Diphenyl sulphone

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2021

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Diphenyl sulphone
Lot nr 202011220005
Diphenyl sulphone content=99.99 %

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples for possible analysis were taken from all concentrations and the control.
Frequency at t=0 h and t=96 h
Volume 1.4 mL
Storage Samples were stored in a freezer (set to maintain -20°C) until analysis at the analytical laboratory of the Test Facility.
Additionally, reserve samples of 1.4 mL were taken from all test solutions for possible analysis. If not already used, these samples were stored in a freezer (set to maintain -20°C) for a maximum of three months after delivery of the draft report, pending on the decision of the sponsor for additional analysis.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
Start of each batch :Approximately 250 newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, were placed into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
Maximum age of the cultures 4 weeks
Renewal of the culture, after 7 days of cultivation, half of the medium twice a week.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

180mg/L as CaCo3

Test temperature:

18-22°C

pH:

6-+9

Dissolved oxygen:

>= 3mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

measured concentrations

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:60 ml all glass
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass
- Volume of solution:50 ml
- Aeration: no Aeration
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter):
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate):
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates):4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):2
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): no vehicle
- Biomass loading rate:100mg/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:to tap water purified by Reverse Osmosis (RO-water, GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands
- Total organic carbon:
- Particulate matter:
- Metals:
- Pesticides:
- Chlorine:
- Alkalinity:
- Ca/mg ratio:
- Conductivity:<10µS/cm
- Salinity:
- Culture medium different from test medium:
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and O2 At the beginning and at the end of the test, for all concentrations and the control.Temperature Continuously, in a temperature control vessel.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no adjustments no
- Photoperiod:A daily photoperiod of 16 hours
- Light intensity:

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes/no

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: • Ten daphnids per concentration (in duplicate, 5 per vessel) were exposed to solutions containing 0.10, 1.0 and 10% of the SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:No immobility was observed in the control and the three lowest test concentrations throughout the test. At the end of the test, all daphnids exposed to the highest test concentration were immobilized

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

15 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In conclusion, the 48h-EC50 for Daphnia magna exposed to Diphenyl sulphone was 15 mg/L based on geometric mean concentrations (95% confidence interval between 14 and 17 mg/L).

Executive summary:

The objective of the study was to evaluate Diphenyl sulphone for its ability to generate acute toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia magna during an exposure period of 48 hours and, if possible, to determine the EC₅₀ at 24 and 48 hours of exposure.

A full test was performed based on the results of a preceding combined limit/range-finding test. The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid. Test conditions and results of the final test are presented in the table below:

Test Item	Diphenyl sulphone
Appearance	White crystalline powder
Purity	99.99%
Preparation of test solutions	Saturated Solution (SS), loading rate of 100 mg/L. Lower concentrations: serial dilution.
Experimental Set-up
Guidelines	OECD TG 202 and OECD GD 23
Exposure design	Static, no renewals
Test concentrations	Solutions containing 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100% of the SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L
Control	Blank control
Number of replicates	4 replicates containing 5 daphnids each
Sampling for analysis	At t=0, and t=48h.
Experimental conditions
pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen	Within the ranges specified in OECD TG 202
Light regime	A daily photoperiod of 16 hours
Results
Actual exposure concentrations	2.8, 4.9, 8.6, 16 and 29 mg/L (geometric mean concentrations)
Recorded effects	No immobility was observed in the control and three lowest test concentrations throughout the exposure period. The two highest concentrations resulted in 60% and 100% immobility at the end of the test, respectively.

 

The effect parameters (based on geometric mean concentrations) obtained in this study are summarized in the table below.

Parameter	Diphenyl sulphone Geometric mean conc. (mg/L)	95%-confidence interval (mg/L)
24h-EC50	21	18-24
48h-EC50	15	14-17

 

Description of key information

The 48-hr LC50 value for Daphnid is 15 mg/l (OECD 202).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

15 mg/L