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EC number: 445-620-6 | CAS number: 39318-30-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 30/06/2003-02/07/2003
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 003
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1984)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 23 (2000)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lithium Potassium Titanium Oxide
- EC Number:
- 445-620-6
- Cas Number:
- 39318-30-4
- Molecular formula:
- Hill Empirical formula: K(0.5-0.7) Li(0.27) Ti(1.73) O(3.8-3.95) CAS Empirical formula: K(0.5-0.7) Li(0.27) Ti(1.73) O(3.8-3.95)
- IUPAC Name:
- Lithium Potassium Titanium Oxide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): TERRACESS L
- Substance type: white powder
- Physical state: solid, crystalline
- Lot/batch No.: 2D79A
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 11 April 2004
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: duplicate samples for analysis were taken from the 5 µm filtered solution prepared at 100 mg/l (3 days stirring) and the control
- Sampling method: 20 ml from the approximate centre of the test vessel
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were stored in a deep-freeze until shipment to Solvias AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: As a consequence of the poor solubility, a supersaturated solution was prepared at nominally 100 mg/l and magnetically stirred for three days to achieve maximum solubility. The resulting dispersion was filtered through a paper filter (Schleicher and Schuell 604) to remove the larger undissolved test substance particles (ca. > 5µm). The filtered solution was used to prepare three lower concentrations (0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate.). All final solutions were clear and colourless
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus, 1820
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): For the test selection of young daphnia with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old
- Method of breeding: With new-born animals, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 10 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
- Feeding during test: no feeding
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 250 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.7-21.1
- pH:
- Blank7.9 (start) - 7.9 (end)
100% filtrate: 8.3 (start) - 8.0 (end) - Dissolved oxygen:
- Blank: 8.8 (start) - 8.7 (end)
100% filtrate: 8.8 (start) - 8.7 (end) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: A 5 µm filtered solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) and dilutions containing 0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate.
Blank control: Test medium without test substance or other additives (0 mg/l).
Measured: Analysis of the samples taken from the 5 µm filtrate prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) showed that measured concentrations based on Lithium and Titanium were below the detection limit of the analytical method, i.e. below 0.1 mg/l. The Potassium concentration could be measured and remained stable at approximately 3 mg/l during the 48-hour test period.
Extrapolating this concentration to the concentration of the test substance TERRACESS L resulted in a concentration of 13 mg/l (using the formula: K concentration analysed /0.76 * M K )* M TERRACESS L). - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 ml, all-glass containing 80 ml medium
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for the blank and the 100 mg/L filtrate and 2 for the 10, 1 and 0.1 % dilutions of 100 mg/Lfiltrate
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ISO, prepared in milli-RO water
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes, M7 was used for the culturing
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility (including mortality) at 24 h and 48 h.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10
- Range finding study: this test was a combined limit and range finding test
- Test concentrations: A 5 µm filtered solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) and dilutions containing 0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Potassium
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: (> WSL)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 13 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- Terracess L
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: (> WSL)
- Details on results:
- No significant immobilisation of Daphnia was observed during the test period in any of the concentrations tested
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
The 24h-EC50 was 1.2 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l.
The 48h-EC50 was 0.60 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 0.52 and 0.76 mg/l
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the test, Terracess L did not induce acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna at a loading rate of 100 mg/L prepared by filtering the substance through a 5 um filter after 3 days stirring. Given the low solubility of Terracess L in water, concetration levels that might be toxic for daphnids could not be reached. Therefore, the 48 h EC50 excceded the maximum solubility in water.
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