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EC number: 701-325-7 | CAS number: -
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
No exposure, no effects of the high background levels
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
- Motalib A, Abdul Rida M, Bouche MB (1997). Heavy Metal Linkages with Mineral, Organic and Living Soil Compartments. Soil Biol Biochem 29(3/4):649-55.
- Totaro EA, Lucadamo L, Coppa T, Turano C, Gervasi R (1992). Effects of Iron Pollution on Macroinvertebrates Promoting Organic Matter Transformation in Soils of Presila Cosentina (Italy). Biol. Fertil. Soils 14(4):223-229.
According to the exposure scenario, no soil exposure is expected from the submission item.
Iron
Iron is an essential element for soil organisms. There are no literature reported standard terrestrial toxicity assessments for these iron salts. A paper by Motalib et al (1997) shows that there is no relationship between soil Fe levels and earthworm tissue bioconcentrations, indicating that iron uptake is low. The general expectation would therefore be that where there was a deficiency, iron additions would be beneficial up to a limiting value. Any test work would be complicated by the rapid conversion of iron salts to insoluble iron hydroxides in soil, dependence on soil pH and interactions with other species.
A 75 day study of the effects ferric chloride on the earthworm (Octalasion complanatum) was conducted by Totaro et al (1992) in an indoor laboratory site with worms collected from a natural population. The study has been assigned reliability 2. The results, expressed as measured Fe concentrations in the soil, showed that individual weight was reduced by exposure to a concentration of 27-42 g/kg. Juvenile abundance was unaffected at a concentration of 27-42 g/kg.
The total biomass of the population was reduced by exposure to a concentration of 27-35 g/kg.
A 75 day study with iron chloride, that has been assigned reliability 2, was conducted in an indoor laboratory site with the Brown gardensnail (Helix aspersa). Snails were exposed to the test substance in soil for 75 days and the numbers of adults and juveniles determined on day 25, 50 and 75 (termination) of the test. Biomass (individuals and total) was determined only on day 75.
Individual weight was reduced by exposure to a measured concentration of 27-42 g/kg (as Fe) but was unaffected by exposure to 27-30 g/kg. Juvenile abundance was unaffected at either concentration (Totaro et al 1992).
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