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EC number: 203-459-7 | CAS number: 107-07-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is comparable to OECD Guideline 474 with acceptable restrictions (partly limited documentation, e.g. no details about the test substance or housing conditions).
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Evaluation of a three-exposure mouse bone marrow micronucleus protocol: results with 49 chemicals
- Author:
- Shelby MD, Erexson GL, Hook GJ, and Tice RR
- Year:
- 1 993
- Bibliographic source:
- Environ Mol Mutagen 21: 160-179
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- According to Tice, R.R. et al.: Mutagenesis 5, 313-321 (1990)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- micronucleus assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-chloroethanol
- EC Number:
- 203-459-7
- EC Name:
- 2-chloroethanol
- Cas Number:
- 107-07-3
- Molecular formula:
- C2H5ClO
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-chloroethan-1-ol
- Details on test material:
- Source: NTP chemical repository (Radian Corporation, Austin, Tx)
No further details
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- B6C3F1
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Source: NTP Taconic Farms
Age: 9-14 weeks at initiation
Weight: 25-33 g at initiation
Additional information on housing in Tice, R.R. et al.: Mutagenesis 5, 313-321 (1990)
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- PBS (physiol. saline)
- Details on exposure:
- Application volume: 0.4 ml/mouse
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 3 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- once daily (totally 3 injections)
- Post exposure period:
- 24 h after the last application animals were sacrificed and bone marrow samples prepared.
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg bw
Basis:
other: actual injected
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 males
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Yes, 0.2 mg/kg bw mitomycin C in PBS
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- Polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) of bone marrow.
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- CRITERIA FOR DOSE SELECTION:
In preliminary studies the dose for the mutagenicity test was determined. Mortality and depression of erythropoiesis were studied after an exposure period of 3 days (i.p. application once daily; 3 dose levels) and sacrifice 48 h after the last application; bone marrow samples were analysed for PCEs. The dose level resulting in depression of percentage of bone marrow PCE (no less than 15% of the erythrocytes) was determined and used as max. dose level in the main mutagenicity experiment. Three dose levels were used in the mutagenicity assay: max. dose level, 50% of max. dose and 25% of max. dose.
DETAILS OF SLIDE PREPARATION:
Air dried cells fixed using absolute methanol and stained with acridine orange; cells evaluated at 1000x magnification, fluorescence microspopy. 2000 PCEs per animal were analysed for micronuclei. Percentage of PCEs in 200 erythrocytes determined. - Evaluation criteria:
- Not clearly specified by the authors except statistical significance. Presumably also comparison with historical control range.
- Statistics:
- Data analysed by Micronucleus Assay Data Management and Statistical software package (version 1.4); level of significance was 0.05; pooled data analysed by a one-tailed trend test and %PCEs analysed by ANOVA plus unadjusted one-tailed Pearson chi-squared test
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- yes
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- No clastogenic activity was found; details are presented in the Table below.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Micronuclei in PCEs of the mouse bone marrow after i.p. injection of 2-chloroethanol
Dose in mg/kg bw/day |
%o micronucleated PCEs (no. of animals) |
Survival of mice |
% PCEs |
0 |
2.30+-0.26 (5) |
5/5 |
55.9 |
25 |
2.10+-0.25 (5) |
5/5 |
50.8 |
50 |
1.25+-0.25 (4) |
5/5 |
55.9 |
100 |
2.60+-0.53 (5) |
5/5 |
53.1 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
In the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay no mutagenic activity was detected at dose levels reaching toxicity threshold. - Executive summary:
The study is comparable to OECD Guideline 474 with acceptable restrictions (partly limited documentation, e.g. no details about the test substance or housing conditions).
In the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay 5 male B6C3F1 mice per group were i.p. injected with 0, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg bw/day for 3 days. The dose level was determined in preliminary toxicity studies. The mice were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection and bone marrow samples prepared. There was no increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. The vehicle control and the positive control were valid.
Conclusion: In the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay no mutagenic activity was detected at dose levels reaching toxicity threshold.
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