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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 936-414-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
In accordance with column 2 of REACH Annex IX, studies with soil macroorganisms do not need to be conducted as direct and indirect exposure of the soil compartment is unlikely.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Justification for a weight of evidence approach for adaptation according to column 2 of REACH Annex IX
1. Hazard
Information:
Three acute tests in aqueous system with algae, daphnia, fish
representing the three trophic levels showed no significant effects. Due
to molecular weight and size, MWCNT are not expected to be bioavailable
as they are characterised by a very low vapour pressure and a very low
water solubility. It is therefore expected that tests with soil dwelling
organisms would not give additional scientific evidence.
2. Exposure
Information:
a) Operational conditions and risk management measures in all related
exposure scenarios: MWCNT are manufactured in a closed process with no
likelihood of exposure. Any waste gas is incinerated and no waste water
is generated. Thus, manufacture of MWCNT does not result in any exposure
of the soil compartment. Direct and indirect exposure of the soil
compartment from downstream users is very limited as surfaces in the
processing units are sealed and waste gas and waste water are adequately
processed. End-uses of MWCNT involve incorporation into material
matrices, again leading to negligible direct and indirect exposure of
the soil compartment.
b) Quantification of the resulting release/exposure: A relevant distribution into soil and a considerable exposure of soil macroorganisms is not expected. This is supported by results of environmental modelling in the scientific literature. For instance, Gottschalk et al. predicted soil concentrations for MWCNT to be negligible leading to a yearly deposition yielding 0.0015 µg/kg (direct emission to soil) and 0.074 µg/kg (sludge treated soil) (Gottschalk et al. (2009) Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 9216-9222). These estimations include the whole life cycle of the substance including manufacture, consumption,recycling and waste stages. Furthermore it was reported recently (Nguyen T., Presentation at Nanosafe 2010, Grenoble, France), that MWCNT bound in polymer matrices form a network on the composite surface during UV exposure which may be responsible for preventing release of MWCNT to the environment.
3. Conclusion:
No further testing of MWCNT is considered necessary, as there is sufficient weight of evidence to conclude that MWCNT are not toxic to soil dwelling organisms. Based on operational conditions during the service life and based on release estimations, the registrant demonstrates that exposure to the environment is so low that additional information will not lead to improvement of risk management.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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