Rectified Essential Oil of Pogostemon cablin (Lamiaceae) with high content in alpha and delta guaiene obtained from leaves by distillation.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

calculation (if not (Q)SAR)

Remarks:

Estimated by calculation

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2018-02-22 to 2018-04-24

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

accepted calculation method

Remarks:

Calculation method is used; calculation method applicable for that endpoint.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

calculation mrthod

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The acute toxicity to aquatic algae was determined using a validated QSAR for the Mode of Action in question. The first step of the iSafeRat mixture toxicity calculation employs phase equilibrium thermodynamics in order to determine the concentrations of each constituent within the WAF. This fraction equates to the analysable fraction of a WAF study.
Within the WAF, the constituents also partition between themselves further reducing the bioavailable fraction and thus the toxicity of the mixture compared to the individual constituents. In the calculation the second step is to remove this non-bioavailable fraction.
The final step is to determine the truly bioavailable fraction of the WAF per constituent. The ErC50s of each constituent are already known from literature or calculated using the iSafeRat QSAR model. An additivity approach (based on Chemical Activity of each constituent) is used in order to calculate the Effective Loading rate of the WAF.
The method has been validated using data derived from 72-hour ErC50 tests on aquatic algae, for which the concentrations of the test item had been determined by chemical analyses over the test period. Further to this the effective loading rate of the WAF is determined by using a series of calculation steps using phase equilibrium thermodynamics and excluding the non-bioavailable fraction.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Not applicable.

Analytical monitoring:

not required

Details on sampling:

Not applicable.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Not appliable.

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Details on test organisms:

Not appliable.

Test type:

other: calculation method

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

72h-ErL50 (effective loading rate of WAF)

Post exposure observation period:

Not appliable.

Hardness:

Hardness is not a necessary component of the WAF calculation.

Test temperature:

The Temperature is not a necessary component of the WAF calculation.

pH:

The pH is not a necessary component of the WAF calculation .

Dissolved oxygen:

The oxygen concentration is not a necessary component of the WAF calculation.

Salinity:

Salinity is not a necessary component of the WAF calculation.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The calculation determines measured concentrations.

Details on test conditions:

Calculation method.

Reference substance (positive control):

not required

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: Based on the typical composition, the 72h-ErL50 was predicted to be > water solubility limit

Details on results:

Not applicable.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Not applicable

No data.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on its typical composition,The 72h-ErL50 Patchouli EO Fraction Alpha Guaiene Rich as predicted to be greater than the water solubility limit within the exposure period of the test.

Executive summary:

The 72h-ErL50 Patchouli EO Fraction Alpha Guaiene Rich is a Natural Complex Substance (UVCB) with a well-defined composition. Its acute toxicity to aquatic algae has been investigated using an in-house calculation method that replaces an OECD 201 study and guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 23 (i.e. WAF conditions). A typical composition has been investigated.

The first step of the iSafeRat mixture toxicity calculation employs phase equilibrium thermodynamics in order to determine the concentrations of each constituent within the WAF. This fraction equates to the analyzable fraction of a WAF study.

Within the WAF, the constituents also partition between themselves further reducing the bioavailable fraction and thus the toxicity of the mixture compared to the individual constituents. In the calculation the second step is to remove this non-bioavailable fraction.

The final step is to determine the truly bioavailable fraction of the WAF per constituent. The ErC50s of each constituent are already known from literature or predicted using the iSafeRat QSAR model. An additivity approach (based on Chemical Activity of each constituent) is used in order to calculate the Effective Loading rate of the WAF.

Using a loading rate of 0.15 mg/L, i.e.at the maximal solubility of the UVCB in water, and after removal of the non-bioavailable fraction, the remaining solubilised fraction is not sufficient to exert any toxicity effect. Therefore it is not possible to determine a 72-hour ErL₅₀ below the water solubility limit.

Based on its typical composition,the 72h-ErL50 Patchouli EO Fraction Alpha Guaiene Rich was therefore predicted to be greater than the water solubility limit within the exposure period of the test.

Results Synopsis

Test Type: Calculation method

72h-EL50: Higher than water solubility

Description of key information

Based on a calculation method, the following toxicity value has been found for the registered substance:

- 72h-ErL50 > water solubility limit

Additional information

For that endpoint, one study with the registered substance was available. Indeed, the toxicity to aquatic algae of the registered substance has been investigated using an in-house calculation method that replaces an OECD 201 study and guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 23 (i.e. WAF conditions).

A typical composition of the substance has been investigated. The algorithm used for the purpose of this study is based on a QSAR model which has been validated to be compliant with the OECD recommendations for QSAR modeling (OECD, 2004).

The first step of the iSafeRat mixture toxicity calculation employs phase equilibrium thermodynamics in order to determine the concentrations of each constituent within the WAF. This fraction equates to the analyzable fraction of a WAF study. Within the WAF, the constituents also partition between themselves further reducing the bioavailable fraction and thus the toxicity of the mixture compared to the individual constituents. In the calculation the second step is to remove this non-bioavailable fraction. These two reasons explain why ecotoxicity values from WAF studies are always higher for non-polar narcotic mixtures than the calculated values from CLP additivity calculation.

The final step is to determine the truly bioavailable fraction of the WAF per constituent.

The ErC50s of each constituent were already known from litterature or were predicted using the iSafeRat QSAR model.

Then, an additivity approach (based on Chemical Activity of each constituent) is used in order to calculate the Effective Loading rate of the WAF.

Using a loading rate of 0.15 mg/L, i.e.at the maximal solubility of the UVCB in water, and after removal of the non-bioavailable fraction, the remaining solubilised fraction is not sufficient to exert any toxicity effect. Therefore it is not possible to determine a 72-hour ErL₅₀ below the water solubility limit.

Based on the results of this study, the substance would not be classified as acute 1 to aquatic organisms in accordance with the classification of the CLP.

This toxicity study is acceptable and can be used for that endpoint.