Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 201-164-8 | CAS number: 78-98-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
No guideline compatible repeated dose study or a study with broad toxicological background is available. Instead, data from four publications (for details see discussion) were considered, but were insufficient to characterize repeated dose endpoints of the substance.
In accordance with the REACH legislation only the available data have to be presented. A specific study is not required (Article 18 or Annex VII).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The study of Ankrah & Appiah-Opong (1999) aimed to elucidate effects of low levels of pyruvaldehyde on the GSH status, selected GSH dependent functions, and on tolerance to glucose. Dosed mice were allowed to mate and deliver. However, effects on the offspring were not documented. Gross pathohology was carried out, but histopathology was not performed. In conclusion, the study was to a large extend insufficient (test design, dosing period, and dose of the test substance) concerning the assessment of repeated dose toxicity and the results very likely characterize effects at a rather high dosage instead of the intended "very low" doses.
Golej (1998) studied diabetic long-term effects, more specific pathological changes in connective tissue. The influence of pyruvaldehyde, a key intermediate that regularly accumulates in tissues of diabetic patients, on the structure and contents of rat-kidney collagen as well as on morphology of the tissue is considered under long-term feeding (5 months) of the substance at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/d in drinking water, using 10 animals per group. The thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (electron microscopy) and total kidney collagen were significantly increased when compared with untreated controls. Reduced pepsin-extractability and elevated protein fluorescence suggest that the underlying mechanism may be a decreased collagen solubility induced by pyruvaldehyde-mediated, increased cross-linking. According to the authors, the involvement of pyruvaldehyde in the development of late diabetic complications is supported by these observations.
Designed as dose-range (MTD) finders for anti tumour-studies in mice, the repeated dose data from two studies (Apple & Greenberg 1967; Conroy 1979) had some significant limitations that deteriorated with their insufficient documentation. Whether both genders were tested cannot be assessed. Both setups are not compliant to current test guideline requirements, e.g. with respect to the number of animals per dose group, the dose levels, the duration of exposure (5 or 6 days) and both did not consider systemic toxicity. The MTDs in the Apple & Greenberg study were determined at: 1100 mg/kg (oral); 300 mg/kg (i.m.); ca. 90 mg/kg (i.p).
References
Ankrah, N & Appiah-Opong, R, 1999. Toxicity of low levels of inethylglyoxal: depletion of blood glutathione and adverse effect on glucose tolerance in mice. Toxicol. Lett., 109, 61-67
Golej, J et al., 1998. Oral Administration of Methylglyoxal Leads to Kidney Collagen Accumulation in the Mouse. Life Sciences, 63, 801-807
Apple, MA und Greenberg, DM, 1967. Arrest of Cancer in Mice by Therapy with Normal Metabolites:2-Oxopropanal (NSC-79019) Cancer Chemotherapy Reports 51 (7), 455-464
Conroy, P.J., 1979. Carcinostatic activity of inethylglyoxal in tumour-bearing mice. CIBA Found. Symp. 67, Iss. Submol. Biol. Cancer, 271-300
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the available repeated dose data, a justification for a classification of the test item is not possible.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.