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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Water solubility
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- other: transformation/dissolution
- Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 45.9 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 42.7 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 14.2 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1.27 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 86 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 76.3 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 45.5 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 12 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2 444 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2 215 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 480 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 541 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 14.1 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 32.4 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 193 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 15.4 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 44.3 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 377 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 310 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 951 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 8 314 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- other: transformation/dissolution
- Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 981 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 956 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 844 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 305 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 371 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 343 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 165 mg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 495 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 472 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 442 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 6.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1 028 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.0 - Key result
- Type of test:
- screening transformation/dissolution test - sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 375 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 1 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 8.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 70.3 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 103 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 857 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Mn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 78.2 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 wk
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 161 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2 128 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 76.9 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 218 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 10 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5 - Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 3 629 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Ni
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 100 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 7 d
- Test conditions:
- Temperature: 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
pH value: 5.5
Referenceopen allclose all
Results
Observations
In vessels loaded with 1 mg/L after 14 days it cannot be clearly seen, if the material is completely dissolved, due to the low loading.
Temperature
The temperature of the thermostatically controlled room was monitored inside an extra vessel filled with ultrapure water by thermo data loggers (Testo 175-T2, Testo AG, Germany). Two data loggers were applied to have a backup in case of malfunction.
lt can be clearly seen that the temperatures were always in the range of 21.5 ± 1.5 °C (upper limit at 23.0 °C and lower at
20.0 °C) for both data loggers in all tiers of the test.
Solution pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations
In the following chapters the measured pH values and oxygen concentration in the pH optimum screening test as well as in the full test are given.
Screening test for optimum pH
At target pH 5.5 the pH value in method blanks over the 1 d were in the range of 5.35 - 5.67. In test item loaded vessels the pH value increased from 5.35 to 7.08.
At target pH 6.0 the pH value in method blanks was in the range of 5.94 to 6.04. In test item loaded vessels the pH value increased from 5.95 to 7.00.
lncreasing of pH values in media at target pH values of 5.5 and 6.0 is probably due to the test item properties.
At target pH 8.0 the pH value in method blanks was in the range of 7.72 to 8.21. In test item loaded vessels the pH value increased slightly from 7.83 to 8.03.
At target pH 8.5 the pH value in method blanks was in the range of 8.38 to 8.48. In test item loaded vessels the pH value increased slightly from 8.39 to 8.45.
Media pH values at target pH of 5.5, 6, 8 and 8.5 in all vessels of the one day test with loadlng of 100 mg/L (K1, K2, K3- triplicate vessels, BW - method blank): The dissolved oxygen concentration in the screening test is in accordance with the guidance document [4] of at least 70 % of 8.5 ppm = 6.0 ppm. All measured values are above 6.0 ppm.
Results of measured Mn, Ni and Co concentration in 0.2 µm filtrates from the screening test for the optimum pH for the method blanks:
Mn concentrations in method blanks in 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 0.051 | 0.000 |
6.0 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 0.051 | 0.000 |
8.0 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 0.055 | 0.010 |
8.5 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 0.051 | 0.000 |
Co concentratlons in method blanks In 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 0.484 | n.a. |
6.0 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 0.484 | n.a. |
8.0 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 0.484 | n.a. |
8.5 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 0.484 | n.a. |
Ni concentrations in method blanks in 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels ± SD [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 0.792±0.171 |
6.0 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 0.643 ± 0.086 |
8.0 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 0.792 ± 0.086 |
8.5 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 1.23 ± 0.85 |
The results of measured Mn, Ni and Co concentration in 0.2 µm filtrates from the screening test for the optimum pH are for test item loaded samples:
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 3 | 45.9 | 1.0 | 2.2 |
6.0 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 3 | 42.7 | 2.9 | 6.8 |
8.0 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 3 | 14.2 | 0.5 | 3.5 |
8.5 | 0.051 | 0.153 | 1 | 3 | 1.27 | 0.14 | 10.9 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 3 | 86.0 | 3.1 | 3.6 |
6.0 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 3 | 76.3 | 7.8 | 10.2 |
8.0 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 3 | 45.5 | 1.9 | 4.3 |
8.5 | 0.484 | 1.45 | 1 | 3 | 12.0 | 0.2 | 1.7 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 3 | 2444 | 94 | 3.9 |
6.0 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 3 | 2215 | 209 | 9.5 |
8.0 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 3 | 1480 | 66 | 4.5 |
8.5 | 0.594 | 1.78 | 1 | 3 | 541 | 20 | 3.7 |
Analytical measurements
According to the measured concentrations the simulated environmental water which maximizes dissolution in the 1 day test is the medium at target pH 5.5. Therefor this medium was used in full tests.
