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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-157-5 | CAS number: 7440-47-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: terrestrial
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Several reports (WHO, 2009 ; EU RA on chromates (ECB, 2005) ; Voluntary Risk Assessment of Metallic Chromium and Trivalent Chromium Compounds (ICDA, 2010)) all demonstrate that:
- “Chromium in soil is present mainly as insoluble oxide and is not very mobile. Chromium (III) is expected to be rapidly and strongly adsorbed onto soil, particularly by iron and manganese oxides, clay minerals, and sand.
- “The sorption of chromium to soil depends primarily on the clay content of the soil and, to a lesser extent, on iron oxide and the organic content of soil.
- “Chromium that is irreversibly sorbed onto soil, will not be bioavailable to plants or animals under any conditions (Calder, 1988; Hassan & Garrison, 1996). Chromium (III) appears to be much more strongly adsorbed to soils than is chromium (VI) (Hassan & Garrison, 1996).” (WHO, 2009)
- “Chromium is largely immobile in plants: chromium is strongly bound to soil, mainly retains in plant roots and is not/poorly translocated to plant foliage. This mechanism limits the concentration of chromium in edible plants part and prevent the secondary poisoning mechanism.
If this unlikely behavior of chromium (III) to pass from the soil to plant upper part is largely describes in the literature and assessment reports, several supportive publications, all Klimisch 2 quoted are described here.
Authors demonstrated that the bioaccumululation of chromium (III) is mostly in roots in several species just like Mentha piperita (Razic and Dogo 2010 ; Dogo et al., 2010 ; Barouchas et al 2014) ; onion (Allium cepa cv. Hybrid ; Nematshahi et al 2012) ; Lippia citriodora (Barouchas et al 2014) at Cr (III) concentrations ranged from 0 to 200 mg/Kg soil and pH ranged from 5-7. The same conclusion has been hold on two wild plant species: Parthenium hysterophorus and Solanum nigrum (UdDin et al 2014)
Results show that most Cr(III) remained in the roots, with comparatively little transport to the upper portions of the plant.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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