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EC number: 200-842-0 | CAS number: 75-12-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2004, Oct 06-07
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: activated sludge from laboratory waste water plant treating municipal sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - Method of cultivation: activated sludge from laboratory waste water plant treating municipal sewage
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Inoculum was washed, brought to a concentration of 5 g/L dry substance and aerated during the night.
- Initial biomass concentration: Concentration of dry substance 1 g/L - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 30 min
- Test temperature:
- 20 +-2 °C
- pH:
- 7.5
- Dissolved oxygen:
- - oxygen concentration during aeration: > 2.5 mg/L
- oxygen concentration immediately before measurement: > 6.5 mg/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1000 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL nominal volume Erlenmeyer vessel
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250 mL
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: 8 mL/vessel 100-fold concentrated OECD medium
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- duration of the measurement of oxygen consumption: 8-10 min - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol: 100, 10, 1 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC80
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Relevant effect levels: Effect concentrations for the reference substance:
EC20 (30 min): ca. 2.5 mg/L
EC50 (30 min): ca. 17 mg/L
EC80 (30 min): ca. 92 mg/L - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The NOEC and EC 50 at 30 minutes was greater than 500 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Test procedure according to National Standard with acceptable restrictions (e.g. exposure concentrations in the test and the stability of formamide were not confirmed by chemical analysis)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: German Industrial Standard DIN 38412, Part 8 (draft)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudomonas putida
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: DSM 50026
- Method of cultivation: at 24°C in 100 mL AK-medium according to DIN 38412, Part 8 (draft)in 300 mL-Erlenmeyer flasks (1 baffle)
- Pretreatment: 24 °C (297 K +- 1 K), 150 rpm for 7+/-1 h
- Initial biomass concentration: 1 mL pre-culture (adjusted to 10 TE/F) - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 17 h
- Test temperature:
- 20°C (292 K), 150 rpm for 17 h
- pH:
- 7.1-7.2
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (control), 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1250, 2500, 5000, 7000, 10000 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 ml-Erlenmeyer flasks, 1 baffle
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 10 mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):4 and blank (w/o cells): 1 per concentration and control
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: AK-medium according to DIN 38412, Part 8 (draft)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : photometric determination at 436 nm and pH at test start and after 17 h - Key result
- Duration:
- 17 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Key result
- Duration:
- 17 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Key result
- Duration:
- 17 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC90
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- At 17 hours, the EC10, EC50 and EC90 were all greater than 1000 mg/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
Oxygen consumption
|
Inhibition |
|
mg O2/L*h |
% |
|
Blank (mean value) |
17 |
- |
Test substance 1000 mg/L |
17 |
0 |
Reference substance 1 mg/L |
16 |
6 |
Reference substance 10 mg/L |
10 |
41 |
Reference substance 100 mg/L |
3 |
82 |
Effects on growth:
Concentration-related growth stimulation was observed up to
a concentration of 7500 mg/L rather than growth inhibition:
Nominal test concentration (mg/L) |
Growth stimulation (%) |
0 |
- |
156.25 |
-2.7 (1) |
312.5 |
3.7 |
625 |
1.9 |
1250 |
10.5 |
2500 |
21.3 |
5000 |
35.3 |
7500 |
35.8 |
10000 |
20.5 |
EC-values (17 h) are based on the nominal concentrations
EC10 > 10000 mg/L
EC50 > 10000 mg/L
EC90 > 10000 mg/L
pH:
pH at the start (0 h; w/o cells) and after 17 h (w cells):
Nominal test concentration (mg/L) |
pH (1 h) (w/o cells) |
pH (48 h) (w cells) |
0 |
7.1 |
4.9 |
156.25 |
7.2 |
4.9 |
312.5 |
7.2 |
4.9 |
625 |
7.2 |
5.0 |
1250 |
7.2 |
5.0 |
2500 |
7.2 |
5.3 |
5000 |
7.2 |
6.5 |
7500 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
10000 |
7.2 |
7.0 |
Description of key information
In a 30 min respiration inhibition test according to OECD 209 performed as a limit test, the effect of formamide on the respiration rate of activated sludge from an laboratory sewage treatment plant was investigated using the following nominal test concentration of 1000 mg/L. An inhibition of the respiration rate was not observed. The NOEC (30 min) was 1000 mg/L (Key study).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 1 000 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 1 000 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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