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EC number: 620-365-5 | CAS number: 9016-72-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998/02/21 to 1998/03/11
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
- Report date:
- 1998
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Version / remarks:
- 1981
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Test type:
- traditional method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- polymeric zinc 1,2-propylenebis(dithiocarbamate)
- EC Number:
- 620-365-5
- Cas Number:
- 9016-72-2
- IUPAC Name:
- polymeric zinc 1,2-propylenebis(dithiocarbamate)
- Test material form:
- solid
- Remarks:
- Powder
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Hsd Cpb:WU
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Acclimatization period: at least 5 days.
- Weight at dosing: At the study start the variation of individual weights did not exceed ±10 % of the mean for each sex.
- Age: 2 - 3 months old.
- Housing: singly in conventional Makrolon® Type II cages, Cages and water bottles were changed twice a week while unconsumed feed was changed once per week. The legal requirements for housing experimental animals (86/609 EEC) were followed.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 22 ± 2°C
- Humidity: Approximately 40 to 60%
- Air changes (per hr): Approximately 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- nose only
- Vehicle:
- air
- Remarks:
- The test substance was aerosolized as dust without the use of any additional vehicle.
- Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD):
- >= 1.97 - <= 3.32 µm
- Geometric standard deviation (GSD):
- >= 1.97 - <= 2.31
- Remark on MMAD/GSD:
- 500 mg/kg bw: MMAD = 1.97 µm, GSD = 1.97
1000 mg/kg bw: MMAD = 2.40 µm, GSD = 2.31
2500 mg/kg bw: MMAD = 3.32 µm, GSD = 2.15 - Details on inhalation exposure:
- For powder dispersion, conditioned compressed air (28 L of air/min; continuous operation) was used. The principle performance of the last dust generating system can be described as follows: The test substance was entrained into a glass reservoir (approximately 1/2 kg). From this reservoir it was fed (by suction) into the orifice of a venturi tube.
The airborne powder was then entrained into the inner cylinder of the inhalation chamber. Reproducible and temporally stable dosing into the orifice was achieved by an oscillating orifice. The orifice size was adjusted manually in order to obtain the targeted flow of powder. Stirring of the reservoir was performed using a minimum number of revolutions per unit of time. Thus the flowability of the test compound was maintained without inducing a vertical inhomogeneity of active ingredient and/or inert particles.
Optimization of respirability: The cyclone increases the efficiency of the generation of respirable particles and prevents larger particles from entering the chamber. To achieve the targeted high concentrations (group 3 and 4) the cyclone had to be omitted. Inhalation Chamber: The aluminum inhalation chamber has the following dimensions: inner diameter = 14 cm, outer diameter = 35 cm (two-chamber system), height = 25 cm (internal volume = about 3.8 L)
Airflows: During the exposure period air flows were monitored continuously and, if necessary, readjusted to the conditions required. Air flows were measured with calibrated flow-meters and/or soap bubble meter (Gilibrator, Strohlein Instruments, Kaarst) and were checked for correct performance at regular intervals.
Conditioning the compressed air: Compressed air was supplied by Boge compressors and was conditioned (i.e. freed from water, dust, and oil) automatically by a VIA compressed air dryer. Adequate control devices were employed to control supply pressure. Samples were taken from the breathing zone - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 470, 1043, 2420 mg/m³
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- Duration of observation period following administration was 3 weeks. Observations and weighing for body weights were measured before exposure, on days 3 and 7, and weekly thereafter. Individual weights are also recorded at death, if applicable. The appearance and behavior of each rat were examined carefully several times on the day of exposure and at least once daily thereafter. Necropsy was performed of the survivors as well as rectal temperature
- Statistics:
- - Statistically significant differences (versus control) were indicated by asterisks ('*' for p < 0.05 and '**' for p < 0.01).
- Necropsy findings: pairwise Fisher test was used after the R x C chi-square test (HP 3000, Department of Toxicology, Bayer AG).
