Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 304-059-6 | CAS number: 94233-27-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- According to hydrolysis test results, the hydrolysis rate is estimated to be within several minutes. The hydrolysis products have been identified to be 2-ethylhexnol, acetylacetone and titanium dioxide. The repeated dose toxicity of those organic parts have been well-investigated separately.
As the target substance hydrolyses rapidly (half-life < 30 minutes) the intrinsic properties are related to hydrolysis products of the target substance. This information is used as a supporting evidence on the toxicity of the target substance in CSA.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 100 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- chronic
- Species:
- rat
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- According to hydrolysis test results, the hydrolysis rate is estimated to be within several minutes. The hydrolysis products have been identified to be 2-ethylhexnol, acetylacetone and titanium dioxide. The repeated dose toxicity of those organic parts have been well-investigated separately.
As the target substance hydrolyses rapidly (half-life < 30 minutes) the intrinsic properties are related to hydrolysis products of the target substance. This information is used as a supporting evidence on the toxicity of the target substance in CSA. - Endpoint:
- sub-chronic toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- 2-ethylhexanol and pentane-2,4-dione are two main hydrolysis prodcuts of the target substance. Properties of the the two substance are used for read-across.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 413 (Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-Day Study)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 90 days.
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 hours/day, 5 days/week.
- Dose / conc.:
- 0 ppm (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 15 ppm (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 40 ppm (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 120 ppm (nominal)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Other effects:
- no effects observed
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- ca. 120 ppm
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: overall effect
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- No adverse effects were seen in this 90 day inhalation toxicity study (OECD TG 413) in male and female WIstar rats tested up to concentrations of 120 ppm (which was equivalent to saturation at 20°C according to the study authors). Thus the NOAELof this study was 120 ppm, i.e. 638.4 mg/m3.
- Executive summary:
As the target substance hydrolyses rapidly (half-life < 30 minutes) the intrinsic properties are related to hydrolysis products of the target substance. This information is used as a supporting evidence on the toxicity of the target substance in CSA.
Referenceopen allclose all
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 417 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 244 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rabbit
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
No studies were conducted on the target substance, Reaction product of Titanium tetrakis(2-ethylhexan-1-olato) and pentane-2,4-dione. As the target substance hydrolyses rapidly (half-life < 30 minutes) the intrinsic properties are related to hydrolysis products of the target substance. The hydrolysis products include 2-ethylhexanol, pentane-2,4-dione, and non-hazardous titanium dioxide. This information is used as a supporting evidence on the toxicity of the target substance in CSA.
Oral studies
2-Ethylhexanol
Long-term repeated oral studies carried out by Astill et al. (1996) were available on rats and mice. In the study with rats (Fischer 344), NOAEL of 250 mg/kg/bw/d was reported. Test animals received oral doses of 0, 50, 150 and 500 mg/kg per day EH in aqueous emulsion by gavage on 5 d/w for 90 dyas. Animals of the high dose group showed clinical signs of toxicity, increased mortality, retarded body weight gain and increased organ weights. The animals of these groups revealed congestion of the liver and lung, the males had increased incidences in prostate atrophy. In the mid dose animals, a reduced body weight gain, increased organ weights and clinical signs of toxicity were evident. (Astill, et. al. 1996)
Pentane-2,4-dione
There is one study available for repeated oral toxicity, carried out on rats (strains not specified). The reported NOAEL was 100 mg/kg/bw/d. In this study test animals were given by gavage 0, 100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg bw of test substance. Test substance was administered for 1 -15 days in 1-11 applications. In the highest dose group all animals died within 1 hour after dosing. In the 500 mg/kg bw group 3/5 animals died and 2/5 were sacrificed due to poor condition after four applications. Various substance related systemic effects were observable in this dose group such as distended bladder, congested lungs, clouding of cornea, thymic necrosis, hepatocyte swelling and congestion, nephrosis, lymphadenitis of mesenteric lymph nodes and inflammation of the heart. In the lowest dose group (100 mg/kg bw) no histopathological or gross pathological changes and no differences in weight gain, organ weights, hematology, clinical chemistry or clinical signs were evident.
(Eastman Kodak 1979, cited in UNEP SIDS, Pentane-2,4-dione)
Based on these facts, the oral NOAEL 100 mg/kg/bw/d was chosen for the target substance.
Dermal studies
2-Ethylhexanol
No endpoints such as NOAEL or LOAEL value derived in existing studies.
Bushy Run Research Centre (1988) exposed rats dermally to 0, 417 and 834 mg/kg per day EH (9 occlusive applications for 6 h each within 12 days). Females of the higher dose revealed lymphopenia and decreased spleen weight. Increased triglyceride levels were observed in all exposed females. Histopathological lesions were restricted to the site of application.
Based on the acute dermal study, LD50 tested on rabbit was > 2600 mg/kg bw. 2-ethylhexanol was classified as Catagory 5 according to GHS and therefore was regarded as low dermal toxic. (Scala, R.A. 1973).
Pentane-2,4-dione
NOAEL and LOAEL were 244 mg/kg bw/d and 975 mg/kg bw/d according to systemic effects observed.
(Ballantyne 2001, cited inUNEP SIDS, Pentane-2,4-dione)
Based on these facts, the dermal NOAEL 244 mg/kg/bw/d was chosen for the target substance.
Inhalation studies
2-Ethylhexanol
In a studied carried out according to OECD guideline 413, Wistar rats (10 per sex and group) were exposed by inhalation to 0, 15, 40 and 120 ppm (equivalent to 81, 217 and 650 mg/m3) on 5 days/week, 6 hours/day for 90 days. No signs of irritation were reported. There was no treatment-related toxicity (including peroxisome proliferation) even at the highest exposure concentration (NOAEL 120 ppm, equivalent to 650 mg/m3). (Klimisch et al., 1998).
Pentane-2,4-dione
NOAEL and LOAEL were 100 ppm (417 mg/m3) and 650 ppm (2711 mg/m3), respectively, determined in a 14 week inhalation study, conducted on 20 male and 20 female Fischer 344 rats. The test animals were exposed to 0, 100, 300 and 650 ppm (nominal conc., corresponding to 0, 417, 1217 and 2711 mg/m3) of pentane-2,4-dione vapor for 6 hour/day, 5 day/week. On histopathology, no substance related gross lesions were detectable in the organs examined in all dose groups with the exception of different regions in the brain where hemorrhage and neuronal degeneration was observable at a dose of 650 ppm.
In the 100 ppm group there were no substance related mortalities in either sex and on comparison with untreated controls no differences in clinical and urinary chemistry, hematology or after histopathological examination were detectable.
(Dodd et al. 1986, cited in UNEP SIDS, Pentane-2,4-dione)
Based on these facts, the inhalation NOAEC 417 mg/m3 was chosen for the target substance.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the NOAEL
(oral), NOAEC (inhalation) and NOAEL (dermal) of pentane-2,4-dione,
there is no need for classification of the target substance in
accordance with the criteria of CLP Regulation.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.