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EC number: 215-609-9 | CAS number: 1333-86-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
- Type of information:
- other: case report
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Acute respiratory symptoms following massive carbon black exposure
- Author:
- Hailemariam Y, Mojazi Amiri H, Nugent K.
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- Occupational Medicine 2012;62:578–580
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- poisoning incident
- Endpoint addressed:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Carbon black
- EC Number:
- 215-609-9
- EC Name:
- Carbon black
- Cas Number:
- 1333-86-4
- Molecular formula:
- C
- IUPAC Name:
- carbon
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- occupational
- Subjects:
- 44-year old male
- Route of exposure:
- inhalation
- Reason of exposure:
- accidental
- Exposure assessment:
- not specified
- Details on exposure:
- The patient estimates that he inhaled CB for approximately 2 to 3 min.
- Examinations:
- - Lung function parameters:
Results and discussion
- Clinical signs:
- Acute exposure to a high dose of carbon black caused respiratory symptoms and changes in pulmonary function.
- Results of examinations:
- The patient presented as a well-nourished man in no acute distress. Vital signs were normal, with O2 saturation of 95% in room air. Thoracic examination revealed normal expansion on inspiration, normal expiratory flow rates and normal percussion notes. Breath sounds were slightly increased in intensity. There were high-pitched expiratory wheezes in the anterior fields when supine but not when sitting. Cardiac examination was within normal limits. Complete blood count and chest x-ray were within normal limits. Pulmonary function tests revealed FVC 5.5 l (96% of predicted), FEV1 3.70 l (82%), FEV1/FVC 0.67 (predicted 0.79), FEF25-75% 2.44 l/s (60%), total lung capacity 7.92 l (105%), residual volume 2.67 l (128%), RV/TLC 0.34 and a normal diffusion capacity (106%)
- Effectivity of medical treatment:
- The patient was started on fluticasone (500 micrograms per puff)/salmeterol (50 micrograms per puff) one puff twice daily. After 6 weeks his symptoms improved but had not resolved. He had no wheezing. His spirometry was within normal limits with FEV1 of 4.91 l (122% predicted) and FVC of 6.07 l (110% predicted).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Acute massive exposure to carbon black can cause respiratory symptoms and an obstructive ventilatory defect. This presentation suggests a small airway disease which improved over time with inhaled steroids and long-acting beta-agonists. Patients with intense carbon black exposure following industrial accidents will need frequent evaluation to manage any related respiratory tract injury.
- Executive summary:
A 44-year-old man had intense exposure to carbon black when his crane ran into a truck with a trailer filled with carbon black. One week after this exposure he developed shortness of breath and cough with sputum production. These symptoms persisted and increased in intensity. Physical examination revealed expiratory wheezes when in the supine position. Pulmonary function tests revealed a mild obstructive ventilatory defect with a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio. The patient responded to treatment with fluticasone and salmeterol with a reduction in symptoms and improvement in his spirometry to a normal range.
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