Full test
The pH in method blank media was in the range of 5.27 - 5. 72 over 7 days of testing and 5.34 -5.79 from day 14 to day 28.
The pH value for the loading of 1 mg/L increased from 5.37 - 5.52 (prior to test start) to 5. 76 -5.83 on day seven. On day 28 pH values of 6.03 - 6.13 were recorded. The maximum pH was measured on day 21 (value of 6.16).
In media with the loading of 10 mg/L the pH value increased from 5.36 - 5.61 to 6.34 - 6.36.
In media with the loading of 100 mg/L the pH value increased from 5.35 - 5.58 to 7.32 - 7.33.
Due to the fact that the pH values in the method blanks were mainly in a constant range (5.5 ± 0.3) in contrast to the test item loaded media (1 mg: 5.5 ± 0.7; 10 mg: 5.5 ± 0.9; 100 mg: 5.5 ± 1.8) the increase is probably due to the test item properties.
Mn concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.083 | 0.068 | 0.008 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.25 | 0.068 | 0.008 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 1 | 0.063 | 0.008 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 4 | 0.112 | 0.000 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 7 | 0.112 | 0.000 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 14 | 0.197 | 0.020 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 21 | 0.209 | 0.000 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 28 | 0.334 | 0.217 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.083 | 0.124 | 0.032 | 26.0 | 0.068 | 0.056 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.25 | 0.294 | 0.035 | 11.9 | 0.068 | 0.226 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 1 | 0.831 | 0.147 | 17.7 | 0.063 | 0.768 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 4 | 2.92 | 0.59 | 20.1 | 0.112 | 2.81 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 7 | 5.68 | 0.40 | 7.0 | 0.112 | 5.57 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 14 | 10.4 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 0.197 | 10.2 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 21 | 12.8 | 0.9 | 7.2 | 0.209 | 12.6 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 28 | 14.4 | 0.9 | 6.3 | 0.334 | 14.1 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L without vessel 1 (1,2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.083 | 0.113 | 0.036 | 31.8 | 0.068 | 0.045 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.25 | 0.275 | 0.017 | 6.1 | 0.068 | 0.207 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 1 | 0.787 | 0.177 | 22.5 | 0.063 | 0.724 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 4 | 2.92 | 0.83 | 28.4 | 0.112 | 2.81 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 7 | 5.90 | 0.11 | 1.9 | 0.112 | 5.79 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 14 | 10.6 | 0.5 | 5.0 | 0.197 | 10.4 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 21 | 13.1 | 1.2 | 8.9 | 0.209 | 12.8 |
0.139 | 0.418 | 28 | 14.4 | 1.3 | 8.9 | 0.334 | 14.1 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.058 | 0.164 | 0.083 | 0.701 | 0.015 | 2.2 | 0.068 | 0.633 |
0.058 | 0.164 | 0.25 | 1.43 | 0.06 | 4.3 | 0.068 | 1.36 |
0.058 | 0.255 | 1 | 5.01 | 0.18 | 3.6 | 0.063 | 4.95 |
0.112 | 0.255 | 4 | 16.4 | 1.1 | 6.6 | 0.112 | 16.3 |
0.112 | 0.336 | 7 | 32.5 | 2.6 | 8.1 | 0.112 | 32.4 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.083 | 5.50 | 0.71 | 12.9 | 0.068 | 5.44 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 0.25 | 12.1 | 0.6 | 5.1 | 0.068 | 12.0 |
0.058 | 0.175 | 1 | 53.1 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 0.063 | 53.0 |
0.112 | 0.366 | 4 | 162 | 3 | 1.7 | 0.112 | 162 |
0.112 | 0.366 | 7 | 193 | 7 | 3.9 | 0.112 | 193 |
