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EC number: 217-703-5 | CAS number: 1934-75-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- No information on dose range is given.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Reference
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- Method similar to guideline, but test period was 24 h instead of 72 h. No dose range is given.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 8692 (Water Quality - Fresh Water Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Version / remarks:
- According to Matzke et al. (2007) and Faust et al. (2001), the sensitivity of this test system in terms of EC50 values is comparable to the standardised 72 h test (ISO Guideline 8692, Water Quality – Fresh water algal growth inhibition test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum, 1989)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- algae were exposed to the test substances for one growth cycle (24 h)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Published data from a scientific study, but not from a testing laboratory.
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Provider: Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany)
- Purity: > 97 % - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Due to the high water solubility of the test substance (265.0 g/L), it is assumed that the substance may have been dissolved directly in the test medium without the use of a vehicle.
- Test organisms (species):
- Chlorella fusca
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Scenedesmus vacuolatus, formerly Chlorella fusca var. vacuolata
- Strain: strain 211–15
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAG (Culture Collection of algae), Universität Göttingen, Göttingen
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): autospores (young algal cells at the beginning of the growth cycle)
- Method of cultivation: The stock culture was grown under photo-autotrophical conditions at 28 °C (± 0.5 °C) in an inorganic, sterilized medium (pH 6.4) with saturating white light (intensity of 22 to 33 kilolux) (Lumilux Daylight L 36 W-11 and Lumilux Interna L 36 W-41, Osram, Berlin, Germany). Cells were aerated with 1.5 vol % CO2 and synchronised by using a 14 h light and 10 h darkness cycle.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not reported
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): culturing media were aerated with 1.5 vol % CO2. Test media were not aerated but supplemented with 150 µl of NaHCO3 solution in each test tube.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: none described - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: inorganic, sterilized medium (pH 6.4)
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- According to Matzke et al. (2007) and Faust et al. (2001), the sensitivity of this test system in terms of EC50 values is comparable to the standardised 72 h test.
- Post exposure observation period:
- not reported
- Hardness:
- not specified
- Test temperature:
- 28 °C (± 0.5 °C)
- pH:
- pH 6.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- not specified
- Salinity:
- not specified
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- not specified
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: the tests were performed in sterilized glass tubes. The algae were stirred over the whole test period.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 20 mL Pyrex tubes sealed with caps containing a gas tight Teflon membrane
- Aeration: not aerated but supplemented with 150 µl of NaHCO3 solution to give a final concentration of 1.5 mmol/L.
- Initial cells density: 7.50E+04 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: according to the method described by Faust et al. (2001), the cell number increased by an average factor of 12 in untreated controls
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: not specified; only information given by the authors is: “inorganic, sterilized medium (pH 6.4)”.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium different from test medium: culturing media were aerated with 1.5 vol % CO2. Test media were not aerated but supplemented with 150 µl of NaHCO3 solution.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: Increase of pH during the test, caused by the assimilation of NO3−, did not exceed 0.2 U according to Faust et al. (2001).
- Photoperiod: 14 h light and 10 h darkness
- Light intensity and quality: saturating white light (intensity of 22 to 33 kilolux) (Lumilux Daylight L 36 W-11 and Lumilux Interna L 36 W-41, Osram, Berlin, Germany).
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- Determination of cell concentrations: all cell numbers (stock culture and test) were determined with the Coulter Counter Z2 (Beckmann, Nürnberg, Germany)
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: no information on test concentrations given - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- The test substance was compared to four other alkali salts of ionic liquid anions exhibiting different EC50 levels. Amongst these, K[B(CN)4] and K[(C2F5)3PF]3 showed distinct ecotoxicity.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 20 000 µmol/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 780 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): not determined; experimental duration was 24 h
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: not reported
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: not reported - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - The test substance was compared to four other alkali salts of ionic liquid anions exhibiting different EC50 levels. Amongst these, K[(C2F5)3PF]3 showed distinct ecotoxic properties.
- EC50 of K[(C2F5)3PF]3 was 0.40 µmol/L under these experimental conditions.
- The results with K[(C2F5)3PF]3 as a reference substance are considered valid. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- not specified
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a 24 h algal growth inhibition test using Scenedesmus vacuolatus, the EC50 of the test substance was > 20000 µM.
