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EC number: 203-401-0 | CAS number: 106-47-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well documented publication which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Acute and Long-Term Effects of Nine Chemicals on the Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes)
- Author:
- Holcombe, G.W., Benoit, D.A., Hammermeister, D.E., Leonard, E.N. and Johnson, R.D.
- Year:
- 1 995
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 28, 287-297.
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Ninety-six-hour acute and 28-day larval survival and
growth tests were conducted with 4-chloroaniline, using
the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as the test organism.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-chloroaniline
- EC Number:
- 203-401-0
- EC Name:
- 4-chloroaniline
- Cas Number:
- 106-47-8
- Molecular formula:
- C6H6ClN
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-chloroaniline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4-chloroaniline
- Analytical purity: 99.9%
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- Stock solution: was prepared by dissolving the test substance in
Lake Superior water, using a high speed stirrer.
Afterwards it was transferred to a glass stock bottle inside the vented
diluter enclosure using Teflon tubing and air pressure.
During each test, a predetermined volume (ml/min) of stock solution
was continuously pumped from the stock bottle into the mixing cell of
the diluter system.
Lake Superior water was used for all testing. Before use, it was filtered
through sand, a 50-micron filter; a 5-micron filter; and then exposed to
ultraviolet light before heating to the test temperature of 25 + I°C.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Oryzias latipes
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were not fed for 24-h before or during acute testing.
Twenty medaka were exposed per concentration, ten per replicate, in
acute tests. Medaka used for acute tests ranged from 28-43 days old
and weighed from 18-71 mg. Mean weights of test fish were determined
by weighing the control group (20 fish) at the end of the 96-h
exposures. Methods not specified above conform to recommendations
of the American Society for Testing and Materials (1980).
Tests with 4-chloroaniline were
started by placing the fish directly into tanks containing the various
exposure concentrations of each chemical.
Study design
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Hardness and alkalinity determinations were made at a minimum on a control, one intermediate,
and one high concentration tank once or twice during acute tests
and once weekly during 28-day larval tests and the embryo-larval test.
The mean and range for total hardness was 45.8 (38.0-52.0) mg/L as
CaCO 3 for all tests. - Test temperature:
- 25 ± I°C
- pH:
- The arithmetic mean, standard deviation and range of pH readings for all
tests was 7.88 ± 0.18 (7.31-8.85). - Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen (D.O.) was measured by a
dissolved oxygen meter (calibrated by the azide modification of the
Winkler method) on one complete set of replicate tanks (6) at least once
during acute tests and once weekly during all 28-d larval tests. The
mean, standard deviation and range of D.O. measurements (mg/L) for
all tests was 6.8± 0.7 (5.0-8.5). - Details on test conditions:
- Exposure System
Continuous-flow mini-diluter exposure systems with vented enclosures
(Benoit et al. 1982) were used for all tests. The diluters generated five
exposure concentrations and a control, all in replicate, with a dilution
factor of 0.5. Exposure tanks were glass aquaria 18.5 × 14.0 × 13.0
cm deep. Each exposure tank had a 8.6 cm standpipe which resulted in
a tank volume of 2.0 L. Flow rates and 90% replacement times
(Sprague 1969) were 25 ml/min and 2.8 h, respectively, during all
tests. Fluorescent lamps provided a light intensity that ranged from 12
to 25 lumens at the water surface. A 16-h photoperiod was used for all
tests.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.25 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth
Any other information on results incl. tables
Significant effects on growth were observed in the lowest 4-chloroaniline concentration (2.25 mg/L).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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