Co concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.083 | 0.323 | 0.000 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.25 | 0.323 | 0.000 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 1 | 0.323 | 0.000 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 4 | 0.219 | 0.098 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 7 | 0.328 | 0.149 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 14 | 0.781 | 0.000 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 21 | 0.846 | 0.113 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 28 | 0.846 | 0.113 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.083 | 0.323 | 0.000 | 0.0 | 0.323 | 0.000 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.25 | 0.667 | 0.127 | 19.0 | 0.323 | 0.344 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 1 | 1.14 | 0.259 | 22.8 | 0.323 | 0.813 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 4 | 4.14 | 0.704 | 17.0 | 0.219 | 3.93 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 7 | 7.30 | 0.356 | 4.9 | 0.328 | 6.97 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 14 | 12.5 | 0.763 | 6.1 | 0.781 | 11.7 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 21 | 14.6 | 0.777 | 5.3 | 0.846 | 13.8 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 28 | 16.3 | 0.810 | 5.0 | 0.846 | 15.4 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with theloading of 1 mg/L without vessel 1 (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.083 | 0.323 | 0.000 | 0.0 | 0.323 | 0.000 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.25 | 0.609 | 0.107 | 17.7 | 0.323 | 0.286 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 1 | 1.05 | 0.297 | 28.3 | 0.323 | 0.726 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 4 | 4.09 | 0.986 | 24.1 | 0.219 | 3.87 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 7 | 7.50 | 0.081 | 1.1 | 0.328 | 7.17 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 14 | 12.8 | 0.791 | 6.2 | 0.781 | 12.0 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 21 | 14.7 | 1.070 | 7.3 | 0.846 | 13.9 |
0.781 | 2.34 | 28 | 16.3 | 1.145 | 7.0 | 0.846 | 15.4 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.083 | 1.39 | 0.21 | 15.4 | 0.323 | 1.07 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.25 | 2.27 | 0.25 | 10.9 | 0.323 | 1.95 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 1 | 6.86 | 0.28 | 4.0 | 0.323 | 6.54 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 4 | 22.3 | 1.2 | 5.2 | 0.219 | 22.1 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 7 | 44.7 | 3.8 | 8.5 | 0.328 | 44.3 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.083 | 10.6 | 1.3 | 12.4 | 0.323 | 10.2 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 0.25 | 22.7 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 0.323 | 22.3 |
0.215 | 0.646 | 1 | 95.7 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 0.323 | 95.4 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 4 | 294 | 3 | 0.9 | 0.219 | 293 |
0.053 | 0.159 | 7 | 377 | 12 | 3.2 | 0.328 | 377 |
Ni concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.083 | 0.947 | 0.000 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.25 | 0.947 | 0.000 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 1 | 0.947 | 0.000 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 4 | 0.858 | 0.106 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 7 | 0.919 | 0.000 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 14 | 0.623 | 0.083 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 21 | 0.623 | 0.083 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 28 | 0.623 | 0.083 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.083 | 6.35 | 0.45 | 7.1 | 0.947 | 5.40 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.25 | 11.2 | 0.8 | 7.1 | 0.947 | 10.2 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 1 | 30.8 | 4.0 | 13.1 | 0.947 | 29.8 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 4 | 84.7 | 14.4 | 17.0 | 0.858 | 83.8 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 7 | 146 | 7 | 4.6 | 0.919 | 145 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 14 | 237 | 10 | 4.2 | 0.623 | 236 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 21 | 282 | 