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EC number: 202-394-1 | CAS number: 95-14-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guidance study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 012
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,2,3-Benzotriazole
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,2,3-Benzotriazole
- Reference substance name:
- Benzotriazole
- EC Number:
- 202-394-1
- EC Name:
- Benzotriazole
- Cas Number:
- 95-14-7
- Molecular formula:
- C6H5N3
- IUPAC Name:
- benzotriazole
- Test material form:
- other: needles
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1,2,3-Benzotriazole
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: 99.87 %
- Lot/batch No.: 111254 / 112649
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: Nov. 2012
- Storage condition of test material: 20 +- 5°C
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Method
- Target gene:
- his-
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA 97a, TA 98, TA 100, TA 102, TA1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- first experiment
50/150/500/1501/5003 µg/plate
second experiment
313/625/1250/2500/5000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
DMSO is chosen because 1H-benzotriazole is completly soluble and the vehicle does not have any effects on the viability of the bacetria.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 4-Nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine; 2-Amino-anthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation) with and without preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 4 - Evaluation criteria:
- The colonies were counted visually.
The increase factor f(I) of revertant induction and the absolute number ov refertants were calculated.
If a significant, reproducible increase of revertant colonies (f(I) > 2) can be observed, 1H-benzotriazole is considered mutagenic. - Statistics:
- mean values and standard deviations of each treatment, solvent control and positive control are calculated. Calculations were performed with unrounded values
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 97a
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
The negative, vehicle and positive controls were compared to historical data and
found to be in the range of this data. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table: Mean revertants first experiment
Strain | TA97a | TA98 | TA100 | TA102 | TA1535 | ||||||
Induction | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | |
H2O | Mean | 118 | 121 | 15 | 19 | 90 | 101 | 145 | 144 | 16 | 17 |
sd | 8 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 20 | 3 | 2 | |
DMSO | Mean | 126 | 121 | 19 | 20 | 97 | 94 | 127 | 140 | 17 | 15 |
sd | 9 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 14 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 3 | |
Positive controls | Mean | 563 | 562 | 236 | 220 | 452 | 470 | 583 | 631 | 193 | 186 |
sd | 69 | 37 | 34 | 12 | 41 | 26 | 102 | 66 | 13 | 14 | |
f(I) | 4.47 | 4.64 | 12.42 | 11.00 | 5.02 | 5.00 | 4.59 | 4.51 | 12.06 | 12.40 | |
5003 µg/pl. | Mean | 107 | 125 | 18 | 15 | 99 | 102 | 149 | 141 | 16 | 14 |
sd | 5 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 18 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 1 | |
f(I) | 0.85 | 1.03 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 1.17 | 1.01 | 0.94 | 0.93 | |
1501 µg/pl. | Mean | 123 | 124 | 17 | 16 | 103 | 103 | 143 | 146 | 17 | 17 |
sd | 10 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | |
f(I) | 0.98 | 1.02 | 0.89 | 0.80 | 1.06 | 1.10 | 1.13 | 1.04 | 1.00 | 1.13 | |
500 µg/pl. | Mean | 120 | 118 | 15 | 16 | 89 | 110 | 139 | 130 | 15 | 14 |
sd | 5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 16 | 11 | 4 | 1 | |
f(I) | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.92 | 1.17 | 1.09 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.93 | |
150 µg/pl. | Mean | 116 | 121 | 14 | 18 | 88 | 101 | 136 | 141 | 15 | 15 |
sd | 3 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 10 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 1 | |
f(I) | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.74 | 0.90 | 0.91 | 1.07 | 1.07 | 1.01 | 0.88 | 1.00 | |
50 µg/pl. | Mean | 119 | 108 | 16 | 20 | 83 | 97 | 137 | 128 | 15 | 15 |
sd | 5 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 19 | 6 | 4 | 15 | 2 | 2 | |
f(I) | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 1.00 |
Table: Mean revertants second experiment
Strain | TA97a | TA98 | TA100 | TA102 | TA1535 | ||||||
Induction | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | -S9 | +S9 | |
H2O | Mean | 118 | 117 | 15 | 15 | 100 | 87 | 166 | 153 | 16 | 15 |
sd | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 2 | |
DMSO | Mean | 117 | 115 | 18 | 16 | 98 | 96 | 149 | 154 | 18 | 16 |
sd | 3 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 23 | 7 | 3 | 2 | |
Positive controls | Mean | 517 | 592 | 217 | 222 | 416 | 473 | 621 | 611 | 210 | 241 |
sd | 71 | 13 | 12 | 15 | 38 | 26 | 25 | 43 | 10 | 13 | |
f(I) | 4.42 | 5.15 | 12.06 | 13.88 | 4.16 | 4.93 | 4.17 | 3.97 | 13.13 | 15.06 | |
5002 µg/pl. | Mean | 104 | 112 | 15 | 14 | 95 | 93 | 139 | 146 | 15 | 14 |
sd | 7 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
f(I) | 0.89 | 0.97 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.83 | 0.88 | |
2501 µg/pl. | Mean | 112 | 113 | 14 | 15 | 84 | 79 | 145 | 157 | 15 | 13 |
sd | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 5 | 16 | 2 | 1 | |
f(I) | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.81 | |
1251 µg/pl. | Mean | 117 | 109 | 14 | 16 | 82 | 79 | 143 | 150 | 17 | 16 |
sd | 4 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 16 | 4 | 4 | |
f(I) | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.78 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 1.00 | |
626 µg/pl. | Mean | 116 | 116 | 15 | 17 | 92 | 87 | 156 | 157 | 15 | 15 |
sd | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 16 | 9 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 3 | |
f(I) | 0.99 | 1.01 | 0.83 | 1.06 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 1.05 | 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.94 | |
313 µg/pl. | Mean | 115 | 114 | 14 | 17 | 85 | 85 | 146 | 151 | 16 | 14 |
sd | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 2 | |
f(I) | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.78 | 1.06 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.89 | 0.88 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- 1H-benzotriazole did not show mutagenic effects in the two conducted experiments.
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