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EC number: 232-122-7 | CAS number: 7787-59-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 974
- Report date:
- 1974
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- In a scientifically acceptable and well documented repeated dermal toxicity test, the test substance (50% formulation in water) was administered to the abdominal abraded and intact skin of rabbits.
The dose levels of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bw were dermally administrated to two male and two female albino rabbits each (abraded and intact skin). The control group with the same amount of animals received 0.5 mL/kg bw of distilled water in a similar regimen. - GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Bismuth chloride oxide
- EC Number:
- 232-122-7
- EC Name:
- Bismuth chloride oxide
- Cas Number:
- 7787-59-9
- Molecular formula:
- BiClO
- IUPAC Name:
- chlorobismuthanone
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Appearance: A viscous, silver liquid
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Dutchland Laboratory Animals, Inc., Denver, Pennsylvania, USA
- Age at study initiation: Adult
- Weight at study initiation: 2.5 to 3.3 kg
- Diet: Purina Rabbit Chow ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Abdominal skin (intact and abraded)
- Type of wrap: Nonabsorbent binder (rubber damming or butcher - paper), gauze, and elastic adhesive tape
- Time intervals for clippings: As necessary, usually once a week
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: No
TEST MATERIAL
- Concentration: 50% formulation of the test substance
- Constant volume or concentration used: Yes
- For solids, paste formed: Yes (viscous)
VEHICLE
- Amount applied: 0.5 mL/kg bw
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- no
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours
- Frequency of treatment:
- Once daily, five days per week for a period of three weeks (Total of 15 applications)
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 125 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 2 (abraded and intact skin)
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Observations were recorded once daily for three weeks
DERMAL IRRITATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Observations were recorded 24 hours after each application and on Sundays (48 hours after the Friday application).
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Body weights were recorded initially, weekly, and terminally.
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: Initially and at termination on all control and test animals
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: No data
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: All
- Parameters checked in table 1 were examined.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: Initially and terminally on all animals
- Animals fasted: No data
- How many animals: All
- Parameters checked in table 2 were examined.
URINALYSIS: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of urine: Initially and terminally on all animals
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine: No data
- Animals fasted: No data
- Parameters checked in table 3 were examined.
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, on all animals at the time of sacrifice by intravenous air embolism on the third day following the last application.
Tissue preservation (see table 4)
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (see table 5) - Statistics:
- Statistical analysis of the following parameters was performed by the t-test at the 5.0% probability level; group mean body weight data, hematology data, blood biochemistry data, and urine analysis data.
(Reference: Wilfred J. Dixon and Frank J. Massey, Jr., Introduction to Statistical Analysis, 123-124, McGraw Hill, 1957.)
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Dermal irritation:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Grossly, all test groups demonstrated persistent erythema, atonia, and desquamation which the control group failed to demonstrate.
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Dosages of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 g/kg to the intact and abraded skin surface of rabbits resulted in a slight increase in acanthosis and hyperkeratosis in the high dose (0.5 g/kg) rabbits. A variable degree of acanthosis and - hyperkeratosis was noted in rabbits at the lower dose levels and these alterations were generally of comparable severity to those noted in the control group.
Effect levels
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: No adverse effects observed at any dose level.
Target system / organ toxicity
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
Any other information on results incl. tables
Result tables are provided in the attachment.
Summary
In a scientifically acceptable and well documented repeated dermal toxicity test, the test substance (50% formulation in water) was administered to the abdominal abraded and intact skin of rabbits.
The dose levels of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bw were dermally administrated to two male and two female albino rabbits each (abraded and intact skin). The control group with the same amount of animals received 0.5 mL/kg bw of distilled water in a similar regimen.
Generally, all rabbits demonstrated body weight losses over the test period, however, mean body weight of the test groups were comparable to those of the controls at all intervals. All animals essentially appeared normal throughout the study. Signs of dermal irritation included slight to moderate erythema, slight atonia, and slight desquamation with dermal irritation more persistent and varied in the test group as compared to controls.
Results of the clinical studies and gross pathology findings were essentially unremarkable in the test groups as compared to controls.
Microscopically, a slight increase in the incidence of acanthosis and hyperkeratosis of the exposure site was evident in group No. 4 animals (500 mg/kg bw) as compared to controls. All other observations of the test groups were comparable to those of the controls.
Therefore, the NOAEL for dermal repeated toxicity was determined to be 500 mg/kg bw.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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