- Body weights and physiological data: one-way ANOVA (vide infra).
- Calculation of the LC50 performed by computer (HP 3000).If only 2 pairs of values with greater than 0% lethality and less than 100% are available then the first linear approximation is based on these values and a x2-homogeneity test is not performed. The interpolated concentration at 50% lethality in this case was
designated the approximate.
- Randomization: A computerized list of random numbers served the purpose to
assign animals at random to the treatment groups.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 2 420 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Key result
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 983 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 658 - <= 1 468
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- 1043 mg/m³: 1/5 male rats died on day 7 and 3/5 female rats died between day 5 and 7 post exposure;
2420 mg/m³: 1/5 male rats died on day 8 and all female rats died between days 4 and 8 post exposure.
No mortality was observed in the low dose groups. - Clinical signs:
- other: Exposure to 1043 and 2420 mg/m³ resulted in bradypnea, labored breathing pattern, dyspnea, motility reduced, limp, flaccid hindlimbs, prostration, emaciation, chromodakryorrhea, decreased body weights, hypothermia.
- Body weight:
- Decrease in body weights.
- Gross pathology:
- Animals that died intercurrently:
- Lungs: less collapsed, dark-red foci/areas;
- Intestine: red slimy content, red mucosa;
- Eyes: red encrustations; periorbital wetness;
- Hindlimbs: atrophy of musculature; thymus: dark-red foci.
Animals sacrificed at the end of the observation period: In rats exposed to the test compound a conclusive, concentration-dependent increased incidence of macroscopic findings could not be ascertained. Therefore, the gray/white-foci or discolorations of lungs observed, however, are not considered to be causally related to the exposure to the test substance. Findings such as mild discoloration's of lung and other parenchymatous organs are often observed in control animals euthanized with pentobarbital. - Other findings:
- NOAEL:
Males & females: < 470 mg/m3 air
Any other information on results incl. tables
All male animals showed normal reflexes. One female rat in each of group 2 and 3 and 3 female rats of group 4 experienced a decreased tonus.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 3 based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- A study on the acute inhalation toxicity with the test substance on rats has been conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 403 and the respective EU-Guideline using propineb as a test substance. Groups of rats were nose-only exposed to average solid aerosol (dust) concentrations of 470, 1043 and 2420 mg/m³ air. The aerosolized test substance (dust) proved to have a low to moderate acute inhalation toxicity to rats. Specific pathognomonic findings indicating a causal relationship between exposure concentration and mortality cannot be deduced from the findings obtained.
- Executive summary:
A study on the acute inhalation toxicity with the test substance on rats has been conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 403. Groups of rats were nose-only exposed to average solid aerosol (dust) concentrations of 470, 1043 and 2420 mg/m³ air.
Exposure to a dust concentration of 470 mg/m³ was tolerated without mortality and rats merely showed transient and minimal clinical signs, such as limp appearance, decrease in body weights and hypothermia. Exposure to 1043 and 2420 mg/m³ resulted in delayed type mortality between the forth or eighth postexposure day.
In these exposure group signs were observed up to postexposure day 15 (major signs included: Bradypnea, labored breathing pattern, dyspnea, motility reduced, limp, flaccid hindlimbs, prostration, emaciation, chromodakryorrhea, decreased body weights, hypothermia). The onset of neuromuscular signs appears to occur in a delayed manner. With regard to the respirability of the aerosol generated the recommendations in the OECD 403 were fulfilled, i.e. the MMAD was in the range of 1 - 4 µm and the GSD between 1.5 to 3 (MMAD = 1.97 - 3.32 µm, GSD = 1.97 - 2.31).
In summary, the aerosolized test substance (dust) proved to have a low to moderate acute inhalation toxicity to rats. Specific pathognomonic findings indicating a causal relationship between exposure concentration and mortality cannot be deduced from the findings obtained.
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