Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 500-005-2 | CAS number: 9003-35-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: peer reviewed journal
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed journal
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mention below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The objective of the study was to determine short term toxicity of test chemical to Oncorhynchus mykiss for 48 h.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Details on test solutions
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: standard sock solution were prepared in distilled water according to the standard method. Appropriate dilutions of industrial wastewater were then prepared using water from the source of the receiving stream. - Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Details on test organisms
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Rainbow trout
- Source: Fish farm
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Juvenile
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 10 cm long
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 1 week
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): acclimated at 20 ° C step by step for 1 week
- Type and amount of food: Commercial fish food
- Feeding frequency: Daily - Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Details on test conditions:
- Details on test conditions
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Aquarium
- Aeration: The aquariums were slightly aerated to prevent any harm to the fish due to the decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water, caused by the possible degradation of test chemical.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : pH and dissolved oxygen measured daily
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Percent mortality of fish - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Phenol and formaldehyde
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC10
- Effect conc.:
- 12.5 other: % v/v
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 18.5 other: % v/v
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Range: 15.8–21.6
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LC90
- Effect conc.:
- 27.2 other: % v/v
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Study was conducted to determine median lethal concentration of test chemical. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the test chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC10, LC50 and LC90 was determine to be 12.5, 18.5 (Range: 15.8–21.6) and 27.2 % v/v, respectively.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- LC50 with 95 % CI was calculated using probit analysis.
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table: Toxicity of phenol and formaldehyde to Oncorhynchus mykiss
Oncorhynchus mykiss Phenol (mg/L) Formaldehyde (mg/L) 48h LC10 10.3 29.3 48h LC50 (conf. limit) 13.1 (11.9–14.1) 50.0 (42.3–86.0) 48h LC90 16.6 87.0 - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Study was conducted to determine median lethal concentration of test chemical. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the test chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC10, LC50 and LC90 was determine to be 12.5, 18.5 (Range: 15.8–21.6) and 27.2 % v/v, respectively.
- Executive summary:
Short term toxicity of test chemical present in industrial wastewater was determine on the growth of fish. Study also involves the finding out whether the effect of pure phenol and formaldehyde to aquatic organisms was similar to that produced by the mixture of both in the wastewater. Chemical was analytically monitored. Standard sock solution were prepared in distilled water according to the standard method. Appropriate dilutions of industrial wastewater were then prepared using water from the source of the receiving stream. Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, about 10 cm long were obtained from fish farms and acclimated to the 20°C step by step for at least one week. During this period, the rainbow trout were fed daily with commercial fish food. The aquariums were slightly aerated to prevent any harm to the fish due to the decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water, caused by the possible degradation of test chemical. The pH and dissolved oxygen were measured daily. After the exposure of 48 hrs LC50 with 95 % CI was calculated using probit analysis. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the test chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC10, LC50 and LC90 was determine to be 12.5, 18.5 (Range: 15.8–21.6) and 27.2 % v/v, respectively. Based on LC50 value and as chemical readily biodegradable in water thus we concluded that chemical was consider as nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Description of key information
Short term toxicity to fish:
Study was conducted to determine median lethal concentration of test chemical. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the test chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC10, LC50 and LC90 was determine to be 12.5, 18.5 (Range: 15.8–21.6) and 27.2 % v/v, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Short term toxicity to fish:
Based on the various experimental data for the target chemical study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of target chemical test material on the growth of fishes. The studies are as mentioned below:
In the first key study from peer reviewed journal, short term toxicity of test chemical present in industrial wastewater was determine on the growth of fish. Study also involves the finding out whether the effect of pure phenol and formaldehyde to aquatic organisms was similar to that produced by the mixture of both in the wastewater. Chemical was analytically monitored. Standard sock solution were prepared in distilled water according to the standard method. Appropriate dilutions of industrial wastewater were then prepared using water from the source of the receiving stream. Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, about 10 cm long were obtained from fish farms and acclimated to the 20°C step by step for at least one week. During this period, the rainbow trout were fed daily with commercial fish food. The aquariums were slightly aerated to prevent any harm to the fish due to the decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water, caused by the possible degradation of test chemical. The pH and dissolved oxygen were measured daily. After the exposure of 48 hrs LC50 with 95 % CI was calculated using probit analysis. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the test chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC10, LC50 and LC90 was determine to be 12.5, 18.5 (Range: 15.8–21.6) and 27.2 % v/v, respectively. Based on LC50 value and as chemical readily biodegradable in water thus we concluded that chemical was consider as nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
the second study was performed to determine the effect of test chemical present in industrial wastewater on the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss by providing the exposure period of 48 hrs. The untreated wastewater samples from a chemical industry producing test chemical were taken at the site of wastewater discharge into the river. The 24 h flow proportional wastewater samples were collected and transported to the laboratory in coolers with icepacks. The samples were stored in the dark at 4°C for analyses performed within three days, or frozen at –18°C until use. All wastewater samples were used for testing without any pre-treatment. 10 cm long Juvenile Rainbow trout were used for the test. Five concentrations and a control were tested for the conformation. After the exposure of test chemical mortality were measured by Probit analysis. Based on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss by the chemical exposure for 48 hrs, the LC50 was determine to be 15.8 v/v%. Based on LC50 value and as chemical readily biodegradable in water thus we concluded that chemical was consider as nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Based on the above studies, it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.