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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
29 August - 22 November 2018
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
Study conducted according to GLP and to relevant OECD guideline (OECD 208) without any major deficiencies.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test)
Version / remarks:
2006
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
humidity out of specification
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: 6SFCT83018
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 31 March 2020
- Purity test date: 2 Apr 2018

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in the dark
- Stability under test conditions: not applicable
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: stability in acetone at nominal concentrations of 5.89 and 476.67 mg/mL at ambient temperature and refeigerated storage for up to 2 days.
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium: unknown
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Remarks:
Analysis of treatment solutions only
Details on sampling:
- Concentrations: 476.67, 158.89, 52.96, 17.65, 5.88 mg/mL
- Sampling method: Chemical analysis was carried out on the treatment solution to verify the concentration of C6SFCLA. Aliquots of each treatment solution were placed into glass vials.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: not reported
Vehicle:
yes
Remarks:
acetone
Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- Method of mixing into soil (if used): The solvent solutions were applied to dry sand and when the acetone had evaporated, the sand was mixed into the appropriate amount of weighed moist soil. This soil was then moistened with reverse osmosis (RO) water and mixed using a handheld mixer to ensure that the soil had a structure suitable for sowing the seeds.
- Controls: untreated and solvent control
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution): not applicable, solvent applied to dry sand and left to evaporate.
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: yes.
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Cabbage
- Plant family: Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Species:
Daucus carota
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Carrot
- Plant family: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Lettuce
- Plant family: Asteraceae (Compositae)
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Tomato
- Plant family: Solanaceae
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Barley
- Plant family: Poeaceae (Gramineae)
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Species:
Allium cepa
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
- Common name: Onion
- Plant family: Liliaceae (Amarylladaceae)
- Source of seed: commercial supplier
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: The seeds were not treated with any type of fungicides, insecticides, or any other type of pesticidal compound
- Historical germination of seed (germination of seed lot tested): yes, >75% germination
- Seed storage: dry in glass bottles and kept in darkness prior to study start
Test type:
seedling emergence and seedling growth test
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
natural soil
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
21 d
Remarks:
Plants were harvested 15 - 18 days after 50% control germination, giving a total exposure period of 21 days for all species.
Test temperature:
Target temperature (as per OECD 208): 12-32°C, Actual Temperatures: Cabbage and carrot: 19.9- 23.6°C, lettuce and tomato: 22.7-25.4°C, barley and onion: 19.4 to 24.4°C
pH:
Pre treatment soil pH: 7.4, Post treatment soil pH: 7.8-7.9
Moisture:
Target soil moisture: not given in guideline. Actual soil moisture: 4.16% prior to treatment, moisture content prior to sowing seeds not recorded.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Plants were maintained in controlled environment rooms.
- Test container (type, material, size): 10.5 cm diameter plastic pots
- Amount of soil: pots filled to a depth of approximately 75 mm
- Method of seeding: seeds placed on surface of soil (75 mm) then approx. 10 mm soil added to pot to cover seeds
- No. of seeds per container: 3 seeds per pot for cabbage, carrot and lettuce, two seeds per pot for tomato and four seeds per pot for barley and onion.
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): all surviving plants retained
- No. of replicates per treatment group: Seven replicates for cabbage, carrot and lettuce, ten replicates for tomato, five replicates for barley and onion.
- No. of replicates per control: same as for treatment groups
- No. of replicates per vehicle control: same as for treatment groups

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: not reported
- Pesticide use history at the collection site: not reported
- Collection procedures: not reported
- Sampling depth (cm): not reported
- Soil texture (if natural soil)
- % sand: 74%
- % silt: 12%
- % clay: 14%
- Soil taxonomic classification: not reported
- Soil classification system: sandy loam (according to UK classification)
- Composition (if artificial substrate):
- Organic carbon (%): 0.8%
- Organic Matter (%): 1.3%
- Available potassium: 88.2 mg/L
- Total potassium: 1241 mg/kg
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weight): not reported
- CEC: not reported
- Pretreatment of soil: sieved to removed all particles >2 mm, not pasturized or heat treated
- Storage (condition, duration): not reported


GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light: 8 h dark
- Light source: not reported
- Light intensity and quality: Refer Table 1
- Day/night temperatures: not reported
- Relative humidity (%): Refer Table 1
- Wind velocity: not reported
- Air exchange rate: not reported
- Watering regime and schedules: Plants were watered as required, maintaining seedling health and growth.
- Water source/type: not reported
- Volume applied: not reported
- Interval of applications: not reported
- Method of application: not reported
- Any pest control method/fertilization (if used): not reported

ACCLIMATION PERIOD: not applicable

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Each pot was inspected daily and the number of emerged plants was recorded, together with any herbicidal symptoms. After 50% emergence in both the controls was achieved, assessment of plant appearance continued at least every one to three days until the plants were harvested. Plants were harvested 15 - 19 days after germination of at least 50% of the seedlings in both controls, by cutting each stem at soil level. The height of each plant was then recorded before they were placed into individually labelled paper bags and dried to a constant weight at approximately 60°C after which the dry weight was recorded. The height of the dicotyledons was measured to the growing point and the length of the longest leaf was recorded for monocotyledons.

