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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-474-9 | CAS number: 107-22-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
According to structural properties, hydrolysis is not expected. Available data demonstrates that hydrolysis at pH ≤8 does practically not occur (WoE for Hydrolysis, 2018).
Moreover, in accordance with column 2 of REACH Annex VIII, the hydrolysis test does not need to be conducted as the substance is readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The prescribed pH values for the hydrolysis test are pH 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0. At these pH values, dialdehydes such as glyoxal are stable against hydrolysis. Therefore, testing is not necessary.
Dialdehydes, especially glyoxal and methylglyoxal, were intensively examined regarding their hydrolysis behaviour already in the years 1920 - 1930.
It was observed that glyoxal is stable against hydrolysis at pH values < 7.5 (Aryama, 1928; Friedemann, 1927; Sakuma, 1931). In aqueous glyoxal solutions, stable oligomeric or polymeric glyoxal species are in equilibrium with monomeric glyoxal (Shaffer & Friedemann, 1924; Whipple, 1970). With increasing alkalinity glycolic acid is formed, which becomes first detectable at pH 11, and is rapidly formed at pH 12. This alkali influence is interpreted as the shift of the equilibrium between polyglyoxal and monoglyoxal and the increasing tendency towards enolization with increasing pH value (Shaffer & Friedemann, 1924). The mechanism of the internal disproportionation of glyoxal to glycolic acid at high pH values was investigated in D2O (Fredenhagen & Bonhoeffer, 1938). It was found that also at the internal Cannizzaro reaction the hydrogen is transferred directly from one carbon to the other. Glyoxal does not exchange with slightly alkaline D2O, since a possible exchange (i.e. hydrolysis) should be manifested in a deuterium content of the glycolic acid. Thus, the above data demonstrated that hydrolysis at pH ≤8 does practically not occur.
According to structural properties, hydrolysis is not expected.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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