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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 204-104-9 | CAS number: 115-77-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Summaries of the available fish, Daphnia and algal growth inhibition studies are presented below.
The 96 hour LC50 for Oryzias latipes exposed to pentaerythritol was observed to be >100 mg/L (the highest nominal exposure concentration tested) (Fukuoka, 1993).
The 24 hour EC50 for Daphnia magna exposed to pentaerythritol is greater than 1000 mg/L (the highest nominal exposure concentration tested). No immobility was observed during the study, therefore the corresponding no-observed effect concentration (NOEC) was 1000 mg/L (Fukuoka, 1993).
In a 21 day Daphnia magna study (supportive study), in a semi-static system, there was no adult mortality, therefore the 21 day LC50 was observed to be >1000 mg/L (the highest nominal exposure concentration tested). There were no significant differences in the number of juveniles produced per female in the control and test treatments during the study. Therefore, the no-observed effect concentration based on reproduction was 1000 mg/L (the highest nominal exposure concentration tested) (Fukuoka, 1993).
A 72 hour algal growth inhibition study on the freshwater alga Selenastrum capricornutum was conducted according to the OECD test guideline 201 and performed to GLP. A limit test was conducted at a nominal pentaerythritol concentration of 1000 mg/L which resulted in no algae inhibition. The 72 h EC10, EC20, EC50 and LOEC for average specific growth rate and yield are therefore estimated to be > 1000 mg/L, and the NOEC was estimated to be 1000 mg/L (Hugill, 2016).
Summaries of the available bacteria and activated sludge studies are presented below.
The toxicity of pentaerythritol to the bacteria Pseudomona putida was investigated in a respiration inhibition test. Respiration rate was determined by measuring the oxygen consumption during a 30 minute exposure (roughly the length of a bacterial generation). The EC10 was defined as the concentration of a substance that causes a 10% inhibition of consumption compared to the control sample. In this case the EC10 was > 500 mg/L (Knie, 1983).
The toxicity of pentaerythritol to activated sewage sludge was investigated in a respiration inhibition test according to OECD test guideline 209. Following three hours exposure to pentaerythritol the EC50 was observed to be > 1000 mg/L (based on nominal exposure concentrations), the corresponding NOEC was observed to 1000 mg/L (Knight, 2010).
In the chemical safety assessment performed according to Article 14(3) in connection with Annex I section 3 (Environmental Hazard Assessment) no hazard was identified. To be able to assess the toxic effects on aquatic systems derivation of further long term data is necessary, e.g. fish and daphnia chronic studies according to OECD TG 210 and 211 respectively. Consequently, in accordance with REACH Annex IX, further chronic studies have been proposed under section 6.1.2 and 6.1.4.
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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