- Phytotoxicity rating system (if used):

0: no effects observed.
1: minor effects - slight discolouration of leaves, growth and development of leaves and plants (<10%).
2: notable effects - discoluration of leaves, slight leaf shape/size deformity, slight growth inhibition (10-20%).
3: slight growth inhibition, leaf shape/size deformity, signs of chlorosis/phytotoxicity (<25%).
4: significant growth inhibtion, 25-40% chlorosis/phytotoxicity, leaf development affected.
5: approximately half leave cover by chlorosis/phytotoxicity, significant growth inhibition.
6: Major chorosis/phytotoxicity (50-75%), leaf wilting, average leaf number affected significantly, height significantly affected
7: severe chlorosis/phytotoxicity (75-80%), leaf deformity, height significatly affected, average leaf number affected
8: near total chlorosis/phytotoxicity of leave (80%+), severe growth inhibition, stem/leaf wilting, average leaf number affected, growing point aborting
9: wilting plants, complete chlorosis/phytotoxicity of leaves, lack of growth/development, average number affected, leaf fall
10: plant considered dead

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10 100 and 1000 mg a.i./kg dry soil.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes.
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal: 12.35, 37.0, 111.1, 333.3, 1000 mg/kg dry soil, stock solutions analysed to be within ± 20% of nominal concentration; results based upon nominal soil concentrations.
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
914 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
333.3 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
523 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
680 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
333.3 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
germination
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
819 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
68.44 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
140.09 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
54.39 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
194.32 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
105.05 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
514.68 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
937.92 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
333.3 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
58.84 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
201.75 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
106.07 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
237.81 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth
Remarks:
height
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
71.64 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
106.72 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
64.23 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
136.67 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Lactuca sativa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
70.61 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
142.68 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
210.56 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
491.74 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
111.1 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
44.11 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
163.61 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Daucus carota
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC25
Effect conc.:
109.39 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
470.16 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Key result
Species:
Allium cepa
Duration:
21 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
37 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: dry weight
Details on results:
SEEDLING EMERGENCE
- Percent seedling emergence: Refer Table 2
- Percent survival: Refer Table 2
- Plant height: Refer Table 3
- Dry weight: Refer Table 3
- Abnormal seed development or appearance: no
- Lesions: no
- Swelling: no
- Loss of turgour: no
- Discoloration: no
- Unusual leaf/plant shape or size: no
- Other effects: growth inhibition at higher concentrations

INJURY RATING SYSTEM:

Refer to details on test conditions.
Results with reference substance (positive control):
no reference test conducted
Reported statistics and error estimates:
Statistical analysis of the germination and survival was conducted using 1 tailed Fisher’s exact test.
Statistical analysis of the height and dry weights in comparison to the solvent control, was conducted using Williams’ test. The water control was compared to the solvent control using the t-test.
The dry weight data was log transformed prior to analysis to stabilize the variance and the means are presented as back transformed geometric means.

Table 2           Germination and Survival

 

Species

Treatment

Soil concentration (mg a.i/kg dry soil)

Mean Germination (%)

Total number of plants evaluated at final assessment

Surviving plants corrected for control (%)a

Cabbage

Water Control

0

100

21

100

Solvent Control

0

100

21

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

21

100

37.0

100

21

100

111.1

100

21

100

333.3

100

21

100

1000

95.2

18

90

Carrot

Water Control

0

100

21

100

Solvent Control

0

100

21

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

21

100

37.0

100

21

100

111.1

100

21

100

333.3

100

21

100

1000

71.4

14

93.3

Lettuce

Water Control

0

100

21

100

Solvent Control

0

100

21

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

21

100

37.0

100

21

100

111.1

100

21

100

333.3

100

21

100

1000

100

21

100

Tomato

Water Control

0

100

20

100

Solvent Control

0

100

20

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

20

100

37.0

100

20

100

111.1

100

20

100

333.3

100

20

100

1000

95

19

100

Barley

Water Control

0

100

20

100

Solvent Control

0

100

20

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

20

100

37.0

100

20

100

111.1

100

20

100

333.3

100

20

100

1000

100

20

100

Onion

Water Control

0

100

20

100

Solvent Control

0

100

20

100

C6SFCLA

12.35

100

20

100

37.0

100

20

100

111.1

100

20

100

333.3

100

20

100

1000

15

2

66.7

a: percentage of plants surviving from germination to final assessment, corrected for control survival.

