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EC number: 215-150-4 | CAS number: 1306-38-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional physico-chemical information
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- other: Minimum Ignition Temperature in cloud (MITcloud), Minimum Ignition Concentration (MIC) and Lower Oxygen Concentration (LOC)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 19/06/2018 to 30/10/2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: VDI recommendations (Ref: VDI Richtlinien 2263 /Dust fire and Dust explosions /test methods for the determination of the safety characteristic of dusts Mai 1990)
- Version / remarks:
- May 1990
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EN 14034-2
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EN 14034-3
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EN 14034-4
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Results:
- - Minimum Ignition Temperature in cloud (MITcloud) measurement:
No inflammation was obtained, even at the maximum oven temperature of 600°C. Minimum Ignition Temperature (cloud) > 600°C (see Table 2 in the field "Any other information on results incl. tables").
- Minimum Ignition Concentration (MIC) measurement:
The Minimum Ignition Concentration (MIC) of cerium oxide dust was greater than 2000 g/m3 (see Table 3). The cerium oxide dust is not explosive.
- Lower Oxygen Concentration (LOC) measurement:
* Particle size distribution results: As a pre-requisite to the LOC measurement, the particle size distribution was determined. The median value was 5 µm and 100% of particles presented a size < 32 µm (see Table 4 and Figure 1).
* LOC results: The test results were negative and the cerium oxide dust is not explosive (see Table 5). - Conclusions:
- The Minimum Ignition Temperature in cloud (MITcloud) of cerium oxide was greater than 600°C because no inflammation was obtained until this maximum oven temperature.
The Minimum Ignition Concentration (MIC) was greater than 2000 g/m3.
The result of the Lower Oxygen Concentration (LOC) measurement was negative.
Thus, the cerium oxide dust is not explosive. - Executive summary:
The dust flammability of cerium dioxide was investigated in a non-GLP compliant study through the determination of the following parameters:
- Minimum Ignition Temperature in cloud (MITcloud) according to VDI Recommendation (VDI Richtlinien 2263 / Dust fire and Dust explosions / test methods for the determination of the safety characteristic of dusts Mai 1990).
- Minimum Ignition concentration (MIC) according to PR EN 14034-2 Standard.
- Lower oxygen concentration (LOC) according to VDI 2263 Standard.
The Minimum Ignition Temperature in cloud (MITcloud) of cerium oxide was greater than 600°C because no inflammation was obtained until this maximum oven temperature. The Minimum Ignition Concentration (MIC) was greater than 2000 g/m3. The result of the Lower Oxygen Concentration (LOC) measurement was negative.
Thus, the cerium oxide dust is not explosive.
Reference
Table 1. Results summary
Sample | Particle size | Moisture (%) | MITcloud (°C) | MIC (g/m3) | LOC (%) |
Cerium oxide nano | "as received" (100% < 63 µm; Median value= 5 µm), details are reported in Table 4 | 0.83 (MITcloud at 80°C) 0.21 (MIC at 80°C) 0.93 (LOC at 105°C) |
> 600 (Table 2) | > 2000 (Table 3) | Not explosive (Table 5) |
Table 2. Results of MIT in cloud measurement
Temperature (°C) | Dust volume (mL) | Result (+ or -) | Remarks |
600 | 5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 2.5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 2.5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 2.5 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 1.25 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 1.25 mL | - | No ignition |
600 | 1.25 mL | - | No ignition |
Table 3. Results of MIC measurement
Test | Series | Conc. (g/m3) | Pm (bar) | dP/dt (bar/s) | tv eff (ms) | |
1 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
2 | 1 | 250 | .0 | 0 | 61 | No effect |
3 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
4 | 1 | 500 | .0 | 0 | 61 | No effect |
5 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
6 | 1 | 1000 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
7 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
8 | 1 | 750 | .0 | 0 | 61 | No effect |
9 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
10 | 1 | 1250 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
11 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
12 | 1 | 1500 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
13 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
14 | 1 | 2000 | .0 | 0 | 60 | No effect |
Table 4. Particle size distribution
Particle size diameter (µm) | Volume % < | Volume % > | Volume % |
0 | 0 | 100 | 86.8 |
10 | 86.8 | 13.2 | 12.4 |
20 | 99.2 | 0.79 | 0.74 |
25 | 99.9 | 0.057 | 0.056 |
32 | 100 | 0.00014 | 0.00014 |
50 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
63 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
71 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
75 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
90 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
100 | 100 | 0 |
Table 5. Results of LOC measurement
Test | Series | Conc. (g/m3) | Pm (bar) | dP/dt (bar/s) | tv eff (ms) | O2 (%) | Ignition energy= 2 x 1kJ |
1 | 1 | 0 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | control |
2 | 1 | 60 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
3 | 1 | 125 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
4 | 1 | 250 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
5 | 1 | 500 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
6 | 1 | 750 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
7 | 1 | 1000 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
8 | 1 | 1250 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
9 | 1 | 1500 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
10 | 1 | 1750 | .0 | 0 | 60 | 20.8 | |
11 | 1 | 2000 | .0 | 0 | 59 | 20.8 |
Description of key information
The dust is not explosive.
Additional information
One dust explosiveness study was performed on the nano form of cerium dioxide. It was scored as Klimisch 1 and selected as a key study. It concludes that the dust is not explosive.
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