16 | 5.7 | 0.623 | 282 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 28 | 309 | 18 | 5.8 | 0.623 | 308 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L without vessel 1 (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.083 | 6.39 | 0.63 | 9.8 | 0.947 | 5.44 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.25 | 11.2 | 1.1 | 10.1 | 0.947 | 10.2 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 1 | 30.3 | 5.6 | 18.5 | 0.947 | 29.4 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 4 | 83.7 | 20.0 | 24.2 | 0.858 | 82.8 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 7 | 150 | 1 | 1.0 | 0.919 | 149 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 14 | 240 | 11 | 4.4 | 0.623 | 240 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 21 | 285 | 21 | 7.5 | 0.623 | 285 |
0.575 | 1.73 | 28 | 310 | 25 | 8.0 | 0.623 | 310 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.083 | 50.4 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 0.947 | 49.4 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.25 | 86.9 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 0.947 | 85.9 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 1 | 207 | 5 | 2.4 | 0.947 | 206 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 4 | 503 | 27.5 | 5.5 | 0.858 | 503 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 7 | 952 | 80 | 8.4 | 0.919 | 951 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.083 | 479 | 43 | 9.0 | 0.947 | 478 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 0.25 | 888 | 49 | 5.6 | 0.947 | 887 |
0.947 | 2.84 | 1 | 2762 | 62 | 2.2 | 0.947 | 2761 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 4 | 6644 | 120 | 1.8 | 0.858 | 643 |
0.736 | 2.21 | 7 | 8315 | 194 | 2.3 | 0.919 | 8314 |
Results
Visual Observations
Some black substance is floating on top of medium surface and further material is found at the bottom of test item loaded flasks for the loadings of 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L. Moreover, on the inner glass wall of test item loaded flasks a black ring consisting out of the substance was
observed. In vessels loaded with 1 mg/L after 14 days it cannot be clearly seen, if the material is completely dissolved, due to the low loading.
Temperature
The temperature of the thermostatically controlled room was monitored inside an extra vessel filled with ultrapure water by thermo data loggers (Testo 175-T2, Testo AG, Germany). Two data loggers were applied to have a backup in case of malfunction.
lt can be observed that the temperatures were always in the range of 21.5 ± 1.5 °C (upper limit at 23.0 °C and lower at 20.0 °C) for both data loggers in all tiers of the test.
Solution pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations
Screening test for optimum pH
At target pH 5.5 the pH value in method blanks over the 1 d were in the range of 5.43 - 5. 72. In test item loaded vessels the pH value increased from 5.48 to 7.02.
At target pH 6.0 the pH values in method blanks were in the range of 5.95 to 6.23. In test item loaded vessels the pH values increased from 6.01 to 6.92 - 6.96.
The increase of pH values in media at target pH values of 5.5 and 6.0 is probably due to the test item properties.
At target pH 8.0 the pH values in method blanks and in test item loaded samples were in the range of 7.86 - 7.92. An increase of the pH values was not observable.
In medium at target pH 8.5 the pH values in method blanks were in the range 8.36 - 8.40. In test item loaded media the pH values were in the range of 8.29 - 8.38. As for the pH 8.0 an increase of the pH was not observable.
Media pH values at target pH of 5.5, 6, 8 and 8.5 in all vessels of the one day test with loadlng of 100 mg/L (K1, K2, K3- triplicate vessels, BW - method blank): The dissolved oxygen concentration in the screening test is in accordance with the guidance document [4] of at least 70 % of 8.5 ppm = 6.0 ppm. All measured values are above 6.0 ppm.
