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EC number: 205-487-5 | CAS number: 141-52-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Acceptable, well reported guideline study with sufficient documentation to demonstrate that it meets key scientific principles and contains enough detail to be able to judge the results reliable as a contribution to the understanding of the acute toxicity of this substance. As there is no information on test substance loss (despite precautions to minimise this) it is rated reliable with restrictions.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The senisitivity of Lemna gibba G-3 and four clones of Lemna minor to eight common chemicals using a 7-day test
- Author:
- Cowgill, U., Milazzo, D., Landenberger, B.
- Year:
- 1 991
- Bibliographic source:
- Res. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 63:991-998.
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OTS 797.1160 (Aquatic Plant Toxicity Test using Lemna spp. Tiers I & II))
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.4400 (Aquatic Plant Toxicity Test using Lemna spp. Tiers I & II))
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- , no renewal
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethanol
- EC Number:
- 200-578-6
- EC Name:
- Ethanol
- Cas Number:
- 64-17-5
- Molecular formula:
- C2H6O
- IUPAC Name:
- ethanol
- Details on test material:
- - Analytical purity: 100% absolute dehydrated.
- Source: US Industrial chemicals
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION: Not described.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna gibba
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: duckweed
- Strain/clone: G-3
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Smithsonian Institute, Washington DC
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): Clone historically maintained axenically by weekly transfer of 15 fronds, 5 plants into fresh sterile medium.
- Method of cultivation:
- Temperature: 25 +/-2C
- Light: 6461 (+/-323) lux
- Photoperiod; continuous
- Medium: Revised Hoagland's, 100ml/vessel
- Septic conditions: axenic
- Vessel; Erlenmeyer 250ml glass flask, Shimadzu closure
- Habitat maintenance: weekly renewal
- Initial plant number: 5
- Frond/plant: 15
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Acclimation period was 8 weeks.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: none reporte.
- Health criteria: Net plant and frond increase.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Growth/test medium chemistry: Water hardness 636 mg/l as CaCO3.
- Test temperature:
- Maintained at 25 +/-0.7 degree C
- pH:
- Without growth: 4.5 - 5.0. With growth: 4.6 - 5.1
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations 0, 1.0, 1.7, 2.8, 4.7, 7.8, 13, 21, 36, 60, 101, 168, 280, 467, 778, 1296, 2160, 3600, 6000, 10000, 16000, 21000mg/l
Method of calculating mean measured concentrations: Only nominal concentrations were used. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
- Type: closed, Shimadzu closures covered with parafilm to avoid evaporative loss.
- Fill volume: 100ml
- Type of cover:
- Aeration:
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3 times
- Initial plant number: 5
- Initial frond number: 15
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dilution water source not specified.
- Alkalinity: 23 mg/l as CaCO3
- Conductivity: 5000 micromhos/cm
- pH: 4.5 to 5.1.
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, grown on Hoagland’s medium but omitting sugar, yeat extract, bactotyptone and EDTA.
- Medium was renewed weekly
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: 5382 +/- 89 lux on test.
- Sterile test conditions: yes
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Plant fronds counted visually.
- Determination of plant frond number: at end of study
- Determination of biomass: dry weight at end of study. Biomass measured by dry weight of plants and fronds
- Determination of frond area: no
- Other: - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4 432 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: number of plants
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 845 - 8018
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4 816 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 1635 - 7998
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 967 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Dry weight. 95% CI: 1640 - 10293
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 280 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: number of plants
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 280 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 296 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Dry weight
- Details on results:
- - Observations: Results were not given for each of the 21 occurrences.
- Any visual signs of phytotoxicity (abnormalities): none reported
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: none reported
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC50 = 28-40mg/l depending on end point.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical method: EC50 - regression analysis;
NOEL: Dunnett's test.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Insufficient data on control response. Positive control responded appropriately.
- Conclusions:
- Ethanol is practically non-toxic to lemna
- Executive summary:
In a well reported study that was carried out to guideline, Lemna minor (clone 7102) was exposed to ethanol over a concentration range of 1 to 21000mg/l over a 7 day period. The measures of growth inhibition used to assess toxicity were number of plants, number of fronds and total dry biomass at the end of the study compared to controls. The results for each measure are shown below:
Synopsis
Plant number: NOEC(7 day) = 280mg/l. EC50(7 day) = 4432mg/l
Frond number: NOEC(7 day) = 280mg/l. EC50(7 day) = 4816mg/l
Biomass: NOEC(7 day) = 1296mg/l. EC50(7 day) = 5967mg/l
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