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EC number: 245-740-7 | CAS number: 23564-05-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2011-08-26 to 2012-01-04
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 216 (Soil Microorganisms: Nitrogen Transformation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2000
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 217 (Soil Microorganisms: Carbon Transformation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2000
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- AMENDMENT OF SOIL
One common agricultural soil was used for the study. The sampling depth was 0 - 20 cm (mixed sample). The soil parameters were in accordance with the recommendations of the OECD guidelines 216 and 217.
The test soil was sieved to a particle size of 2 mm. Prior to the initiation of the study, the moisture content of the soil and the amount of water needed to adjust the soil moisture content to 45 % WHCmax (maximum water holding capacity) were calculated. The test item was applied at a concentration of 7.0 and 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight, respectively.
For the nitrogen turnover the soil and finely ground lucerne meal (source: Obere Muhle, D-75399 Kapfenhardt; sieve size < 1 mm, C/N-ratio: 15:1) were thoroughly mixed before application by hand. The final concentration of the dried lucerne meal was 0.5 % of the soil dry weight.
For the short-term respiration the amount of glucose needed to obtain maximal short-term rates of respiration in the test soil was determined prior to the beginning of the test. A concentration of 200 mg glucose/100 g soil wet weight was found to be the optimum and was used in the test.
APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE TO SOIL
- Method: For application, 5 mL of the test solutions were transferred onto 29.1 g quartz sand. After evaporation of the solvent the quartz sand was mixed with the appropriate amount of moist soil (3300 g) to obtain the assigned nominal test concentrations for the test vessels. Accordingly solvent treated quartz sand and untreated quartz sand were mixed with the appropriate amount of soil for the control treatments. To achieve 45 % of WHCmax 87.4 g deionised water was added to each treatment group. Each treatment group (soil with the test item added at two different concentrations, solvent control or untreated control) contained 3300 g moist soil for the nitrogen turnover and for the short-term respiration. - Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 20.5 - 21.5 °C
- Moisture:
- 36.40 WHCmax (%)
- Organic carbon content (% dry weight):
- 1.34
- Nitrogen content (% dry weight):
- 0.12
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container: glass bottles
- Amount of soil: approx. 1100 g
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE
- Geographical reference of sampling site (latitude, longitude): UTM Zone 32 E: 440939, N: 5449795
- History of site: The sampling site was not cultivated since 2007. For at least five years prior to soil sampling no plant protection products had been applied to the sampling site. No organic fertilizer had been applied to the site for at least six months prior to soil sampling. No mineral fertilizer had been applied to the site for four years prior to soil sampling.
- Depth of sampling:
- Soil texture (DIN): medium loamy sand
- % sand: 63.9
- % silt: 27.5
- % clay: 8.6
- pH (in solvent control): 6.77
- Initial nitrate concentration for nitrogen transformation test (mg nitrate/kg dry weight): 17.8
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 36.40
- Cation exchange capacity (meq/100 g): 10.7
- Storage (condition, duration): stored at approx. 4 ± 2 °C
- Initial microbial biomass as % of total organic C: 11.6 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 7.0 and 35.0 mg/kg
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Sodium Chloride
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- ER50
- Effect conc.:
- > 35 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- respiration rate
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- no adverse effect on soil respiration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- ER50
- Effect conc.:
- > 35 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- No adverse effect on nitrogen turnover
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The toxic reference item (Sodium Chloride), tested in a separate study had significant effects on the soil nitrogen turnover (decrease of the nitrogen level of 43.5 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 0 to 28 days of 106 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 14 to 28 days of 102 %) and the short-term respiration (94.1 % inhibition) in a field soil tested at a concentration of 20.0 g/kg soil dry weight.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The results of the nitrification (nitrate content at day 28, nitrate formation rate of treated soils between the 14 day sampling and the 28 day sampling and nitrate formation rate over the whole study period (0 day sampling to 28 day sampling) and short-term respiration measurements (last sampling: 28 days) were tested for normality using Shapiro-Wilk's test and residual analysis (ZAR, 1999). Homogeneity of variances was tested using Levene's test or Bartlett's test. The control treatments were tested for significant differences using t-Test, pooled. All statistical evaluations were performed compared to the solvent control. For the nitrogen turnover (nitrate content at day 28, nitrate-N formation rate of the last sampling interval (14 day sampling to 28 day sampling), for the nitrate-N formation rate of the whole study period (0 day sampling to 28 day sampling) and for the short-term respiration the data comply with the requirements for a multiple-t-test. Hence the Dunnett's t-Test was used to analyse the data for significance. The statistical software program SAS version 9.2 (Ed. 2002 - 2008) was used for the statistical analysis. The individual calculation procedures are part of the raw data. For the statistical analysis of the nitrogen turnover the nitrate formation rate values of each replicate were used, but reported nitrate values per day are calculated from the means of the amount of nitrate-N.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results of this study and in accordance with the OECD Guidelines 216 and 217, the test item had no adverse effect on soil respiration and on nitrogen turnover (day 28) (< 25 % deviation between treatments and solvent control) in a field soil tested up to 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight at study termination.