Results of measured Mn, Ni and Co concentration in 0.2 µm filtrates from the screening test for the optimum pH for the method blanks:
Mn concentrations in method blanks in 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 0.180 | 0.022 |
6.0 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 0.167 | 0.022 |
8.0 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 0.167 | 0.022 |
8.5 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 0.205 | 0.022 |
Co concentratlons in method blanks In 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.859 | 0.000 |
6.0 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.859 | 0.000 |
8.0 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.764 | 0.165 |
8.5 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 0.859 | 0.000 |
Ni concentrations in method blanks in 1 d test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.446 | 0.000 |
6.0 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.446 | 0.000 |
8.0 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.446 | 0.000 |
8.5 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.483 | 0.064 |
The results of measured Mn, Ni and Co concentration in 0.2 µm filtrates from the screening test for the optimum pH are for test item loaded samples:
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 2 | 981 | 36 | 3.6 |
6.0 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 2 | 956 | 6 | 0.6 |
8.0 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 2 | 844 | 4 | 0.5 |
8.5 | 0.154 | 0.462 | 1 | 2 | 305 | 4 | 1.4 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 2 | 1371 | 46 | 3.3 |
6.0 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 2 | 1343 | 11 | 0.8 |
8.0 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 2 | 1165 | 11 | 0.9 |
8.5 | 0.573 | 1.72 | 1 | 2 | 495 | 7 | 1.4 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples 100 mg/L in 1d test (1. 2. 3- triplicate vessels, a, b -duplicate samples)
Target pH
| LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Dilution factor
| Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [µg/L] |
5.5 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 2 | 1472 | 49 | 3.3 |
6.0 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 2 | 1442 | 12 | 0.9 |
8.0 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 2 | 1028 | 12 | 1.2 |
8.5 | 0.446 | 1.34 | 1 | 2 | 375 | 4 | 1.0 |
Analytical measurements
According to the measured concentrations the simulated environmental water which maximizes dissolution in the 1 day test is the medium at target pH 5.5. Therefor this medium was used in full tests.
Full test
The pH values in method blank media were in the range of 5.37 - 5. 73 over 7 days of testing and 5.47 - 5.75 from day 14 to day 28.
The pH values for the loading of 1 mg/L were in the range of 5.35 (prior to test start) to 6.06 over the whole period of testing. Over the period of sampling an increase of the pH was observable with a maximum of 6.06 on day 14.
In media with a loading of 10 mg/L the pH values ranged from 5.47 to 6.25 andin media with a loading of 100 mg/L the pH value from 5.33 to 7.19. In both loadings an increase of the pH was observable as for the 1 mg/L loading.
The dissolved oxygen concentrations in vessels of the full test are in accordance with the guidance document [4] of at least 70 % of 8.5 ppm = 6.0 ppm. All measured values are above 6.0 ppm.
Mn concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.083 | 0.055 | 0.000 |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.25 | 0.068 | 0.000 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 1 | 0.135 | 0.050 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 4 | 0.113 | 0.012 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 7 | 0.113 | 0.012 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 14 | 0.166 | 0.000 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 21 | 0.180 | 0.024 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 28 | 0.166 | 0.00 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.083 | 1.46 | 0.50 | 34.4 | 0.055 | 1.40 |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.25 | 3.55 | 1.97 | 55.6 | 0.068 | 3.48 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 1 | 10.3 | 9.71 | 94.6 | 0.135 | 10.1 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 4 | 24.0 | 20.2 | 84.0 | 0.113 | 23.9 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 7 | 39.7 | 14.9 | 37.6 | 0.113 | 39.8 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 14 | 53.5 | 9.70 | 18.1 | 0.166 | 53.4 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 21 | 63.2 | 9.19 | 14.5 | 0.180 | 63.0 |
0.166 | 0.498 | 28 | 70.3 | 9.69 | 13.8 | 0.166 | 70.2 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.083 | 8.11 | 0.63 | 7.8 | 0.055 | 8.06 |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.25 | 18.8 | 0.8 | 4.4 | 0.068 | 18.8 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 1 | 33.7 | 1.9 | 5.5 | 0.135 | 33.6 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 4 | 63.0 | 8.8 | 14.0 | 0.113 | 62.8 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 7 | 103 | 27.4 | 26.7 | 0.113 | 103 |
