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EC number: 202-851-5 | CAS number: 100-42-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- specific investigations: other studies
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Ring-oxidized metabolites of styrene contribute to styrene-induced Clara-cell toxicity in mice.
- Author:
- Cruzan G, Carlson GP, Turner M, Mellert W.
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- J Toxicol Environ Health, Part A 68(3): 229-237
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- European risk assessment report, Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007.
- Author:
- European Union
- Year:
- 2 007
- Bibliographic source:
- Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- In a study conducted to investigate the role of the ring-oxidized metabolite of styrene, 4-VP, in mouse lung toxicity, groups of 4-5 male CD-1 mice received a single ip injection of 0 or 100 mg/kg 4-VP.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- in vivo
- Endpoint addressed:
- not applicable
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Styrene
- EC Number:
- 202-851-5
- EC Name:
- Styrene
- Cas Number:
- 100-42-5
- Molecular formula:
- C8H8
- IUPAC Name:
- ethenylbenzene
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The substance tested is a metabolite of styrene.
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CD-1
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, Wilmington, MA
- Weight at study initiation: 22-24 g
- Housing: in air conditioned rooms
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): standard rodent diet (Purina 5001, Purina Milss, St. Louis, MO) or pellets (Provimi KLIBA SA, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): from water bottles
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-24 °C
- Humidity (%): 30-70%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- no
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single injection
- Frequency of treatment:
- once
- Post exposure period:
- 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, 4 and 6 d
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
100 mg/kg bodyweight
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4-5
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- Groups of 4 to 5 male CD-1 control mice or mice administered 100 mg/kg 4-vinylphenol ip (weighing 22-24 g) were sacrificed after 12, 24, 48 or 72 h or 4 or 6 d. Mice were anesthetized with diethyl ether; the trachea was exposed, where a small nick was made and an oral feeding needle inserted and tied in place. The lungs were lavaged twice with 0.8 ml of room-temperature lavage fluid (total 1.6 ml); recovery was about 85%. The fluid consisted of NaCl (145 mM), KCl (5 mm), NaH 2PO 4 (1.9 mm), Na2HPO4 (9.4 mM), and glucose (5.5 mm) at a pH of 7.4.
The difference from control was evaluated using Student's test (Instat by GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA) with a significance value of p < 0.05. Serum sorbitol dehydrogenase was evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test (Siegel, 1956) with a significance value of p < 0.05.
Examinations
- Examinations:
- The number of cells in 100 µl bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was counted using a hemocytometer. The remaining BALF from each mouse was centrifuged at low speed, the amount of protein was determined using the bicinchoninic method (Redinbaugh & Turley, 1986), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured by the spectrophotometric method of Vassault (1983).
Results and discussion
- Details on results:
- 4-Vinylphenol administration resulted in lung damage as measured by increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (approx. 2-fold compared to controls), and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) 12 h after a single 100-mg/kg ip administration to CD-1 mice. LDH activity remained elevated until d 4; the number of cells remained elevated until d 6 (approx. 7- to 20-fold compared to controls). Protein was significantly elevated only on d3.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Lactate dehydrogenase (a) |
Cells (b) |
Protein (c) |
||||
Time after application |
Control |
4-VP |
Control |
4-VP |
Control |
4-VP |
12 h |
125.6 ± 26.3 |
200.2 ± 12.8 (d) |
109 ± 37 |
795 ± 116 (d) |
524 ± 59 |
452 ± 67 |
24 h |
92.5 ± 23.1 |
254.2 ± 26.0 (d) |
40 ± 14 |
1104 ± 89 (d) |
408 ± 48 |
454 ± 52 |
48 h |
97.5 ± 21.0 |
210.1 ± 25.7 (d) |
44 ± 13 |
753 ± 230 (d) |
360 ± 40 |
486 ± 63 |
72 h |
73.0 ± 14.1 |
156.6 ± 14.7 (d) |
76 ± 14 |
1415 ± 41 (d) |
360 ± 28 |
598 ± 68 (d) |
4 d |
89.2 ± 16.9 |
86.1 ± 4.5 |
67 ± 16 |
345 ± 200 (d) |
368 ± 25 |
478 ± 51 |
6 d |
77.8 ± 9.1 |
104.5 ± 11.8 |
76 ± 21 |
51 ± 15 |
442 ± 10 |
520 ± 33 |
(a) µmol/min/L of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(b) cells/µL bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(c) µg protein/ µL bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(d) significantly different from control p<0.05
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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