- Executive summary:
In a 24-hour acute toxicity study, the cultures of Scenedesmus vacuolatus, formerly Chlorella fusca var. vacuolata, strain 211-15 (SAG) were exposed to sodium dicyanoamide at nominal concentrations up to 20000 µmol/L under static conditions similar to guideline ISO 8692. The EC50value based on cell growth was determined to be higher than 20000 µM. Compound related phytotoxic effects were not described.
This toxicity study is regarded as acceptable for classification besides deviations from guideline regarding exposure period (24 instead of 72 h) and lacking information on dose range. The EC50is > 20000 µM or 1780 mg/L. According to this study, sodium dicyanoamide does not meet criteria for GHS classification.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism: limnic green algae, Scenedesmus vacuolatus strain 211-15 (SAG)
Test Type: Static
24 hr EC50> 20000 µM
- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): not determined; experimental duration was 24 h
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: not reported
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: not reported
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- (Eco)toxicity of fluoro-organic and cyano-based ionic liquid anions
- Author:
- Steudte S, Stepnowski P, Cho C, Thöming J, Stolte S
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 9382–9384
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- A commercially available test kit has been used. The manufacturer states that the "Daphtoxkit microbiotest strictly adheres to the protocols for regulatory testing with Daphnias prescribed by international organizations (e.g. ISO standard 6341 and OECD Guideline 202)".
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- Version / remarks:
- A commercially available test kit has been used. The manufacturer states that the Daphtoxkit microbiotest strictly adheres to the protocols for regulatory testing with Daphnias prescribed by international organizations (e.g. ISO standard 6341 and OECD Guideline 202).
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Published data from a scientific study, but not from a testing laboratory.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium dicyanoamide
- EC Number:
- 217-703-5
- EC Name:
- Sodium dicyanoamide
- Cas Number:
- 1934-75-4
- Molecular formula:
- C2HN3.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium dicyanamide
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- Published data or data from handbook.
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Provider: Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany)
- Purity: > 97 %
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Due to the high water solubility of the test substance (265.0 g/L), it is assumed that the substance may have been dissolved directly in the test medium without the use of a vehicle.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: water flea
- Strain/clone: not specified; ephippia were provided by the manufacturer of the assay kit
- Source: not specified; ephippia were provided by the manufacturer of the assay kit
- Feeding during test: animals were pre-fed
- Food type: not specified
- Age at the start of the experiment: neonates less than 24 hours old
Study design
- Test type:
- other: commercially available Daphtoxkit F (MicroBioTest Incorporation, Gent, Belgium)
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Remarks:
- reconstituted natural freshwater as recommended for the acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna (ISO 6341).
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Scoring was carried out after 24h and 48h incubation.
- Post exposure observation period:
- not reported
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- not reported
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- not reported
- Dissolved oxygen:
- not reported
- Salinity:
- not reported
- Conductivity:
- not reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- not reported
- Details on test conditions:
- The authors claim that the test was carried out according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the commercially available assay kit.
TEST SYSTEM
- Fill volume: 10 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 5
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted natural freshwater according to ISO 6341.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobilisation
RANGE-FINDING STUDY: not reported - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- The sensitivity of the organisms to K2Cr207 was checked routinely once a new batch of organisms was obtained. In addition, the test substance was compared to alkali salts of ionic liquid anions where K[(C2F5)3PF]3 showed distinct ecotoxic properties.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 570 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 6 400 µmol/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- None described.
Values from 24 h observations are not given. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Data on K2Cr2O7 are not provided.
- EC50 of K[(C2F5)3PF]3 was 0.93 µmol/L under these experimental conditions.
- The results with K[(C2F5)3PF]3 as a reference substance are considered valid. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- not described
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a 48 h acute immobilisation test using Daphnia magna, the EC50 of the test substance was determined to be 6400 µmol/L or 570 mg/L, respectively.
- Executive summary:
The 48 hr acute toxicity of sodium dicyanoamide to Daphnia magna was studied using a commercially available assay kit. The manufacturer states that the assay kit method is in accordance with various guidelines such as OECD 202.
Daphnids were exposed to controls and test chemical at 5 different concentrations for 48 hr. Exact concentrations are not reported. The 48 hour EC50 was 6400 µmol/L or 570 mg/L, respectively.
Based on the results of this study, sodium dicyanamide would be classified as not harmful to Daphnia magna. This toxicity study is regarded as acceptable for an acute toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates besides lacking information on dose range.
Results Synopsis:
Test Organism Age: neonates less than 24 hours old
EC50: 6400 µmol/L or 570 mg/L
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