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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 262-134-8 | CAS number: 60270-33-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 1.16 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
- PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):
- 11.6 µg/L
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.116 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 1.081 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 41 µg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 4.1 µg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 7.52 µg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
Ecotoxicity studies with DIMAPDO did not show acute toxicity values < 1 mg/L.
short-term toxicity to aquatic organisms
Fish: LC50(96 h) = 5.54 mg/L
Invertebrate: EC50(48 h) = 1.16 mg/L
Algae or aquatic plants: ErC50= 1.73 mg/L
Biodegradation in water: Readily biodegradable
logKow: 2.85 (calculated)
Relevant data used for calculation of PNECs
All available aquatic toxicity studies were performed with DIMAPDO lactate. DIMAPDO lactate is an ionic chemical compound that dissociates in water under neutral pH conditions almost entirely into DIMAPDO and lactate. This is supported by the observation that at the start of the exposures the test solutions were usually clear and but within the first 24 hours the test solutions became cloudy dispersed solutions. DIMAPDO lactate with its good water solubility dissociates over time into the highly soluble lactate and the only slightly soluble DIMAPDO that forms small micelles in aqueous solutions. Therefore aquatic organisms are mainly exposed to DIMAPDO and lactate and not to DIMAPDO lactate.
Lactate is a normal metabolic intermediate produced and needed by most mammalian cells and micro-organisms and has a low aquatic toxicity (registered substances databank ECHA website). Therefore all toxic effects seen can be attributed to DIMAPDO.
Bowmer et al. published in 1998 a study where they compared the ecotoxicity of lactic acid and its alkyl esters experimentally with the micro alga Selenastrum capricornutum, the crustacean Daphnia magna and the fish species Danio rerio and Pimephales promelas. The results presented indicate that alkyl lactate esters show some differences in their ecotoxicity when compared to non polar narcotic compounds but that these differences are generally small. For example for octyl lactate the EbC50 for algae (72-96h) was 7.6 mg/L, the daphnia EC50 (48 h) was 41 mg/L and the fish LC50 (96 h) was 24 mg/L. These values are relatively similar to the values of octanol with an EbC50 for algae (72-96h) of 14.6 mg/L, a daphnia EC50 (48 h) of 31.8 mg/L and a fish LC50 (96 h) of 14 mg/L (registered substances database ECHA website).
CONCLUSION:
Therefore under environmental conditions it is toxicologically not relevant if DIMAPDO or DIMAPDO lactate are introduced in an aquatic medium.
References:
C.T. Bowmer, R.N. Hooftman, A.O. Hanstveit, P.W.M. Venderbosch & N. van der Hoeven. The ecotoxicity and the biodegradability of lactic acid, alkyl lactate esters and lactate salts. Chemosphere, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 1317-1333, 1998
Conclusion on classification
The most sensitive organism to DIMAPDO was Daphnia magna. Thus, the lowest acute toxicity value is the 48 h EC50 to Daphnia magna of 1.16 mg/L. This value is used for the calculation of PNECs.
Based on the 72 h NOEC of 0.36 mg/L for algae, its readily biodegradability and low potential for bioaccumulation (log Kow < 3) DIMAPDO has to be classified as Aquatic Chronic 3 in accordance with CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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