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EC number: 810-288-7 | CAS number: 1700656-13-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2014-02-01 to 2014-02-06
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:
The saturated solution prepared with a nominal loading of 2 mL/L of the test item and further four dilution levels prepared with dilution water out of the saturated solution in a geometric series with a separation factor of 2, were tested as follows:
6.25 - 12.5 - 25.0 - 50.0 - 100 % of the saturated solution. This corresponds to the geometric mean measured concentrations:
85.4 -173 - 341 - 643 - 1427 µg/L.
The test concentrations were selected based on the results of a non GLP preliminary range finding test under static conditions.
- Sampling method:
All concentration levels and the control were analytically verified via UPLC-MS/MS at the start (0 h) and at the end of the exposure
(48 h). At the start of the exposure (0 h), sampling was carried out immediately after preparation of the test concentrations.
At the end of the exposure (48 h), samples were taken directly from the test vessels.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All original samples were stored at room temperature until preparation. Prepared samples were stored in an autosampler at room temperature until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A saturated solution with a nominal loading of 2 mL test item/L was prepared with dilution water three days prior to the start of the exposure phase (0 h). The test item was placed by pipetting (10 mL / 5 L) on the surface of the dilution water.
A slow stirring procedure was applied. Gentle stirring (to avoid formation of an emulsion) was carried out with a magnetic stirrer at approximately 23 °C. After separation of the phases, after at least 1 hour of standing, the saturated solution was taken from the homogeneous phase and was used as stock solution.
The saturated solution prepared with a nominal loading of 2 mL/L of the test item and further four dilution levels prepared with dilution water out of the saturated solution in a geometric series with a separation factor of 2, were tested as follows:
6.25 - 12.5 - 25.0 - 50.0 - 100 % of the saturated solution. This corresponds to the geometric mean measured concentrations:
85.4 -173 - 341 - 643 - 1427 µg/L.
- Dilution water : ISO Test water, according to OECD 202, Annex 3, composition see below
Component Concentration [mg/L]
KCl 5.76
NaHCO3 64.8
CaCl2 2 H2O 294
MgSO4 7 H2O 123
- Controls: Dilution water without test item tested under the same conditions as the test goups. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (STRAUS)
- Strain: Clone 5
- Source: Institut für Wasser-, Boden- Lufthygiene (WaBoLu), further own breeding
- Age at study initiation: 2 to 24 h
- Method of breeding:
In 2-3 L glass vessels with appr. 1.8 L culture medium, at 20 +/- 2°C, in an incubator, 16 h illumination, light intensity of max. 20 µExm-2 x s-1;
Culture feeding: at least 5 times per week ad libitum with a mix of unicellular green algae, e.g. Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus with an algae cell density of > 10^6 cells/mL.
Culture medium: Elendt M4, according to ELENDT (1990), modified to a total hardness of 160 to 180 mg CaCO3/L
- Feeding during test: No feeding
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 2 h in dilution water
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Type and amount of food: No feeding
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Healthy, no mortality observed
DILUTION WATER:
Component Concentration [mg/L]
KCl 5.76
NaHCO3 64.8
CaCl2 2 H2O 294
MgSO4 7 H2O 123
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
- Hardness:
- Dilution water at test start: 262 (mg CaCO3/L)
- Test temperature:
- At test start: 20.1°C (Water)
- pH:
- Please refer to "Any other information on materials and methods"
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Please refer to "Any other information on materials and methods"
- Salinity:
- Not measured, freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Please refer to "Any other information on materials and methods"
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers, loosely covered with a glass watch
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:
Glass beakers (4 cm ID x 7 cm H), 50 mL
- Aeration: No
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Static test (no water renewal)
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): None
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: see above
- Conductivity: Dilution water at test start: 659 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: Elendt M4 acc. to ELENDT (1990), modified to a total hardness of 160 to 180 mg CaCO3/L
- Intervals of water quality measurement: At test start and at test end
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16:8 light:dark cycle
- Light intensity: Diffuse light, illumination strength max. 20 µE x m-2 x s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
-Immobilisation was determined in all groups after 24 and 48 h. An animal was considered to be immobile, if it was not able to swim in the water phase within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test vessel.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study:
Immobilisation Rates in the non GLP Preliminary Range Finding Test
(n = 20, divided into 2 replicates with 10 daphnids each)
Dilution level of
the saturated solution
of the test item
[%] IMMOBILISATION [%]
24 h 48 h
Replicates Replicates
1 2 MV 1 2 MV
100 50 50 50 70 80 75
10 0 10 5 10 10 10
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Control 0 0 0 0 0 0
MV = mean value
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 341 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 341 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 475 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: 0 %
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50/LC50: 1.66 (CI: 1.42 - 1.90) mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
The EC100-values after 24 and 48 h and the NOEC and LOEC after 48 h were deduced directly from the observation data, without mathematical calculation.
