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EC number: 201-029-3 | CAS number: 77-47-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1982
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Effects of inhalation exposure to hexachlorocyclopentadiene on rats and monkeys
- Author:
- Rand GM, Nees PO, Calo CJ, Alexander DJ, Clark GC
- Year:
- 1 982
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 9:5-6, 743-760
- Report date:
- 1982
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
- EC Number:
- 201-029-3
- EC Name:
- Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
- Cas Number:
- 77-47-4
- Molecular formula:
- C5Cl6
- IUPAC Name:
- hexachlorocyclopentadiene
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, Kent, UK
- Weight at study initiation: 200-300 g
- Fasting period before study: 16 hours before blood sampling
- Housing: before exposure rats were housed in stainless steel cages
- Diet: standard laboratory food (Spratt's Lab Diet no. 1) available at all times except during inhalation exposure, during urine sample collection, and for approx 16 hrs before blood sampling
- Water: tap water available at all times except during inhalation exposure, during urine sample collection, and for approx 16 hrs before blood sampling
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 20-25 °C
- Photoperiod: 12 h light and dark cycle
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: rats were exposed in stainless steel and glass chambers
- Exposure chamber volume: 1 m^3
- Source and rate of air: A diffusion tube was charged with a known amount of Hexachlorocyclopentadiene. Dry, filtered, compressed air flowing across the diffusion tube in an oven picked up the compound vapors and then was directed into the exposure chamber inlet. Generator flow rate was 10 L/min and chamber flow rate was 40 L/min.
- Method of conditioning air: Exposure concentrations were controlled by a combination of oven temperature, flow rate of concentrated Hex vapors, and chamber airflow rate.
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Exposure concentrations were monitored continuously with a total hydrocarbon analyser or by charcoal adsorption with subsequent analysis by flame ionisation detection (FID) GC. - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 0.28 ppm, 1.4 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 3.1 ppm, 3.3 ppm, 3.4 ppm, 4.0 ppm, 5.8 ppm
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Animals were weighed before and after exposure and signs of toxicity were recorded daily.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: signs of toxicity, body weight - Statistics:
- Calculated LC50s and 95% confidence limits were determined by methods of Bliss (1938).
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 1.6 ppm
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- 0.6
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Key result
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 3.5 ppm
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- 2.1
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 0.018 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 0.04 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- Mortality data indicated a biphasic toxic response at the intermediate exposure levels. The first phase consisted of the exposure period and the following 48 hours, with most deaths occurring around the first day after exposure. The second phase consisted of postexposure days 7-14, during which period deaths were evenly distributed. Mortality was highest in males.
- Clinical signs:
- other: At test concentrations of 1.4 ppm and above some degree of sedation was exhibited by all animals, while at the highest dose of 5.8 ppm most animals showed lacrimation, salivation, and ataxia.
- Body weight:
- Male and female rats in the group exposed to the lowest concentration (0.28 ppm) gained weight throughout the experiment. Rats in all other test groups (1.4 - 5.8 ppm) lost weight over the 14 day observation period.
- Gross pathology:
- No grossly observable pathological changes in animals exposed to 0.28 ppm. Animals surviving exposure to 1.4 ppm or greater exhibited significant pulmonary abnormalities, characterised by red focal or diffuse consolidation that progressed to severe generalised hemorrhage and hepatization. Severity increased with exposure concentration. Some animals exposed to 5.8 ppm also exhibited rhinorrheas and mottling of the liver.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table showing acute LC50 mortality data for rats exposed to Hexachlorocyclopentadiene concentrations
Hex concentration (ppm) | Sex | Number of dead rats on postexposure days of LC50 | |||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | Total | ||
0.28 | m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
1.4 | m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
2.5 | m | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
3.1 | m | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | |
3.3 | m | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
3.4 | m | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
f | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
4.0 | m | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
f | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | |
5.8 | m | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
f | 1 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | |
Total | m | 4 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 52 |
f | 1 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 29 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- This acute inhalation toxicity study indicated that male rats are more sensitive than female rats to Hexachlorocyclopentadiene exposure, and observed biphasic mortality. The study found the 4 hour LC50 and 95% confidence limits to be 1.6 ± 0.6 ppm for male rats and 3.5 ± 2.1 for females.
- Executive summary:
The acute inhalation toxicity of hexachlorocyclopentadiene to Sprague-Dawley rats was determined using a procedure similar to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals 403, with acceptable restrictions. The study was non GLP compliant and assessed as having a Klimisch score of 2. Eight groups consisting of 10 male and 10 female rats were exposed to different vapour concentrations of the test substance, and mortality, body weight and signs of toxicity were observed over 14 days. The study found male rats to have greater sensitivity to the test substance than female rats, and determined the 4 hour LC50 and 95% confidence limits to be 1.6 ± 0.6 ppm (males) and 3.5 ± 2.1 (females). This meets the GHS criteria for classification as acute inhalation toxicity hazard Category 1.
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