2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: 2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diol (Chloral hydrate)
- Molecular formula: C2-H3-Cl3-O2
- Molecular weight: 165.4026g/mol
- Smiles notation: C(C(O)O)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
- InChl: RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The test substance was soluble in water, therefore, the stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 gm of the test substance in 1 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system then the Stock solution was used for achieving test concentrations of 6.25 mg/L, 12.5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L & 100 mg/L, respectively.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

Zebra Fish (Danio rerio)
Duration of housing: 15 days
Photoperiod: 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness
Oxygen content: 8.4 (mg/l)
pH: 8.4
Water temperature: 27.8 °C
Mortality (%): During last 14 days = 0 %
Diet: Standard brand feed, once daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

53.75 (mg of CaCO3)

Test temperature:

27.8 °C

pH:

7.1

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4 (mg/l)

Salinity:

No data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

Photoperiod: 12 hours light and 12-hour darkness
Volume of water: 2 liters
No. of animals per vessel: 8 fishes
Test temperature: 23.7-24.7°C
Adaptation: Test conditions corresponded to housing conditions
Test dates: Test started at : 26/10/2015
Test item exposure at: 03/11/2015
Date of experimental termination: 07/11/2015
Withdrawal of food : 1 day before and during exposure
Aeration: Aeration in test vessels was provided 1 day before the start of experiment

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

A 96 h study was conducted for CAS No. 302-17-0 on Zebra fish (Denio rario), at a test concentrations of 6.25 mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L. The fishes were moving slowly as compared to control. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria.
LC0 (96 hours) (highest loading at which no mortality was observed) = 100 mg/L
LC50 (96 hours) Experimental = > 100 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal Concentrations [LC-50 (96 h)] for CAS No. 302-17-0 on Zebra Fish (Denio rario) was found to be > 100 mg/L.

Executive summary:

Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol. The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 6.25 mg/L, 12.5mg/L,25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L and Zebra Fishes (Denio rario) were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The lethal concentrations i.e. LC50 value was determined to be > 100mg/L.

This value indicates that the substance 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol (Chloral hydrate) is not toxic to fish and hence considered as Not classified as per CLP classification criteria.

Description of key information

Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal Concentrations [LC-50 (96 h)] for CAS No. 302-17-0 on Zebra Fish (Denio rario) was found to be > 100 mg/L.  

This value indicates that the substance 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol (Chloral hydrate) is not toxic to fish and hence considered as Not classified as per CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

Two different experimental studies were reviewed for short term toxicity to fish for the test substance 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol (Chloral hydrate). The same is presented below as key and supporting studies:

In key study, Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol. The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 6.25 mg/L, 12.5mg/L,25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L and Zebra Fishes (Denio rario) were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The lethal concentrations i.e. LC50 value was determined to be > 100mg/L.

While in supporting study obtained from J-check database, the lethal concentration (LC50) value of Chloral hydrate in fish (Oryzias latipes) in a 96 hr study on mortality effect was found to be >96 mg/L. Therefore the LC50 may be considered greater than 100 mg/L for Chloral hydrate. Also this chemical has a harmonized classification that does not indicate the chemical to cause aquatic toxicity.

Hence considering the key study value and harmonized classification, the substance 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol (Chloral hydrate) is concluded to be not toxic to fish and hence considered as Not classified as per CLP classification criteria.