Oxidation products of D-Glucose with nitric acid, sodium salts

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

February to March 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Chemical analysis was performed in a non-GLP laboratory

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Chemical analysis was performed in a non-GLP laboratory

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Source and lot/batch No. of test material: Rivertop Renewables, lot number BL04R1D1EA
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: February 1, 2018
- Purity test date: Purity - 52.9%
- Water solubility: Soluble in water
- Physical state - Brown liquid

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Remarks:

Chemical analysis was performed at a non-GLP facility.

Details on sampling:

Duplicate samples, approximately 10 to 15 mL from each replicate test or control vessel, were taken for analysis at the start (0 hours) and end (48 hours) of the exposure period. Samples were kept cool after sampling and were transferred to the analytical laboratory within 24 hours of sampling.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

All solutions of the test item were corrected for % solids (ie 52.9% by weight in water). 1.8904 g of test material was weighed into a 500 mL volumetric flask and made up to volume with laboratory dilution water.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna Straus
- Strain/clone: Not stated
- Source: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), continuous culture since 1988
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD):
- Feeding during test: not applicable
- Age at testing: <24 hour old neonates

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:not applicable
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not):
- Type and amount of food:
- Feeding frequency: daily with algae and proprietary Trout Chow.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

200 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

21.0 degrees centrigrade

pH:

Ranged between 8.3 and 8.5

Dissolved oxygen:

Ranged between 7.3 and 8.8 mg/L

Salinity:

Not applicable

Conductivity:

Ranged between 499 and 1743 umhos/cm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal exposure concentrations, 0 (control) and 2000 mg/L.
Measured concentration expressed as mean measured concentration, 0 (control) and 1480 mg/L.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass beakers
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 75 mL of test solution per vessel
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 15 mL per organism

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Laboratory well water
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: 0 and 48 hours

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light, 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 400 to 800 lux

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobility, 24 and 48 hours

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Sodium chloride - 20 historical values presented

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 480 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Immobility after 48 hours was 5% in the 1480 mg/L treatment. The 48 hour EC50 of D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts to Daphnia magna was observed to be >1480 mg/L.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Results are presented for sodium chloride and include 20 historical values.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

48 hour EC50 was determined based on observation of the data.

Analytical results

 

Nominal concentration (mg/L)	Measured concentration (mg/L)		Average time weighted mean measured concentration (mg/L)
	0 hours (new)	48 hours (old)
Control	<MDL	<MDL	0
Control	<MDL	<MDL
2000	1439.8^1	1536.0^1	1480
2000	1442.0	1502.4

MDL = Method detection limit = 8 mg/L
¹= average of duplicate analysis, relative percent difference <0.2%

Immobility results

 

Mean measured conc. (mg ai/L)	Cumulative % immobility
	0 hours	24 hours	48 hours
Control a	0	0	0
Control b	0	0	0
Control c	0	0	0
Control d	0	0	0
1480 a	0	0	0
1480 b	0	0	0
1480 c	0	0	0
1480 d	0	0	5

 

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the reported information an acceptable assessment of acute toxicity to Daphnia magna was achieved. Immobility after 48 hours was 5% in the 1480 mg/L treatment. The 48 hour EC50 of D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts to Daphnia magna was observed to be >1480 mg/L.

Executive summary:

The effects of D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts to Daphnia magna were determined in a 48 hour static study. The study was carried out according to OECD guideline 202. In this study Daphnia magna were exposed to D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts over a test period of 48 hours in a limit study. Nominal concentrations were 0 (control) and 2000 mg/L, corresponding arithmetic mean measured concentrations were 0 and 1480 mg/L. After 48 hours there was 5% immobility in the 1480 mg/L treatment, the 48 hour EC50 was therefore observed to be >1480 mg/L based on the mean measured concentration.  

Description of key information

The effects of D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts to Daphnia magna were determined in a 48 hour static study. The study was carried out according to OECD guideline 202. In this study Daphnia magna were exposed to D-Glucose, reaction products with nitric acid and sodium nitrite (1:1), sodium salts over a test period of 48 hours in a limit study. Nominal concentrations were 0 (control) and 2000 mg/L, corresponding arithmetic mean measured concentrations were 0 and 1480 mg/L. After 48 hours there was 5% immobility in the 1480 mg/L treatment, the 48 hour EC50 was therefore observed to be >1480 mg/L based on the mean measured concentration.  

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

1 480 mg/L