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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 20 April to 20 July 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- EC medium used instead of OECD medium. EC medium can be considered as a modified OECD medium and EC medium is compliant with the elemental composition of the OECD medium. It was considered that this deviation did not impact the validity of the study.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling at T = 0 h (fresh media) and at T = 72 hours (old media)
- Details on test solutions:
- Due to the complex and insoluble nature of the test substance (UVCB), a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) approach was considered to be the most suitable method of test media preparation.
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), Oban, UK
- Method of cultivation: EC cultivation medium (nutrients salts in reconstituted water)
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: pre-culture prepared for at least 72 hours before initiation - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22.4 - 22.8°C
- pH:
- 7.86 - 7.88 (start) ; 8.00 - 10.1 (end)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- not specified
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Initial cells density: 1*10^4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 7
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: EC cultivation medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: permanent illumination
- Light intensity and quality: 4440 - 8880 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: nominal loading rates of 0, 0.22, 0.46, 1.0, 2.2, 4.6 and 10 mg/L (Water accomodated fraction). - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.82 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL20
- Effect conc.:
- 1.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 0.46 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 0.46 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.66 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- Measured TOC concentrations above the limit of quantification (LOQ), considered to be 0.5 ppm, were not determined for the 0.22, 0.46 and 1.0 mg/L loading rate WAFs. Based on the results of the TOC analysis of the 2.2, 4.6 and 10 mg/L loading rate WAFs, the estimated exposure concentrations of CAE were 2.0, 4.0 and 9.0 mg/L, respectively. Given that TOC analysis is not compound specific, these values are only an estimation of test substance concentration, therefore the results were based on both nominal loading rates and estimated CAE concentrations.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The area under the growth curve, the average specific growth rate and the final yield over specified time intervals were analysed using the Bonferroni adjusted t-test.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the test, CAE was considered to inhibit the growth of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata at loading rate > 0.46 mg/L (lowest NOELR determined as the highest loading rate below the ExL20). The 72 hour EyL50, EbL50 and ErL50 values were calculated to be 1.3, 1.3 and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding estimated CAE concentrations values were 1.1, 1.0 and 1.4 mg/L, respectively.
- Executive summary:
In a static toxicity test performed according to OECD guideline No.201, the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitatawas exposed for 72 hours to nominalloading rates ranging between 0.22 and 10 mg CAE/L in EC water. A control group was also included. The initial cell concentration was approximately 1 * 104cells/mL. Due to the complex and insoluble nature of the test substance (UVCB), a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) approach was considered to be the most suitable method of test media preparation.
Samples of test media were analysed for Total Organic Carbon (TOC), as a measure of the dissolved test substance concentration in fresh and old test media. Given that TOC analysis is not compound specific, the results represent only an estimation of test substance concentration. Therefore the endpoints were based on both nominal loading rates and estimated CAE concentrations.
Based on nominal loading rates, the 72 hours EyL50, EbL50and ErL50values were calculated to be 1.3, 1.3 and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding NOELR values after 72 hours, determined asthe highest loading rate below the ExL20,were0.46, 0.46 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively.
Based on estimated CAE concentrations, the 72 hours EyC50, EbC50and ErC50values were calculated to be 1.1, 1.0 and 1.4 mg/L, respectively.
The NOEC values for yield and biomass after 72 hours exposure could not be determined given that measured TOC concentrations above the LOQ were not observed. The NOEC value for specific growth rate after 72 hours was equal to 0.66 mg/L.
Reference
Table 1 Inhibition of growth of P. subcapitata exposed to WAFs of CAE during 72 hours
Nominal loading rate (mg/L) |
0-72 h reduction (%) in |
||
Yield |
Growth (biomass) |
Growth rate |
|
0 |
- |
- |
- |
0.22 |
-6.82 |
-4.72 |
-1.44 |
0.46 |
-7.37 |
-3.53 |
-1.54 |
1.0 |
21.9 |
26.6 |
4.94 |
2.2 |
98.7 |
96.7 |
79.3 |
4.6 |
99.3 |
98.4 |
86.0 |
10 |
99.5 |
98.7 |
90.4 |
- not applicable
Negative percentage inhibition values relative to the common control represent an increase in growth relative to the control.
Description of key information
The 72 hour EyL50, EbL50 and ErL50 values were calculated to be 1.3, 1.3 and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding estimated CAE concentrations values were 1.1, 1.0 and 1.4 mg/L, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 1.3 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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