- Executive summary:
The effects of the test item on soil microflora were assessed in a test that measured nitrogen turnover (mineralisation) and carbon transformation (short-term substrate-induced respiration) following an application of the test item to soil in accordance with OECD 216 and 217 (January 2000). The test item was incubated in medium loamy sand soil (DIN classification) over a period of 28 days for nitrogen turnover and short-term respiration at concentrations of 7.0 mg/kg soil dry weight and 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight. One control consisting of soil treated with untreated quartz sand, and one control treated with solvent treated quartz sand were also tested. The test was performed with standard soil according to guideline, pH and dry mass were determined at each sampling date for all treatments of nitrogen turnover and short-term respiration; the temperature was between 20.5 – 21.5 °C.
For the nitrate content at day 28 and the nitrate-N formation rate for the whole study period (0 day sampling to 28 day sampling) statistically significant effects were observed at 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight as compared with the solvent control. For the short-term respiration, no statistically significant differences from the control were observed at both test concentrations, 28 days after test initiation.
Since the values for the last sampling of the nitrogen turnover and the short-term respiration (after 28 days of exposure) in treated soil were below the threshold values provided by OECD guideline 216 and 217 (<25 % variation between the treatments and the control), the test item was found to have no adverse effect on short-term respiration and nitrogen turnover.
The toxic reference item (Sodium Chloride), tested in a separate study had significant effects on the soil nitrogen turnover (decrease of the nitrogen level of 43.5 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 0 to 28 days of 106 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 14 to 28 days of 102 %) and the short-term respiration (94.1 % inhibition) in a field soil tested at a concentration of 20.0 g/kg soil dry weight.
Based on the results of this study and in accordance with the OECD Guidelines 216 and 217, the test item had no adverse effect on soil respiration and on nitrogen turnover (day 28) (< 25 % deviation between treatments and solvent control) in a field soil tested up to 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight at study termination.
Reference
Table 1: Test item solutions
Solution | Test concentration [mg test item/kg] | Test concentration [mg/kg sdw] | Test item/ solution (required) | Test item/ solution (weighed) | Acetone added to total amount [mL] | Deionised water added [g] | Application amount [g] |
TG2 | 35.0 | 35.526 | 414 mg test item | 414 mg test item | 20.0 | 87.4 | 51) |
TG1 | 7.0 | 7.105 | 4.0 mL TG2 | 4.0 mL TG2 | 20.0 | 87.4 | 51) |
Solvent Control | - | - | - | - | - | 87.4 | 52 ) |
Control | - | - | - | - | - | 87.4 | - |
sdw = soil dry weight
1) the solutions were applied with 29.1 g quartz sand to 3300 g soil (2910.6 g soil dry
weight)
2) pure acetone
Table 2: Amount of nitrate-N in control and soil treated with the test item
Days | Solvent Control | Control | 7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 35.0 mg a.i/kg soil dry weight | |||
after applica tion | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3 - -N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 |
