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EC number: 203-569-5 | CAS number: 108-29-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- Not available, publication received 1945-05-31
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Reference
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- Not available, publication received 1945-05-31
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects resulting from the inhalation of an atmosphere saturated with the vapor and containing in addition droplets of the compound in the form of a mist.
- Short description of test conditions: Mice were exposed to a mixture of vapor and mist of the test item in air for 7 hours daily for several days. No details about sex, environmental conditions or MMAD/GSD are given.
- Parameters analysed / observed: Clinical signs and body weights - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- traditional method
- Limit test:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- No details given
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Mice were purchased from a local breeder
IN-LIFE DATES: From day 0 to day 4 (1st experiment), from day 0 up to day 92 (2nd experiment) - Route of administration:
- inhalation: mixture of vapour and aerosol / mist
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Air was passed through a tower containing calcium chloride, the air flow is then measured by a rotameter, the air was further passed over the test item heated in a volatilizer and finally into the exposure chamber.
- Exposure chamber volume: 388 Liter
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: In cages
- Source and rate of air: 15 Liters per minute
- Method of conditioning air: Heating and volatilizing of the test item
- Treatment of exhaust air: The air was expelled from the cage through stack opening under a hood.
- Temperature in air chamber: 24-28°C
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method and equipment used: Air samples were mixed with ethyl alcohol. A saturated solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (~7%) in 95% ethyl alcohol was added, followed by a 20% KOH solution. The mixture was heated and cooled down. afterwards HCl was added. The transmission of light at 490 µm of the solution was compared with those of water in a photoelectric colorimeter.
- Samples taken from breathing zone: No - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 7 h
- Remarks on duration:
- 1st experiment: 7 hours exposure/day for 4 successive days
2nd experiment: 7 hours exposure/day on successive days (Saturdays and Sundays excepted). Those that survived were so exposed on 60 days over a total period of 92 days. - Concentrations:
- Between 3 and 10 mg/L (1st experiment) and approx. 1.5 mg/L (2nd experiment)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 1st experiment: 4 mice
2nd experiment: 6 mice - Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 4 days (1st experiment), up to 92 days (2nd experiment)
- Necropsy of survivors performed: No
- Examinations performed: Clinical signs, body weight - Statistics:
- No statistics available
- Key result
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 10 000 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable due to absence of adverse toxic effects
- Mortality:
- 1st experiment
1/4 mice died after first exposure, 2/4 mice died after second exposure and 1/4 mice died after the the fourth exposure
2nd experiment
1 mouse died during the second exposure, 2 mice died during the third exposure - Clinical signs:
- irregular respiration
- Body weight:
- No information given
- Gross pathology:
- No information given
- Other findings:
- 1st experiment
- Mice: Signs of respiratory disturbance, complete paralysis of the hind quarters
2nd experiment
- Mice: Signs of respiratory disturbance, no weight gain - Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Observations on the effects of gamma-valerolactone upon experimental animals
- Author:
- Deichmann WM. B., Hirose R., Witherup S.
- Year:
- 1 945
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of industrial hygiene and toxicology, 27: No. 9
- Report date:
- 1945
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects resulting from the inhalation of an atmosphere saturated with the vapor and containing in addition droplets of the compound in the form of a mist.
- Short description of test conditions: Rats were exposed to a mixture of vapor and mist of the test item in air for 7 hours daily for several days. No details about sex, environmental conditions or MMAD/GSD are given.
- Parameters analysed / observed: Clinical signs and body weights - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- traditional method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- γ-valerolactone
- EC Number:
- 203-569-5
- EC Name:
- γ-valerolactone
- Cas Number:
- 108-29-2
- Molecular formula:
- C5H8O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 5-methyloxolan-2-one
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- No details given
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- IN-LIFE DATES: From day 0 to day 4 (1st experiment), from day 0 up to day 92 (2nd experiment)
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: mixture of vapour and aerosol / mist
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Air was passed through a tower containing calcium chloride, the air flow is then measured by a rotameter, the air was further passed over the test item heated in a volatilizer and finally into the exposure chamber.
- Exposure chamber volume: 388 Liter
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: In cages
- Source and rate of air: 15 Liters per minute
- Method of conditioning air: Heating and volatilizing of the test item
- Treatment of exhaust air: The air was expelled from the cage through stack opening under a hood.
- Temperature in air chamber: 24-28°C
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method and equipment used: Air samples were mixed with ethyl alcohol. A saturated solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (~7%) in 95% ethyl alcohol was added, followed by a 20% KOH solution. The mixture was heated and cooled down. afterwards HCl was added. The transmission of light at 490 µm of the solution was compared with those of water in a photoelectric colorimeter.
- Samples taken from breathing zone: No - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 7 h
- Remarks on duration:
- 1st experiment: 7 hours exposure/day for 4 successive days
2nd experiment: 7 hours exposure/day on successive days (Saturdays and Sundays excepted). Those that survived were so exposed on 60 days over a total period of 92 days. - Concentrations:
- Between 3 and 10 mg/L (1st experiment) and approx. 1.5 mg/L (2nd experiment)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 1st experiment: 4 rats
2nd experiment: 4 rats - Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 4 days (1st experiment), upt to 92 days (2nd experiment)
- Necropsy of survivors performed: No
- Examinations performed: Clinical signs, body weight - Statistics:
- No statistics available
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Key result
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 10 000 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable due to absence of adverse toxic effects
- Mortality:
- 1st experiment: No mortality
2nd experiment: No mortality - Body weight:
- No information given
- Gross pathology:
- No information given
- Other findings:
- 1st experiment: No signs of illness
2nd experiment: No signs of illness
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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