 

Table 3           Percentage Reduction in Height and Dry Weight compared to Solvent Control

 

Species

Treatment

Soil concentration (mg a.i/kg dry soil)

Geometric mean height (cm)

% increase or decrease in mean height

Geometric mean dry weight (mg)

% increase or decrease in mean dry weight

Cabbage

Water Control

0

4.348

-5

21.268

+3

Solvent Control

0

4.578

0

20.710

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

4.310

-6

21.780

+5

37.0

4.218

-8

21.666

+5

111.1

2.569

-44

9.752

-53

333.3

0.890

-81

2.073

-90

1000

0.398

-91

1.604

-92

Carrot

Water Control

0

2.873

+4

3.156

-1

Solvent Control

0

2.766

0

3.179

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

2.620

-5

3.389

+7

37.0

2.587

-6

3.018

-5

111.1

1.579

-43

1.420

-55

333.3

1.077

-61

1.179

-63

1000

0.612

-78

1.053

-67

Lettuce

Water Control

0

1.538

-7

12.831

0

Solvent Control

0

1.662

0

12.885

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

1.667

-0

14.249

+11

37.0

1.445

-13

13.384

+4

111.1

1.030

-38

6.922

-46

333.3

0.568

-66

3.368

-74

1000

0.432

-74

1.811

-86

Tomato

Water Control

0

3.677

0

21.692

+7

Solvent Control

0

3.687

0

20.222

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

3.709

+

21.417

+6

37.0

3.327

-10

21.838

+8

111.1

2.816

-24

11.112

-45

333.3

2.003

-46

5.002

-75

1000

1.606

-56

2.893

-86

Barley

Water Control

0

35.301

0

83.502

+4

Solvent Control

0

35.340

0

79.980

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

35.388

0

82.249

+3

37.0

34.354

-3

78.583

-2

111.1

34.990

-1

75.531

-6

333.3

34.593

-2

47.526

-41

1000

24.571

-30

24.838

-69

Onion

Water Control

0

9.510

0

4.063

-10

Solvent Control

0

9.513

0

4.529

0

C6SFCLA

12.35

9.384

-1

4.736

+5

37.0

9.318

-2

3.881

-14

111.1

6.676

-30

3.255

-28

333.3

4.065

-57

2.932

-35

1000

0.600

-94

1.354

-70

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
In order for the test to be considered valid, the following performance criteria must be met in the controls:
the seedling emergence is at least 70 %; the seedlings do not exhibit visible phytotoxic effects and the plants exhibit only normal variation in growth and morphology for that particular species; the mean survival of emerged control seedlings is at least 90 % for the duration of the study; environmental conditions for a particular species are identical and growing media contain the same amount of soil matrix, support media, or substrate from the same source.
All conditions were met for all species tested, therefore the test is considered valid.
Executive summary:

A study was performed according to OECD 208 to assess the effects of the test item on emergence, survival and growth of six plant species. Seeds were planted in soil treated with the test item and were exposed at nominal concentrations of 12.35, 37, 111.1, 333.3 and 1000 mg/kg dry weight soil for a period of 21 days. As the test item is poorly soluble in water, acetone was used as a co-solvent to aid test solution preparation, and a solvent control group was included. Daily observations were conducted for plant emergence and herbicidal symptoms; at test termination, the height of each plant was recorded then dried to a constant weight. The predominant treatment-related effect in surviving plants was growth inhibition. The lowest EC25 was estimated to be 44.11 mg/kg dry weight for effects on dry weight in carrot; the lowest EC50 was estimated to be 106.72 mg/kg dry weight soil for effects on dry weight in cabbage. The NOEC was determined to be 37 mg/kg dry weight for effects on dry weight and height in cabbage, lettuce, tomato, carrot and onion.

Description of key information

Germination: EC50 - 680 mg/kg (onion), NOEC - 333.3 mg/kg (onion and carrot)

Survival: EC50 - >1000 mg/kg (all species), NOEC - 1000 mg/kg (all species)

Height: EC50 - 140.09 mg/kg (cabbage), NOEC - 37 mg/kg (cabbage, lettuce, tomato, carrot, onion)

Dry Weight: EC50 - 106.72 mg/kg (cabbage), NOEC - 37 mg/kg (cabbage, lettuce, tomato, carrot, onion)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:
106.72 mg/kg soil dw
Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
37 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

A study was performed according to OECD 208 to assess the effects of test item on emergence, survival and growth of six plant species. Seeds were planted in soil treated with the test item and were exposed at nominal concentrations of 12.35, 37, 111.1, 333.3 and 1000 mg/kg dry weight soil for a period of 21 days. As the test substance is poorly soluble in water, acetone was used as a co-solvent to aid test solution preparation, and a solvent control group was included. Daily observations were conducted for plant emergence and herbicidal symptoms; at test termination, the height of each plant was recorded then dried to a constant weight. The predominant treatment-related effect in surviving plants was growth inhibition. The lowest EC25 was estimated to be 44.11 mg/kg dry weight for effects on dry weight in carrot; the lowest EC50 was estimated to be 106.72 mg/kg dry weight soil for effects on dry weight in cabbage. The NOEC was determined to be 37 mg/kg dry weight for effects on dry weight and height in cabbage, lettuce, tomato, carrot and onion.