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EC number: 213-050-5 | CAS number: 919-31-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
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- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
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- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
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- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
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- Endpoint summary
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- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
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- Biotransformation and kinetics
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- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
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- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
In a reliable study performed in accordance with OECD Test Guideline 406 (guinea pig maximisation test) with minor deviations, and in compliance with GLP, 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile is not considered to be a skin sensitiser (Harlan Laboratories, 2010)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2009
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- A re-challenge is done after 16 not 7 days. Testing additional animals is strongly recommended when fewer than 20 test and 10 control guinea pigs have been used and it is not posible to conclude that the test substance is a sensitiser.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- An LLNA study was not performed because the test method is not considered to be suitable for substances that contain silicon. Please refer to the attached document for further details.
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Dunkin-Hartley
- Remarks:
- Albino CRL:(HA)
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Deutschland GmbH, Stolzenseeweg 32-36, 88353 Kisslegg / Germany
- Number of Animals for Main Study /Pretest:15 males / 3 males
- Age at Pretest Start / Beginning of Acclimatization Period: 5-6 weeks
- Body Weight at Pretest Start: Pretest groups: 680 -715 g
- Body Weight at Beginning of Acclimation Period: Test and control group: 604 - 748 g
- Housing: Individually in Makrolon type-4 cages with standard softwood bedding (‘Lignocel’ J. Rettenmaier&Söhne GmbH&CoKG, 73494 Rosenberg / Germany, imported by Provimi Kliba AG, 4303 Kaiseraugst /Switzerland).
- Diet: Pelleted standard Provimi Kliba 3418 guinea pig breeding / maintenance diet batch nos. 44/09 and 52/09, containing Vitamin C (Provimi Kliba AG, 4303 Kaiseraugst / Switzerland), ad libitum. Results of analyses for contaminants are archived at Harlan Laboratories Ltd.
- Water: Community tap water from Füllinsdorf, ad libitum. Results of bacteriological, chemical and contaminant analyses are archived at Harlan Laboratories Ltd.
- Identification: By unique cage number and corresponding individual ear tag.
- Randomization: Selected by hand at time of delivery. No computer generated randomization program.
- Acclimation period: Twelve days for the control and test group under laboratory conditions after health examination. No acclimation period for the animals of the pretest. Only animals without any visible signs of illness were used for the study. A certificate of health was provided by the animal supplier at the animal delivery and included in the raw data.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): Air-conditioned with ranges for room temperature 22 ± 3 °C
- Humidity (%): 30-70%
- Air changes (per hr): 10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours light/ 12 hours dark
- Room temperature and humidity were monitored continuously and values outside of these ranges occasionally occurred, usually following room cleaning. These transient variations are considered not to have any influence on the study and, therefore, these data are not reported but are retained at Harlan Laboratories. Music was played during the daytime light period. - Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- other: Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (glyme)
- Concentration / amount:
- Intradermal induction : 0.1 mL of 50% test substance in vehicle and in FCA/physiological saline
Epidermal induction: 0.3 mL of 100% test substance in vehicle - Day(s)/duration:
- Day 1 for intradermal induction, Day 8 for epidermal induction/48h of application for the closed patch
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest concentration used causing mild-to-moderate skin irritation and well-tolerated systemically
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.2 mL of the test item at 25% in vehicle (and vehicle alone)
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 22/ 24h of application
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- No.:
- #2
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.2 mL of the test item at 25% in vehicle (and vehicle alone)
- Day(s)/duration:
- Day 38/ 24h of application
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- No. of animals per dose:
- 15 (10 test and 5 control) male albino Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs
- Details on study design:
- The dose levels of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile used in the main study were based on results from intradermal and epidermal pretests.