Mn concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Mn conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Mn background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Mn conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.083 | 94.8 | 19.2 | 20.3 | 0.055 | 94.8 |
0.055 | 0.164 | 0.25 | 209 | 19 | 9.2 | 0.068 | 209 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 1 | 425 | 16 | 3.7 | 0.135 | 425 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 4 | 814 | 10 | 1.2 | 0.113 | 814 |
0.085 | 0.255 | 7 | 857 | 12 | 1.4 | 0.113 | 857 |
Co concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.083 | 0.213 | 0.051 |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.25 | 0.226 | 0.026 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 1 | 0.580 | 0.104 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 4 | 0.498 | 0.150 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 7 | 0.436 | 0.207 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 14 | 0.422 | 0.000 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 21 | 0.422 | 0.000 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 28 | 0.422 | 0.000 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.083 | 1.70 | 0.50 | 29.6 | 0.213 | 1.49 |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.25 | 4.01 | 1.95 | 48.5 | 0.226 | 3.79 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 1 | 11.8 | 9.13 | 77.4 | 0.580 | 11.2 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 4 | 27.4 | 18.2 | 66.3 | 0.498 | 26.9 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 7 | 45.2 | 12.1 | 26.7 | 0.436 | 44.7 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 14 | 61.6 | 7.17 | 11.6 | 0.422 | 61.2 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 21 | 70.7 | 6.72 | 9.5 | 0.422 | 70.3 |
0.422 | 1.26 | 28 | 78.2 | 7.36 | 9.4 | 0.422 | 77.8 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.083 | 10.6 | 0.87 | 8.2 | 0.231 | 10.4 |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.25 | 25.8 | 1.28 | 5.0 | 0.226 | 25.6 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 1 | 49.3 | 2.6 | 5.2 | 0.580 | 48.7 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 4 | 95.5 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 0.498 | 95.0 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 7 | 161 | 38 | 23.3 | 0.436 | 161 |
Co concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Co conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Co background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Co conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.083 | 133 | 24 | 17.8 | 0.231 | 133 |
0.069 | 0.208 | 0.25 | 319 | 25 | 7.9 | 0.226 | 319 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 1 | 804 | 25 | 3.2 | 0.580 | 803 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 4 | 1861 | 11 | 0.6 | 0.498 | 1861 |
0.142 | 0.427 | 7 | 2128 | 12 | 0.6 | 0.436 | 2128 |
Ni concentratlons in method blanks in 28 d full test (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples, BW - method blank).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.083 | 0.631 | 0.078 |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.25 | 0.722 | 0.078 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 1 | 0.130 | 0.000 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 4 | 0.152 | 0.037 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 7 | 0.152 | 0.019 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 14 | 0.515 | 0.112 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 21 | 0.700 | 0.296 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 28 | 0.580 | 0.000 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 28 d test with the loading of 1 mg/L with all vessels (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a, b- duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.083 | 2.64 | 0.10 | 3.9 | 0.631 | 2.01 |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.25 | 5.34 | 1.48 | 27.7 | 0.722 | 4.61 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 1 | 12.2 | 7.3 | 59.9 | 0.130 | 12.1 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 4 | 2.75 | 13.0 | 47.4 | 0.152 | 27.4 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 7 | 46.3 | 6.1 | 13.2 | 0.152 | 46.2 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 14 | 61.2 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 0.515 | 60.7 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 21 | 70.3 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 0.700 | 69.6 |
0.386 | 1.16 | 28 | 76.9 | 4.0 | 5.3 | 0.580 | 76.3 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 10 mg/L (1, 2, 3- tripllcate vessels, a, b - duplicate samples)
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.083 | 16.7 | 1.2 | 7.0 | 0.631 | 1.61 |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.25 | 35.2 | 1.6 | 4.5 | 0.722 | 34.5 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 1 | 64.8 | 2.4 | 3.7 | 0.130 | 64.7 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 4 | 127 | 11 | 8.5 | 0.152 | 124 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 7 | 218 | 55.2 | 25.3 | 0.152 | 218 |
Ni concentrations in test item loaded samples in 7 d test with the loading of 100 mg/L (1, 2, 3- triplicate vessels, a,b - duplicate samples).
