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EC number: 274-778-7 | CAS number: 70693-62-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to birds
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2007-02-23 - 2007-04-27
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The study was terminated ahead the schedule and no reliable results could be derived (see results). However, with respect to the characteristics of the test item and due to animal welfare concerns, it seems to be not possible to perform a reliable dietary study in birds. The study was therefore not repeated.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 205 (Avian Dietary Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see under "Principles of method if other than guideline"
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.2100 (Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1996
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see under "Principles of method if other than guideline"
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.2200 (Avian Dietary Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see under "Principles of method if other than guideline"
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study was terminated after one day due to animal welfare concerns. An acidic solution (pH~1) was created when KMPS triple salt was dissolved in deionized water, which is below the normal pH range of the digestive tract of birds, leading to acidic burns in the upper digestive tract. The dosing solutions were therefore buffered, however, KMPS triple salt could not be maintained in the dosing solution.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Dose method:
- gavage
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and analysis of diet:
- Each dosing solution was sampled at 15 seconds intervals while solution was mixed. Three samples were taken from each concentration. Samples were processed immediately.
Samples were analysed using titration method. Concentrations were quantified by iodometric titration using 0.001N sodium thiosulphate solution. - Test organisms (species):
- Colinus virginianus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Species/strain: Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)
- Source: Wildlife international production flock
- Age at test initiation: hatchlings, 14 days old
- Weight at test initiation: 28 – 35 g
- Sexes used: sexually immature
- Breeding population: pen-reared - Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration (if not single dose):
- 1 d
- Remarks:
- test was terminated due to animal welfare concerns and instability of test substance in diet
- Post exposure observation period:
- not indicated
- No. of animals per sex per dose and/or stage:
- not indicated
- Control animals:
- yes
- Nominal and measured doses / concentrations:
- Nominal: 356, 633, 1124, 2000, 3556 mg KMPS triple salt/ kg bw, corresponding to 16.0, 28.5, 50.6, 90.0, 160 mg KHSO5/mL
Measured: 0.1, 4.8, 16.4, 10.6, 1.63 mg KHSO5/mL - Details on test conditions:
- ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days of acclimatisation from day of hatch until test initiation
PEN SIZE AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
- Description: Indoor in batteries of thermostatically controlled brooding pens with floor space measuring 72 x 90 cm, height of 23 cm. Walls, ceilings and floors made if wire mesh and/or galvanised sheeting
NO. OF BIRDS PER PEN: 5
NO. OF BIRDS PER REPLICATE
- For control: 30
- For treated: 10
NO. OF REPLICATES PER DOSAGE LEVEL: 2
TEST CONDITIONS (range, mean, SD as applicable)
- Temperature:
- Brooder temperature: 39°C
- Awerage ambient room temperature: 27.5±0.9°C
- Relative humidity: 22±2%
- Photoperiod: 16 h light
- Ventilation: 15 room air volumes every hour, air was replaced with fresh air
- Shielding: Not reported
DIET DURING TEST: game bird ration, water soluble vitamin mix, water
DOSING VOLUME PER APPLICATION: 10 mL dosage volume / kg bw - Details on examinations and observations:
- Frequency, duration and method of animal monitoring after dosing:
Daily observations during acclimatisation, following dosing three observations, once prior to test termination.
Due to lack of mortality no gross necropsy was performed.
Time and intervals of body weight determination:
Test initiation - Details on reproductive parameters:
- not indicated
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable
- Mortality and sub-lethal effects:
- No mortality was observed
- Effects on reproduction:
- Not applicable
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Further details on results:
- Body weight was not reported.
Feed consumption was not reported. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No statistics was performed, as test was completed ahead of schedule.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The study was terminated ahead the schedule and no LC50 could be calculated (see results).
The toxicity of KMPS triple salt towards the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) was evaluated in a study according to US EPA guidelines 850.2100 and 850.2200 and according to OECD 205. Due to the instability of the test substance, oral gavages were selected as exposure route. The study was terminated ahead schedule. - Executive summary:
Materials and methods
The toxicity of KMPS triple salt towards the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) was evaluated in a study according to US EPA guidelines 850.2100 and 850.2200 and according to OECD 205. Due to the instability of the test substance, oral gavages were selected as exposure route. The study was terminated ahead schedule.
Results and discussion
The dietary LC50 study for Northern Bobwhite exposed to KMPS triple salt was terminated after 1 day of exposure. When dissolved in deionised water to prepare dosing solutions, KMPS triple salt creates an acidic solution, below the normal pH range of the digestive tract of birds. Animal welfare concern prohibited the dosing of an acidic solution that would be certain to cause acid burns in the upper digestive tract. Therefore, the dosing solutions were buffered prior dosing. Subsequent analysis revealed that with buffering KMPS could not be maintained in solutions. The study was therefore terminated.
LD50 : was not calculated due to lack of mortality
Reference
NA
Description of key information
The acute toxicity to birds of KMPS triple salt was investigated in an Avian dietary toxicity test according to the OECD Guideline 205. The study was terminated after 1 day of exposure.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Toxicity to birds
The dietary LC50 study for Northern Bobwhite exposed to KMPS triple salt was terminated after 1 day of exposure. When dissolved in deionised water to prepare dosing solutions, KMPS triple salt creates an acidic solution, below the normal pH range of the digestive tract of birds. Animal welfare concern prohibited the dosing of an acidic solution that would be certain to cause acid burns in the upper digestive tract. Therefore, the dosing solutions were buffered prior dosing. Subsequent analysis revealed that with buffering KMPS triple salt could not be maintained in solutions. The study was therefore terminated.
Data Waiver: Toxicity to birds
In accordance to section 9.6.1, column 2 of Annex X, reproductive toxicity test to birds does not need to be conducted as a mammalian dataset is available (see toxicological studies) In addition direct and indirect exposure of the soil compartment is unlikely. The substance has no high potential to adsorb to soil and is not very persistent. According to the available information of the toxicity test to Eisenia fetida, no toxicity effect could be observed (LC50 > 1000 mg KMPS triple salt/ L). This result shows that KMPS triple salt has a very low acute toxicity to earthworms (IUCLID section 6.3.1). As there are no other indications of concern for the terrestrial compartment, further testing to terrestrial arthropods is considered to be scientifically not justified.
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