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EC number: 916-899-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 221 (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- March 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- [Reaction mass of 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 5-amino-3-[[4-[2-[4-[(7-amino-1-hydroxy-3-sulfo-2-naphthalenyl)azo]-2-sulfophenyl]ethenyl]-3-sulfophenyl]azo]-4-hydroxy-, compd. with 2,2',2''-nitrilotris[ethanol] (1:5) and 3,3'-[ethylenebis[(3-sulpho-p-phenylene)azo]]bis[5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonic] acid, compound with 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (1:6) and 3,3'-[vinylenebis[(3-sulpho-p-phenylene)azo]]bis[6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic] acid, compound with 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (1:4)]
- EC Number:
- 916-899-6
- Molecular formula:
- not available
- IUPAC Name:
- [Reaction mass of 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 5-amino-3-[[4-[2-[4-[(7-amino-1-hydroxy-3-sulfo-2-naphthalenyl)azo]-2-sulfophenyl]ethenyl]-3-sulfophenyl]azo]-4-hydroxy-, compd. with 2,2',2''-nitrilotris[ethanol] (1:5) and 3,3'-[ethylenebis[(3-sulpho-p-phenylene)azo]]bis[5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonic] acid, compound with 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (1:6) and 3,3'-[vinylenebis[(3-sulpho-p-phenylene)azo]]bis[6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic] acid, compound with 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (1:4)]
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling, method and storage: Analytical data are required by the guidelines for verification of test item concentrations as well as the stability of the test item over the entire test period. Analytical samples were taken at 0 hours (initial value) from fresh test solutions, after 2, 5 and 7 days from aged test solutions from all test item concentrations (100, 31.3, 9.77, 3.05, 0.954, 0.298, 0.0931mg/L) and control. For each sampling also a retain sample was taken.
Samples were taken from pooled replicates. 1 mL test medium were taken for each sample set.
All samples were stored deep frozen until they were transferred to the analytical laboratory.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution was prepared and further dilutions prepared with test medium.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna gibba
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Lemna gibba G 3
- Strain: Alismatales: Araceae
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): aseptic clones from the cultivation of the testing facility
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation):
- Method of cultivation: primarily cultured
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 23.5 – 24.5 °C
- pH:
- 7.48 – 7.58
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- See table
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Incubation chamber used: yes
- Test vessel:Test vessels were 250 mL glass beakers each containing ~ 150 mL test solution to allow the plants to grow without touching the sides of the glass vessels. The test vessels were covered with a glass plate. Test vessels were randomised during the test.
- Agitation: no
Colonies consisting of 2 - 4 fronds were transferred from the inoculum culture into the test vessels containing a total of 12 fronds, each.
4 replicates of each concentration, six replicates for the control
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
The medium used for the test was 20xAAP Medium for Lemna gibba (according to OECD 221, composition see Appendix B). The pH was 7.5 ± 0.1 after 1 hour.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
Test procedure: Static test
Duration: 7 days
Temperature: 23.5 – 24.5 °C
pH-value of fresh solutions: 7.48 – 7.58
Light intensity (mean): 7660 lux
Light tubes: T8-fluorescent tubes, length 900 mm, LT30W/865 daylight
Exposure to light: Continuously
Number of fronds: 12 per test vessel
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
Frond numbers in each test vessel were determined at the start of the test. Frond numbers and the appearance of the colonies were checked on t = 0, 2, 5 and 7 days as well as any change in plant development, frond size, necrosis and additional observations of test media or other abnormalities.
The number of fronds and dry weight (biomass) were tabulated together with the concentrations of the test item for each measurement occasion.
At the end of the test all the fronds from each test vessel were dried at 60°C for about 48 hours. 6 x 12 fronds from the test culture were dried to represent the dry weight at test start.
Means of frond numbers for each test item concentration at each observation time were calculated. Means of dry weight for each test item concentration at day 7 were calculated. The specific growth rate (µ) for frond number and dry weight was calculated as the logarithmic increase for each replicate for control and treatments
Means of frond numbers for each test item concentration at each observation time were calculated. Means of dry weight for each test item concentration at day 7 were calculated. The specific growth rate (µ) for frond number and dry weight was calculated as the logarithmic increase for each replicate for control and treatments
The percentage inhibition of growth rate (% IR) was calculated as the difference between the mean growth rate of the control (µC) and the mean growth rate in the treatments (µT)
The mean doubling time (Td) of the culture for the control and treatments were calculated
Effects on yield are determined on the basis of total frond numbers and dry weight in each vessel at the start and end of the test. For the test concentrations, a mean value for yield was calculated. The mean percent inhibition in yield was calculated for each treatment group - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3.5 Dichlorophenol
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.05 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Key result
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.954 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.694 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 3.16 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 31.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Details on results:
- Significant inhibitory effects were determined for yield of frond numbers at test item concentrations of 3.05 mg/L (nominal) and 2.32 mg/L (actual) and above. 67.4 % of inhibition of yield of frond numbers was observed in the highest test item concentration.
