Phthalic anhydride

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

fish early-life stage toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 210 (Fish, Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

phthalic anhydride, purity >= 98 % (FA Merck)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

solvent: DMSO < 100 µl/l
test concentration: 5 - 7, a solvent and blank control; range between the concentrations
was 3.2

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

60 d

Test temperature:

10 +/- 1 °C

Duration:

60 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

32 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: total embryotoxicity

Duration:

60 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: any effects: mortality, lengh, weight, embryotoxicity

Details on results:

Geometric series of 7 test concentrations using a factor of 3.2 was used. With a factor of 3.2 the next lowest concentration is 10 mg/l which
corresponds to the no effect concentration (NOEC) of 10 mg/l.

RS-Freetext:
EC50 (Total Embryotoxicity): 44.1 mg/l
LC50                       : 44.2 mg/l
LOEC (mortality):              32 mg/l
LOEC (total embryotoxicity):   32 mg/l
LOEC (length):                 32 mg/l
LOEC (weight):                 32 mg/l

LOEC: The lowest concentration which differed significantly from the  control. 

Geometric series of 7 test concentrations using a factor of 3.2 was used.
  With a factor of 3.2 the next lowest concentration is 10 mg/l which  
corresponds to the no effect concentration (NOEC) of 10 mg/l.

RS-Freetext:
The LC50 and 95 % confidence limits were determined according to 
Kooyman  (1981)*. Concentrations affecting survival with more than 50 % were  excluded from the statistical analyses. The Bartlett test was used to  test the data for homogeneity of variances. Differences were considered  significant at alpha < 0.01.


* Kooyman SALM (1981). Parametric analyses of mortality rates in  
bioassays. Water Res. 15, 107-119.

Executive summary:

A chronic toxicity test of phthalic anhydride to fish was performed with Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmo gairdneri) according to the OECD Guideline Draft "Early Life Stage". After 60 days an effective LOEC of 32 mg/l was determined. Geometric series of 7 test concentrations using a factor of 3.2 were used. With a factor of 3.2 the next lowest concentration is 10 mg/l which corresponds to the no effect concentration (NOEC). Not only mortality but also other endpoints like total embryotoxicity were tested (Van Leeuwen, 1990).

Description of key information

Concerning long-term toxicity of phthalic anhydride to fish, an early life stage toxicity test according to the Draft Guideline OECD 210 was carried out in buffered medium using Salmo gairdneri (new name: Oncorhynchus mykiss) as test species. A NOEC of 10 mg/l was derived from the test results (Van Leeuwen, 1990).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect concentration:

10 mg/L

Additional information

A chronic toxicity test of phthalic anhydride to fish was performed with Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmo gairdneri) according to the OECD Guideline Draft "Early Life Stage"210 in buffered medium under semistatic conditions. Fertilised eggs and the following early-life stages of fish were exposed to geometric series of 7 test concentrations for 60 days. An effective LOEC of 32 mg/l was determined. With a factor of 3.2 the next lowest concentration is 10 mg/l which corresponds to the no effect concentration (NOEC). Not only mortality but also other endpoints like total embryotoxicity were tested (Van Leeuwen, 1990).