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EC number: 202-196-5 | CAS number: 92-84-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2010-03-17 to 2010-04-30
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well performed GLP study according to recent OECD guidelines.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
- Report date:
- 2010
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Certificate attached to full study report.
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Phenothiazine
- EC Number:
- 202-196-5
- EC Name:
- Phenothiazine
- Cas Number:
- 92-84-2
- Molecular formula:
- C12H9NS
- IUPAC Name:
- 10H-phenothiazine
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, 97633 Sulzfeld, Germany
- Age at study initiation: females: 18-19 weeks; males: 8-9 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: femailes: 215-228g; males: 240-260g
- Housing: Full barrier in an air-conditioned room, animals were kept individually in IVC cages, type III H, polysulphone cages on Altomin saw fibre bedding
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Altromin 1324, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water, ad libitum
- Certificates of food, water and bedding are filed at the test facility
- Acclimation period: at least five days
- Female rats were nulliparous and non-pregnant
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22°C +/- 3°C
- Humidity (%): 55% +/- 10%
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12hrs / 12hrs
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- other: Corn oil (Sigma-Aldrich)
- Details on dermal exposure:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: dorsal area of the trunk (approx. 24hrs before the test, the fur was removed by using an electrical clipper)
- % coverage: 10%
- Type of wrap if used: semi-occlusive dressing consisted of a gauze-dressing and non-irritating tape and was fixed with an additional dressing in a suitable manner.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): at the end of exposure period residual test item was removed by using corn oil
- Time after start of exposure: 24hrs
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight
- Constant volume or concentration used: yes
- For solids, paste formed: yes, moistened with vehicle
- The test item was ground to a fine powder in a mortar with the help of a pestle
- In order to ensure good skin contact it was moistened with the vehicle
VEHICLE
- Lot/batch no. (if required): lot no. 128K0040, expiry date: 25/04/2010
- Rationale: This vehicle was chosen due to its non-irritating characteristics - Duration of exposure:
- 24hrs
- Doses:
- 2000mg/kg body weight
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 females and 5 males
- Control animals:
- not required
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: weighing on day 1 (prior to application) and on days 8 and 15, clinical examination was made several times on day of dosing (at least once during the first 30mins and with special attention given during the first 4hrs post-dose).
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes, all gross pathological changes were recorded.
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: The test item showed no sign of acute dermal toxicity.
- Mortality:
- No mortalities.
- Clinical signs:
- other: No findings during the entire observation period.
- Gross pathology:
- No specific gross pathological changes were recorded for any animal, with the exception of acute injection of blood vessels in the abdominal region, which is due to the euthanasia injection.
- Other findings:
- Signs of irritation
- Erythema grade 1 was observed in 4/5 female and 5/5 male animals
- Erythema grade 2 was observed in 3/5 male animals
- Desquamation and eschar were observed in 5/5 female and 5/5 male animals
- Scratches were observed in 3/5 female and 5/5 male animals
- Not all signs of irritation were reversible with the observation period
Any other information on results incl. tables
TABLE: Skin Irritation – Individual Data – Females
Day after |
Animal No. 11 |
Animal No. 12 |
Animal No. 13 |
Animal No. 14 |
Animal No. 15 |
|||||
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
|
day 2 |
1/0 |
nf |
1/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 3 |
1/0 |
nf |
1/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 4 |
1/0 |
slight s |
1/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 5 |
0/0 |
s, d |
1/0 |
d |
1/0 |
d |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
d |
day 6 |
0/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d |
1/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
slight d |
1/0 |
d, es |
day 7 |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, slight s |
0/0 |
d, s |
day 8 |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d |
0/0 |
slight d |
day 9 |
0/0 |
slight d, |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d |
0/0 |
slight d |
day 10 |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
moderate d |
0/0 |
slight d |
day 11 |
0/0 |
slight d, |
0/0 |
moderate d |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
nf |
day 12 |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
day 13 |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
day 14 |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
day 15 |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
nf |
Comments: E = erythema; O = oedema; 1, 2, 3, 4 = scoring system laid down in OECD Guideline 404 (Table 2) d = desquamation; es = eschar; s = scratches; nf = no findings * orange discoloration at the application site, caused by the test item |
TABLE: Skin irritation – Individual Data – Males
Day after |
Animal No. 21 |
Animal No. 22 |
Animal No. 23 |
Animal No. 24 |
Animal No. 25 |
|||||
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
E/O |
Comments |
|
day 2 |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 3 |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 4 |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
0/0 |
* |
day 5 |
2/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d, es |
2/0 |
d, es |
2/0 |
d, es |
day 6 |
1/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d, es |
1/0 |
d, es |
day 7 |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es |
0/0 |
d, es, ** |
0/0 |
d, es, ** |
0/0 |
d, es,* |
day 8 |
0/0 |
slight d, es |
0/0 |
slight d, es |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
day 9 |
0/0 |
slight d, es |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
day 10 |
0/0 |
slight d, es |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
day 11 |
0/0 |
moderate d, |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, s, |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
day 12 |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight es, s, |
0/0 |
d, es, **, s |
day 13 |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
slight d, es, |
0/0 |
slight es, s, |
0/0 |
d, es |
day 14 |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
slight d |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
d, es |
day 15 |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
nf |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
es |
0/0 |
nf |
Comments: E = erythema; O = oedema; 1, 2, 3, 4 = scoring system laid down in OECD Guideline 404 (Table 2) d = desquamation; es = eschar; s = scratches; s#: punctiform scratches, nf = no findings * orange discoloration at the application site, caused by the test item ** small wound |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not classified
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study, single dermal application of phenothiazine to rats at a dose of 2000mg/kg body weight was associated with no signs of toxicity or mortality, but with signs of irritation. The dermal LD50 was determined to be greater than 2000mg/kg body weight. Phenothiazine does not require classification for acute percutaneous toxicity according to the provisions laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
- Executive summary:
- Phenothiazine was tested for acute dermal Toxicity according to OECD guideline 402 and according to Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method B.3.
- Study was conducted as limit test (2000mg/kg body weight)
- 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats (Crl: WI(HAN)) were used in this study
- Corn oil was used as vehicle
- Rats were dermal exposed to phenothiazine for 24hrs
- Signs of toxicity related to dose level used, time of onset and duration were not observed (no treatment-related effects)
- No effects on organs (related to dose level) were observed
- LD50 is greater than 2000mg/kg body weight
- Signs of irritation were found in some animals. Not all signs were reversible within the observation period.
- Phenothiazine does not require classification for acute percutaneous toxicity according to the provisions laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
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