Significant inhibitory effects were determined for growth rate of frond numbers at test item concentrations of 9.77 mg/L (nominal) and 8.70 mg/L (actual) and above. 35.6 % of inhibition of growth rate of frond numbers was observed in the highest test item concentration.
Significant inhibitory effects were determined for yield of dry weight at test item concentrations of 3.05 mg/L (nominal) and 2.32 mg/L (actual) and above. 76.7 % of inhibition of yield of dry weight was observed in the highest test item concentration.
Significant inhibitory effects were determined for growth rate of dry weight at test item concentrations of 9.77 mg/L (nominal) and 8.70 mg/L (actual) and above. 40.2 % of inhibition of growth rate of dry weight was observed in the highest test item concentration.
On day 2 and 7 shortened root were observed at 0.298 mg/L and above.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Routine testing with 3,5-dichlorophenol (97%) resulted in a LOEC of 1.28 mg/L (nominal) and a NOEC of 0.512 mg/L (nominal)
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The statistical evaluation for day 7 was performed for yield of frond numbers, growth rate of frond numbers, growth rate of dry weight and yield of dry weight. A test for normality of the data was performed by calculating the Shapiro-Wilk’s statistic, a test for homogeneity of the data was performed according to Levene. The NOEC and LOEC were determined by using a multiple comparison method (Dunnetts-t-test, left sided, for all parameters). The EC10, 20, 50-values were determined by probit analysis following Gompertz distribution. Only concentrations within a clear dose response relation were used for calculations for yield and growth rate of dry weight. The evaluation of data was performed by SAS® (2002-2010). The calculation of the EC50 for growth rate of dry weight and fronds was not indicated since the inhibition was below 50 % at the highest test item concentration and hence the database was weak for probit analysis.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Please see attachment
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The NOEC of the test item was determined to be 9.954 mg/L based on inhibition of growth rate of frond numbers and growth rate of dry weight. The LOEC of the test item was determined to be 3.05 mg/L based on inhibitory effects on the yield of frond numbers and yield of dry weight. The corresponding EC10, EC20 and EC50 values were determined to be 0.694 mg/L, 3.16 mg/L and 31.1 mg/L respectively.
- Executive summary:
The OECD 221 static test was performed to determine the effects of the test item on the growth of the duckweed Lemna gibba after 7 days of exposure.
Significant inhibitory effects were determined for yield of frond numbers and yield of dry weight at test item concentrations of3.05mg/L (nominal) and2.32mg/L (actual) and above. For growth rate of frond numbers and growth rate of dry weight significant inhibitory effects were determined at9.77mg/L (nominal) and 8.70mg/L (actual) and above. The overall LOEC was therefore determined to be 3.05 mg/L (nominal) and 2.32 mg/L (actual), the corresponding NOEC was set at 0.954 mg/L (nominal) and 0.706 mg/L (actual).
The EC10-value for yield of frond numbers was determined to be 0.694 mg/L (nominal) and 0.513 mg/L (actual). The EC10-value for growth rate of frond numbers was determined to be 5.55 mg/L (nominal) and 4.35 mg/L (actual). The EC10-value for yield of dry weight was determined to be 0.327 mg/L (nominal) and 0.252 mg/L (actual). The EC10-value for growth rate of dry weight was determined to be 3.14 mg/L (nominal) and 2.55 mg/L (actual).
The EC20-value for yield of frond numbers was determined to be 3.16 mg/L (nominal) and 2.67 mg/L (actual). The EC20-value for growth rate of frond numbers was determined to be 22.9 mg/L (nominal) and 18.9 mg/L (actual). The EC20-value for yield of dry weight was determined to be 1.54 mg/L (nominal) and 1.23 mg/L (actual). The EC20-value for growth rate of dry weight was determined to be 14.5 mg/L (nominal) and 12.1 mg/L (actual).
The EC50-value for yield of frond numbers was determined to be 31.1 mg/L (nominal) and 32.2 mg/L (actual), the EC50-value for yield of dry weight was determined to be 16.1 mg/L (nominal) and 13.4 mg/L (actual). Due to an inhibition of growth rate of frond numbers and growth rate of dry weight below 50 % the database was weak for probit analysis, hence the EC50-value was considered to be >100 mg/L (nominal) and >82.0 mg/L (actual).
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