LOD
[µg/L] | LOQ
[µg/L] | Sampling
[d] | Mean Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | SD Ni conc. all vessels [µg/L] | Between vessel variation [%] | Ni background conc. [µg/L] | Mean Ni conc. vessels-background corrected [µg/L] |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.083 | 194 | 23 | 11.9 | 0.631 | 194 |
0.541 | 1.62 | 0.25 | 443 | 21 | 4.6 | 0.722 | 442 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 1 | 1196 | 30 | 2.5 | 0.130 | 1196 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 4 | 3033 | 17 | 0.6 | 0.152 | 3033 |
0.130 | 0.390 | 7 | 3629 | 22 | 0.6 | 0.152 | 3629 |
Description of key information
Information obtained in a Transformation/dissolution test was used in estimate the water solubility of the substance.
Water solubility of the individual elements contained in the substance (Mn, Co and Ni) were determined (at pH 5.5, 100 mg/l loading rate and after 7 days stirring) as:
Form 1 | Form 4 | |
Mn | 857 µg/l | 193 µg/l |
Co | 2128 µg/l | 377 µg/l |
Ni | 3629 µg/l | 8314 µg/l |
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The water solubility of the substance was estimated from data obtained from a Transformation/dissolution test, which was conducted in preference to the standard ecotoxicological studies.
The Transformation/dissolution test is designed to determine the rate and extent to which metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds can produce soluble available ionic and other metal-bearing species in aqueous media under a set of standard laboratory conditions representative of those generally occurring in the environment.
Based on the chemical composition of the test material, monitoring of the individual metallic elements was considered the most scientifically correct method of analysis and calculation.
It was considered that the data relating to water solubility from this study would provide a level of information equivalent to that which would be produced from a standard water solubility study (such as EU Method A6/OECD method 105) and as such it was considered unnecessary to conduct a standard water solubility study. The transformation/dissolution test was carried out through an experimental design that follows the recommendations of the OECD guidance document on transformation/dissolution (T/D) (OECD 2001).
One day test for identification of optimum pH value that maximizes dissolution
The 1 d test was performed in test media at pH values of 5.5, 6.0, 8 and 8.5 with a loading of 100 mg/L test item each and one sampling after 1 d. This step was conducted in triplicate test item loaded vessels and triplicate method blanks at 21.5 ± 1.5 ° C to determine the pH which maximizes dissolution in the full test. "With reference to the conditions generally found in the environment a pH range of 6 to 8.5 must be used, except for the 28 day full test where the pH range of 5.5 to 8.5 should be used in order to take into consideration possible long term effects on acidic lakes".
According to the results of this test a pH of 5.5 was defined as the pH with the highest dissolution. Therefore the medium with a pH of 5.5 was used for the full test for all loadings.
Full test: pH 5.5, loading of 1 mg/L 28 days of testing.
The full test was performed in triplicate test item loaded vessels and triplicate method blanks at 21.5 ± 1.5 °C. Duplicate samples were taken after 2 h, 6 h, 1 d, 4 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21d and 28 d for the loading of 1 mg/L.
The amount of dissolved manganese, cobalt and nickel at target pH value of 5.5 was quantified by ICP-OES .
Full test: pH 5.5, loading of 10, 100 mg/L 7 days of testing.
The full test was performed in triplicate test item loaded vessels and triplicate method blanks at 21.5 ± 1.5 °C. Duplicate samples were taken after 2 h, 6 h, 1 d, 4 d, and 7 dfor the loading of 10 mg/L.
The amount of dissolved manganese, cobalt and nickel at target pH value of 5.5 was quantified by ICP-OES ..
Results
Water solubility of the individual elements contained in the substance (Mn, Co and Ni) were determined (at pH 5.5, 100 mg/l loading rate and after 7 days stirring) as:
Form 1 | Form 4 | |
Mn | 857 µg/l | 193 µg/l |
Co | 2128 µg/l | 377 µg/l |
Ni | 3629 µg/l | 8314 µg/l |
The results show that each individual component has a water solubility below 10 mg/l and therefore conclude that the substance is slightly soluble in water.
In addition the above results are a worst case scenario as the results were obtained from the test with the highest loading rate (100 mg/L) and the pH (pH 5.5) of maximum solubilisation and maximum release of the most eco-toxicological relevant metals.
Please refer to the Transformation/dissolution tests (additional ecotoxicological information) for further details on the study.
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