in the effect concentrations table, following the usual practice that a nominal concentration may be used if the measured values are reasonably close to the nominal.
Percent emergence in the controls was 97% which exceeded the minimum of 70% emergence specified in the OECD 219 guideline for valid results.
All chemical and physical parameters for the 28 day study were within expected ranges, except for a 9 h period where temperature rose to 22.6 degrees due to water bath heater malfunction. This was judged to have no effect on the results as control performance met criteria and all treatments were equally affected.
Light intensity: 520 lux (day 0). - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical analysis based on one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test. ECx estimates obtained from probit method and trimmed Spearman-Karber method if poor fit in the probit approach.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Measured Overlying Water Concentrations and Endpoint Values
Group | Nominal Exposure (mg-B/L) | Measured Day 0 Exposure (mg-B/L) | Measured Geomean Exposure (mg-B/L) | Mean measured added boron |
Survival | Emergence | Gender Ratio* | Development rate | |
Control | 0 | 0.429 | 0.298 | 0 |
98% | 97% | 1.6 | 0.048 | |
T1 | 2.5 | 3.22 | 3.06 | 2.76 | 98% | 95% | 0.5 | 0.044 | |
T2 | 5 | 6.03 | 5.93 | 5.63 | 100% | 98% | 0.5 | 0.045 | |
T3 | 10 | 10.4 | 11 | 10.7 | 97% | 92% | 0.8 | 0.045 | |
T4 | 20 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 20.1 | 100 | 90% | 0.5 | 0.043 | |
T5 | 40 | 44.3 | 43.3 | 43.0 | 87%** | 80%** | 0.9 | 0.044 | |
T6 | 80 | 87.6 | 89.3 | 89.0 | 0%** | 0%** | -- | --** |
* Ratio is males:females
* Significantly different from control value (p<=0.05)
The gender ratio was reduced in all treatments above the control. However, there was no dose-related pattern; the most highly exposed group (T5) with emergent flies was most similar to controls. In addition, the test with spiked sediments showed virtually the reversed pattern of gender ratio, again with no evident dose-response pattern.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Expressed as nominal added boron the NOEC values for survival and percent emergence were 20 mg B-added/L and LOECs were 40 mg B-added/L. The NOEC value for development rate was 40 mg B-added/L.
Based on survival and percent emergence, the NOEC (total) was 20.4 mg B/L and LOEC (total) was 43.3 mg B/L. The EC10 (total) for survival was 43.0 mg B/L. The EC10 (total) for percent emergence was 40.8 mg B/L (95% CI 30.5 to 51.1 mg B/L) The NOECs (total) for time to emergence for males and females (calculated separately and combined) were 43.3 mg B/L. The NOECs (total) for development rate for males and females (calculated separately and combined) were 43.3 mg B/L.
Expressed as added boron the NOEC values for survival and percent emergence were 20.1 mg B-added/L and LOECs were 43.0 mg B-added/L. The NOEC value for development rate was 43.0 mg B-added/L. The EC10 for survival would be 42.7 mg B-added/L and the EC10 for percent emergence would be 40.5 mg B-added/L.
Analyses of the overlying water at test initiation and termination documented that the boron concentrations were relatively constant in the overlying water. This suggests that the silica sand sediment did not remove any significant amount of the boric acid spiked into the water.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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