The intradermal induction of sensitization in the test group was performed in the nuchal region with a 50% dilution of the test item in diglyme and in an emulsion of Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA)/physiological saline. The epidermal induction of sensitization was conducted for 48 hours under occlusion with the test item at 100% (undiluted) one week after the intradermal induction. The animals of the control group were intradermally induced with diglyme and FCA/physiological saline and epidermally induced with diglyme under occlusion. Two weeks after epidermal induction the control and test animals were challenged by epidermal application of the test item at 25% in diglyme and diglyme alone under occlusive dressing. Sixteen days after the first challenge a second challenge was performed in the same way as the previous challenge using the test group only and the test item at 25% in diglyme applied on a naive skin site. - Challenge controls:
- The animals of the control group were intradermally induced with diglyme and FCA/physiological saline and epidermally induced with diglyme under occlusion.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- ALPHA-HEXYLCINNAMALDEHYDE at 1% (w/w) in PEG 300
- Positive control results:
- The sensitivity and reliability of the experimental technique employed was assessed by use of ALPHA-HEXYLCINNAMALDEHYDE which is recommended by the OECD 406 Guidelines and is known to have moderate skin sensitization properties in the guinea pig strain. The results from the most recent test run (Harlan Laboratories Study C50652, performed from 27-May-2009 to 20-Jul-2009) ) follow:
One out of 10 test animals showed skin reactions after the first challenge treatment with ALPHA-HEXYLCINNAMALDEHYDE at 1% (w/w) in PEG 300. No skin effect was observed in the control group. Eighty to ninety percent of the test animals showed discrete/patchy erythema at the 24- or 48-hour reading
after the second challenge treatment with ALPHA-HEXYLCINNAMALDEHYDE at 3% (w/v) in PEG 300. No skin effect was observed in the control group. - Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 1
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 2
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 1 in 3 animals, Grade 2 in 2 animals
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 4
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 1 in all animals
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 1
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 1
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 25%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 3%
- No. with + reactions:
- 8
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 1
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- rechallenge
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- 3%
- No. with + reactions:
- 9
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- Grade 1
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of skin sensitisation
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Conclusions:
- In a guinea pig maximisation test study with adjuvant, conducted according to OECD Test Guideline 406 and in compliance with GLP (with minor deviations), 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile is not considered to be a skin sensitiser.
Reference
Table 1: Skin Reactions after the First Challenge Procedure
|
After 24 hours Positive/Total % Positive of Total |
After 48 hours Positive/Total % Positive of Total |
Control Group 3-(TRIETHOXYSILYL) PROPIONONITRILE, 25% in diglyme (left flank)
Diglyme only |
1/5 20
0/5 0 |
0/5 0
0/5 0
|
Test Group 3-(TRIETHOXYSILYL)PROPIONONITRILE, 25% in diglyme (left flank)
Diglyme only |
5/10 50
0/10 0
|
4/10 40
0/10 0 |
Table 2: Skin Reactions after the Second Challenge Procedure
|
After 24 hours Positive/Total % Positive of Total |
After 48 hours Positive/Total % Positive of Total |
Test Group 3-(TRIETHOXYSILYL)PROPIONONITRILE, 25% in diglyme (left flank)
Diglyme only |
1/10 10
0/10 0 |
0/10 0
0/10 0 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
In the key skin sensitisation study available for 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile, conducted according to OECD Test Guideline 406 and in compliance with GLP, no toxic signs were evident in the guinea pigs of the control or test group. No deaths occurred.
The initial challenge indicated that 50% of the test animals had been sensitized at the 24-hour reading with the test item applied at 25% in diglyme while no skin reaction was observed in the same group treated with diglyme alone and in the control group treated identically to the test group during the first challenge procedure. The nature of the reactions at the 48 hours (fading or fully disappearing in three cases) suggests they may in fact be due to skin irritation.
The second challenge performed in the test group under identical conditions on a new test area showed that the responses were not reproducible in the guinea pigs reacting in the first challenge, even in the two strongest reacting animals (with grade 2): all test animals were devoid of any skin reactions, except one animal presenting a grade 1 at the 24-hour reading (no reaction anymore at the 48 hours) as it was already observed in the same animal in the first challenge.
Based on the results of the first and second challenge, it can be concluded that the skin reactions observed in the first challenge were of non-specific irritant and toxic origin and consequently irreproducible by rechallenging the test animals. This consideration is supported by the general opinion that even weak first challenge reactions which are truly of allergic origin can be reproduced, and that rechallenge normally acts as “booster” up-regulating both the frequency and intensity of elicited skin reaction in sensitized animals.
Therefore the test substance 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile is not considered to be a skin sensitiser under the conditions of the test.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the available in vivo skin sensitisation study, 3-(triethoxysilyl)propiononitrile does not meet the criteria for classification as a skin sensitiser according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. There are no data to suggest that classification as a respiratory sensitiser is required.
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