Reaction mass of N1-benzylpropane-1,2-diamine and N2-benzylpropane-1,2-diamine

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin corrosion: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2016-02-22 to 2016-06-02

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2016

Report date:

2016

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 431 (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Test Method)

Version / remarks:

2015

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Annex Part B, B.40Bis: “In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test”, Official Journal of the European Union No. L142, dated May 31st, 2008.

Version / remarks:

2008

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: INVITTOX Protocol No. 118; “EPISKINTM Skin Corrosivity Test” updated December 2011 / February 2012 (ECVAM Database Service on Alternative Methods to Animal Experimentation).

Version / remarks:

2012

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

N1-benzylpropane-1,2-diamine

Cas Number:

55115-91-8

Molecular formula:

C10H16N2

IUPAC Name:

N1-benzylpropane-1,2-diamine

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

N2-Benzylpropane-1,2-diamine

Cas Number:

3535-17-9

Molecular formula:

C10H16N2

IUPAC Name:

N2-Benzylpropane-1,2-diamine

Test material form:

liquid

In vitro test system

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

other: reconstructed human epidermis

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Justification for test system used:

The EPISKIN model has been validated for corrosivity testing in an international trial; it is considered to be suitable for this study (STATEMENT ON THE SCIENTIFIC VALIDITY OF THE EPISKINTM TEST (AN IN VITRO TEST FOR SKIN CORROSIVITY); ECVAM JRC Environment Institute, European Commission; Ispra; 03 April 1998).

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EpiSkinTMSM, EPISKIN SNC Lyon, France
- Supplier: SKINETHIC Laboratories; 4, rue Alexander Fleming, 69007 – LYON, France
- Tissue batch number: first experiment: 16-EKIN-013; second experiment: 16-EKIN-018
- Expiry date: 04 April 2016 / 09 May 2016
- Date of initiating testing: 31 March 2016 / 4 May 2016

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
- Volume and number of washing steps: After the incubation time, the units were removed and rinsed thoroughly with approximately 25 mL PBS 1 x solution to remove all of the test material from the epidermal surface. The rest of the PBS was removed from the epidermal surface with a suitable pipette tip linked to a vacuum source (care was taken to avoid damaging to the epidermis).
- Observable damage in the tissue due to washing: none

MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 2 mL of 0.3 mg/mL MTT
- Incubation time: 3 h
- Wavelength: 570 nm

NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 2

CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
- Killed tissues
- Procedure used to prepare the killed tissues: Water- killed epidermis preparation: Place the living epidermis in a 12 well plate with 2 mL of distilled water (replacing the culture medium). Incubate at 37 °C, 5% CO2, ≥95% humidified atmosphere for 48 hrs +/- 1 hour. At the end of the incubation, discard the water. Keep dead epidermis frozen (dry) in freezer at -18°C to -20°C (killed epidermis can be stored and used up to 6 months). Before use, the killed tissues are de-frozen at room temperature (app. 1 hour in 2 mL of maintenance medium). Further use of killed tissues is similar to living tissues.
- N. of replicates: 2
- Method of calculation used: Non specific MTT reduction calculation (NSMTT), according to guidelines.

NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION: 2

PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA:
- The test substance is considered to be corrosive to skin (Cat. 1A) if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is less than 35%.
- The test substance is considered to be corrosive to skin (Cat 1B and 1C) if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 35% AND after 60 minutes exposure smaller than 35%; or if the viability after 60 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 35% AND after 240 minutes exposure smaller than 35%.
- The test substance is considered to be non-corrosive to skin if the viability after 4 hours exposure is greater than or equal to 35%.
- Justification for the selection of the cut-off point: The cut-off value of 35 % and classification method was validated in an international validation of this kit (Fentem, 1998). The prediction model corresponds to the methods agreed by EU regulatory agencies in line with OECD 431 (OECD, 2015).

