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EC number: 240-566-8 | CAS number: 16499-88-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017-07-10 to 2017-12-08
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- EC No 440/2006
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: PFW160573
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2018-09-26
- Purity test date: ??
- Purity: 99.39%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature in the dark
- Stability under test conditions: no data
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: no data - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method:
* Range-Finding Test: A sample of each test concentration was taken for chemical analysis at 0 and 48 hours in order to determine the stability of the test item under test conditions.
* Definitive Test: The concentration and stability of the test item in the test preparations were verified by chemical analysis at 0 and 48 hours.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were stored frozen prior to analysis - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
* Range-Finding Test: The test concentrations to be used in the definitive test were determined by a preliminary range-finding test.
A nominal amount of test item (50 mg) was dissolved in test water and the volume adjusted to 500 mL to give the 100 mg/L test concentration from which a series of dilutions was made to give further test concentrations of 0.10, 1.0 and 10 mg/L. Each prepared concentration was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity.
* Definitive Test: Based on the results of the range-finding tests the following test concentrations were assigned to the definitive test: 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L.
A nominal amount of test item (200 mg) was dissolved in test water and the volume adjusted to 2 liters to give the 100 mg/L test concentration from which a series of dilutions was made to give further test concentrations of 1.0, 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L. Adjustments were made to the pH of the test concentrations using 1M hydrochloric acid and 1M sodium hydroxide to bring the pH in the range quoted in the study plan of between 6 and 9.
Each prepared concentration was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity.
- Controls: yes
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): All solutions were clear and colourless. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water-flea
- Source: in-house laboratory culture with a known history
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): < 24 h (from parental daphnids of more than 2 weeks old, maximum age 4 weeks)
- Method of breeding: Culture conditions ensured that reproduction was by parthenogenesis.
- Feeding during cultivation: mixture of algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and Tetramin® flake food suspension, daily
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not relevant - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- not reported
- Test temperature:
- 21-22°C
- pH:
- At t=0h: 7.8-7.9
At t=48h: 7.3-8.2 - Dissolved oxygen:
- At t=0h: 8.8-8.9
At t=48h: 7.6-8.5 - Salinity:
- not relevant
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Range finder:
Nominal concentrations: 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L (1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L analysed)
Measured concentrations (mg/L) at t=0h: 0.980, 10.2, 107
Measured concentrations (mg/L) at t=48h: 1.03, 10.8, 112
Final test:
Nominal concentrations: 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L
Measured concentrations (mg/L) at t=0h: 0.0364, 0.977, 3.19, 9.83, 30.9, 99.0
Measured concentrations (mg/L) at t=48h: 0.00820, 0.955, 3.07, 9.67, 29.3, 99.8 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beaker
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 mL, glass beaker filled with 100 mL
- Aeration: not during the test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Test medium: adjusted ISO medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: yes
- Photoperiod: 16h light daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Immobility was defined as those organisms which are not able to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test container and was monitored after 24 and 48 hours of continuous treatment with the test substance.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L (setup: combined range finder/limit test)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: none
- NOEC = 32 mg/L - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Mortality: no
- EC50/LC50: 48-h EC50 = 0.75 mg/L. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- An estimate of the EC50 values was given by inspection of the immobilization data. The LOEC and the NOEC at 24 and 48 hours were calculated using the Fisher’s Exact Binomial Test with Bonferroni correction using the ToxRat Professional computer software package (TOXRAT).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Considered to be valid given that none of the control daphnids showed immobilization or other signs of disease or stress, and that the oxygen concentration at the end of the test was equal to or greater than 3 mg/L in the control and test vessels
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of the test substance to Daphnia magna was determined in a 48 hour static test according to OECD guideline 202. Based on nominal concentrations, the 48-h EC50 was > 100 mg/L. The results of the test can be considered reliable without restriction.
Reference
Table 2: Cumulative Immobilization Data and Observations in the Definitive Test
Nominal Concentration |
24 Hours |
|||||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
|||||||||
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
Total |
% |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
|
Control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4N1T |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
1.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
4 N 1 T |
4 N 1 T |
5 N |
3.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
10 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
4 N 1 R |
3 N |
3 N 1 T 1 R |
4 N 1 R |
32 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
3 N 2 R |
4 N 1 T |
4 N |
100 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
20 |
4 N 1 C |
4 N |
3 N 1 C |
3 N |
Nominal Concentration |
48 Hours |
|||||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
|||||||||
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
Total |
% |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
|
Control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
1.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
4 N |
3.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
10 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
5 N |
3 N |
5 N |
5 N |
32 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
10 |
3 N 1 R |
5 N |
4 N 1 T |
4 N |
100 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
35 |
2 C |
4 R |
1 R 3 C |
3 C |
Rep = Replicate
C = Covered with debris
N= Normal
R = Reduced mobility
T= Trapped at surface
Description of key information
The acute toxicity of the test substance to Daphnia magna was determined in a 48 hour static test according to OECD guideline 202. Based on nominal concentrations, the 48-h EC50 was > 100 mg/L (Squance, 2018). The results of the test can be considered reliable without restriction. Based on the results it can be concluded that the test substance is not harmful to aquatic invertebrates.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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