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EC number: 204-420-7 | CAS number: 120-72-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Guideline:
- other: no guideline mentioned in the article
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Thes investigated teh biotransforamtion of indole by a microbial consortium present in anaerobically digested sludge. Indole was completely biodegraded in 10 days under methanogenic conditions using a 9% anaerobic sewage sludge inoculum forming oxindole as an intermediate metabolite; Please see culture conditions, and analysis in the attached article.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Oxygen conditions:
- anaerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Municipal (State College, Pa) sewage sludge was collected from primary anaerobic digesters filtered through cheesecloth, and mixed at a ratio of 1:11 with mineral salt medium.
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 50 other: microgram/ml
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- Indole
- Preliminary study:
- It was not specified.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- >= 100
- Sampling time:
- 10 d
- Details on results:
- It is readily biodegradable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Indole was completely biodegraded in 10 days under methanogenic conditions using a 9% anaerobic sewage sludge inoculum forming oxindole as an intermediate metabolite; the concetration of indole in the sterile control over this time remained unchanged(1)[(1) Berry DF et al; Appl Environ Microbiol 53: 180-82 (1987)
- Executive summary:
Indole was completely biodegraded in 10 days under methanogenic conditions using a 9% anaerobic sewage sludge inoculum forming oxindole as an intermediate metabolite; the concetration of indole in the sterile control over this time remained unchanged(1)[(1) Berry DF et al; Appl Environ Microbiol 53: 180-82 (1987) The methane produced (net amunt) indicated nearly complete mineralisation.
Reference
Description of key information
Indole was completely biodegraded in 10 days under methanogenic conditions using a 9% anaerobic sewage sludge inoculum forming oxindole as an intermediate metabolite; the concn of indole in the sterile control over this time remained unchanged(1).
Throughout
the incubation period, net methane production increased, indicating thatindolewas
mineralized(1). Complete metabolism ofindoleby
methanogenic sediments from the shore, edge, and bottom of Buffalo Run
stream, PA, occurred within 33 days. Asindoledisappeared,
stoichiometric amounts of oxindole appeared in the sediment suspensions
and persisted for over 4 weeks and was completely eliminated over 110
days(2). Complete biodegradation ofindolewas
reported in 24 days using a 9% digested sludge inoculum at 22 deg C
under methanogenic conditions(2).Indolewas
completely biodegraded by suspensions of an organic soil (Carlisle muck)
under methanogenic conditions within 67 days; concurrently, oxindole
appeared, and persisted in near stoichiometric amounts for about 3
weeks(2). No oxindole accumulated under denitrifying conditions, using a
soil inoculum, during the 144 days which were required forindoleto
disappear(2). This pattern was again seen using a 9% sewage sludge
inoculum under methanogenic and denitrifying conditions; both conditions
required 7 days for complete disappearance ofindole;
however, oxindole accumulated temporarily in the methanogenic culture
but was not seen in the denitrifying culture probably due to rapid
metabolism of this compound(2).
[(1) Berry DF et al; Appl Environ Microbiol 53: 180-82 (1987)
(2) Madsen EL et al; Appl Environ Microbiol 54: 74-78 (1988)] **PEER REVIEWED**
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
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