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent MTT non-specific colour control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 50 µL

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 50 µL
- Concentration: 9 g/L

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount applied: 50 µL

Duration of treatment / exposure:

first experiment: 4 hours
second experiment: 4 hours, 1 hour, 3 minutes

Number of replicates:

2

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Results 1

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

1 (exposure: 4 h)

Value:

5

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Results 2

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

2 (exposure: 4 h)

Value:

5

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Results 3

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

2 (exposure: 1 h)

Value:

37

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Results 4

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

2 (exposure: 3 min)

Value:

96

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: no
- Direct-MTT reduction: yes. During the check-method for possible direct MTT reduction, colour change was observed after three hours of incubation. The test item interacted with the MTT, therefore additional controls and data calculations were necessary. The non-specific MTT reduction (NSMTT) was determined to be 11.344 %. in first experiment and was determined to be 22.499 % at 4 hours exposure, 45.701 % at 1 hour exposure and 6.422 % at 3 minutes exposure in the additional experiment. As the NSMTT were below 50 % the true MTT metabolic conversion in all occasions and the correction of viability percentages were undertaken.
- Colour interference with MTT: no. The test item showed no ability to become coloured in contact with water therefore additional controls and data calculations were not necessary. A false estimation of viability can be excluded.

ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: The mean OD value of the two negative control tissues was in the first experiment: 0.891 and in the second experiment: 1.455 at 4 hours exposure, 1.406 at 1 hour exposure and 1.446 at 3 minutes exposure.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: The positive control result showed in the first experiment 0 % viability, in the second experiment 2 % viability.
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: first experiment: The difference of viability between the two tissue replicates: 0% to 4%; second experiment: The difference of viability between the two tissue replicates: 0% to 14%.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

In this in vitro skin corrosion test using the EPISKIN model with the test item the results indicate that the test item is corrosive to skin after 4 hours exposure and not corrosive after 1 hour and 3 min exposure. According to the UN GHS classification systems, the test item has been categorized as “Corrosive: Optional Sub- categories 1B and 1C”.

Executive summary:

The purpose of this study was to determine the skin corrosion potential of the test item on reconstituted human epidermis in the EPISKIN model in vitro. According to the results of the first experiment the test item was corrosive after 4 hours exposition, so the additional experiment was necessary with more exposure times (testing at 3 minutes and 1 hour). In this case, the 4 hour procedure was repeated during the additional experiment, but with an additional 3 minute and 1 hour exposure period. Disks of EPISKIN (two units) were treated with test item and incubated for 4 hours at room temperature on March 31, 2016 (first experiment). Furthermore, disks of EPISKIN (two units / exposure time) were treated with test item and incubated for 4 hours, 1 hour and 3 min at room temperature on May 04, 2016 (additional experiment). Exposure of test material was terminated by rinsing with PBS 1x solution. The viability of each disk was assessed by incubating the tissues for 3 hours with MTT solution at 37°C in 5% CO2 protected from light. The formazan precipitated was then extracted using acidified isopropanol and quantified spectrophotometrically. The test item is a possible MTT-reducer, therefore additional controls (test item treated killed tissues and negative control treated killed tissues) were used to detect and correct for test substance interference with the viability measurement. NaCl (9 g/L saline) and glacial acetic acid treated epidermis were used as negative and positive controls respectively. For each treated tissue, viability was expressed as a % relative to negative control. The test item is considered to be non-corrosive to skin, if the mean relative viability after 4 hours of exposure is above or equal 35 % of the negative control. The test item showed significantly reduced cell viability (below 35 %) in comparison to the negative control after 4 hours of exposure in both experiments. In the first experiment (March 31, 2016) the average test item treated tissue viability (corrected value) was 5% and in the additional experiment (May 04, 2016) it was 5% at 4 hours of exposure. In the additional experiment the test item treated tissue viabilities (corrected value) were above 35 % of the mean negative control value after 1 hour and 3 min of exposure. The average test item treated tissue viabilities (corrected value) were 37 % at 1 hour and 96 % at 3 minutes of exposure. Positive and negative controls showed the expected cell viability values within acceptable limits. The experiment was considered to be valid.