EC10- and EC50-values after 48 h were calculated by sigmoidal dose-response regression. The confidence intervals were calculated from the best-fit values, the standard error and the t-distribution with the software GraphPad prism5. The concentration effect relationship is shown graphically. The EC50-value for the reference item and its confidence limits were calculated accordingly.
The EC10- and EC50-values after 24 h could not be calculated due to the lack of effects and were therefore deduced directly from the observation data, without mathematical calculation.- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item the 48 h-EC50 for Daphnia magna was 475 µg/L (95 % confidence limits: 408 – 545 µg/L). The NOEC after 48 h was 341 µg/L. The LOEC after 48 h was 643 µg/L.
- Executive summary:
In the acute immobilisation test withDaphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the test item were determined according to OECD 202 (2004) from 2014-02-01 to 2014-02-06, with the definitive exposure phase from 2014-02-04 to 2014-02-06.
The test item is yellowish, clear and viscous liquid with a water solubility of 0.5 mg/L and a density of 0.87 g/cm3(20 °C, DIN 51757).
A saturated solution* with a nominal loading of 2 mL test item/L was prepared with dilution water three days prior to the start of the exposure phase (0 h). The test item was placed by pipetting (10 mL / 5 L) on the surface of the dilution water. A slow stirring procedure was applied. Gentle stirring (to avoid formation of an emulsion) was carried out with magnetic stirrer at approximately 23 °C. After separation of the phases, after at least 1 hour of standing, the saturated solution was taken from the homogeneous phase and was used as stock solution.
The study was conducted under static conditions over a period of 48 h with the saturated solution with a nominal loading of 2 mL test item/L and further four dilution levels in the range of 6.25 to 100 % of the saturated solution. The dilution levels were prepared with dilution water out of the saturated solution in a geometric series with a separation factor of 2. Twenty daphnids were exposed to each test concentration and the control.
The concentrations of the test item wereanalytically verified via UPLC-MS/MS at the start of the exposure (0 h) and at the end of the exposure (48 h) in all concentration levels and the control.
The initially measured concentrations of the test item at the start of the exposure (0 h) were 106 to 1432 µg/L. At the end of the exposure (48 h), the measured concentrations of the test item were in the range of 65 to 99 % of the initially measured concentrations. The geometric mean measured test item concentrations were calculated to be: 85.4 – 173 – 341 – 643 – 1427 µg/L.
The effect levels given are based on the geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item are given in the table below.
The water quality parameters (i.e. pH-value and dissolved oxygen concentration), measured at the start (0 h) and at the end of the exposure (48 h), were within the acceptable limits. The validity criteria of the test guideline were fulfilled.
Based onthe geometric mean measured concentrationsof the test item
the 48 h-EC50forDaphnia magnawas 475 µg/L (95 % confidence limits: 408 – 545 µg/L).
The NOEC after 48 h was 341 µg/L.The LOEC after 48 h was 643 µg/L.
EC10-, EC50-, EC100-Values (with Confidence Interval), NOEC and LOEC
(based on the geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item)
Effect levels
Test
duration
[h]
test item
Geometric mean measured
concentration
[µg/L]
Confidence limits
p = 95%[µg/L]
EC10
24
1427
Not applicable
48
341
< 85.4 – 445
EC50
24
> 1427
Not applicable
48
475
408 – 545
EC100
24
> 1427
Not applicable
48
1427
592 – > 1427
NOEC
48
341
Not applicable
LOEC
48
643
Not applicable
Reference
Description of key information
Based on the geometric mean measured concentrations of the test item the 48 h-EC50 for Daphnia magna was 475 µg/L (95 % confidence limits: 408 – 545 µg/L). The NOEC after 48 h was 341 µg/L. The LOEC after 48 h was 643 µg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 475 µg/L
Additional information
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