0 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 3.37 | 18.5 | 3.93 | 18.4 | 3.37 |
7 | 13.7 | 14.5 | 5.84 | 14.4 | 5.11 | 14.6 | 6.57 |
14 | 24.4 | 25.1 | 2.87 | 27.3 | 11.9 | 28.7 | 17.6 |
28 | 44.9 | 44.6 | -0.668 | 48.5 | 8.02 | 51.9* | 15.6 |
1+ = stimulation; - = inhibition
LOQ (NCV -N) = 10.5 mg/kg soil dry weight (0, 7, 14 and 28 days)
* = statistically significantly different from the control (Dunnett'sTest, two sided, p < 0.05)
Table 3: Effects of the test item on the rate of NO3--N formation at different time intervals after application
Days | Solvent Control | Control | 7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 35.0 mg a.i/kg soil dry weight | |||
after applica tion | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3 - -N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 |
0 - 7 | -0.586 | -0.557 | +4.95 | -0.586 | 0.00 | -0.543 | +7.34 |
0 - 14 | 0.471 | 0.479 | +1.70 | 0.629 | +33.5 | 0.736 | +56.3 |
0 - 28 | 0.968 | 0.936 | -3.31 | 1.07 | +10.5 | 1.20* | +24.0 |
1+ = stimulation; - = inhibition
* = statistically significantly different from the control (Dunnett'sTest, two sided, p < 0.05)
Table 4: Effects of the test item on the rate of NO3- -N formation between different samplings
Time | Interval | Solvent Control | Control | 7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 35.0 mg a.i/kg soil dry weight | |||
Interval after applica tion | In days | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3 - -N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 | NO3--N [mg/kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 |
0 - 7 | 7 | -0.586 | -0.557 | +4.95 | -0.586 | 0.00 | -0.543 | +7.34 |
7 - 1 4 | 7 | 1.53 | 1.51 | -1.31 | 1.84 | +20.3 | 2.01 | +31.4 |
14 - 28 | 14 | 1.46 | 1.39 | -4.79 | 1.51 | +3.42 | 1.66 | +13.7 |
1+ = stimulation; - = inhibition
Table 5: Effects on carbon transformation in soil after treatment with the test item
Days | Solvent Control | Control | 7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | |||
after applica tion | Respiration [mg CO2/ h/ kg soil dry weight] | Respiration [mg CO2/h/ kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control | Respiration [mg CO2/ h/ kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control | Respiration [mg CO2/ h/ kg soil dry weight] | Deviation from solvent control [%]1 |
0 | 72.8 | 70.7 | -2.88 | 66.6 | -8.52 | 60.9 | -16.3 |
7 | 65.0 | 64.1 | -1.38 | 64.0 | -1.54 | 62.5 | -3.85 |
14 | 60.5 | 57.0 | -5.79 | 61.4 | +1.49 | 57.6 | -4.79 |
28 | 38.6 | 37.1 | -3.89 | 36.4 | -5.70 | 36.6 | -5.18 |
1+ = stimulation; - = inhibition
Table 6: Results of the nitrogen turnover (N03- -N contents)
Sample | NO3- | soil dry weight /100 | NO3--N | mean NO3--N | Dev. from Control1 | CV | mean NO--N (Rate) | Dev. from Control Solvent (Rate)1 | |||
[mg/200 mL] | [mg/kg dry weight] | [mg/kg dry weight] | (%) | [%] | [mg/kg dry weight/day] | [%] | |||||
0 days |
| ||||||||||
Solvent Control | 3.42 3.37 3.39 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 18.0 17.7 17.8 | 17.8 | - | 0.858 | -- | -- |
| ||
Control | 3.49 3.46 3.55 | 0.861 0.861 0.861 | 18.3 18.2 18.6 | 18.4 | 3.37 | 1.13 | -- | -- |
| ||
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 3.49 3.53 3.51 | 0.858 0.858 0.858 | 18.4 18.6 18.5 | 18.5 | 3.93 | 0.541 | -- | -- | |||
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 3.35 3.57 3.51 | 0.855 0.855 0.855 | 17.7 18.9 18.6 | 18.4 | 3.37 | 3.39 | -- | -- | |||
7 days |
| ||||||||||
Solvent Control | 2.59 2.82 2.43 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 13.6 14.8 12.8 | 13.7 | -- | 7.35 | -0.586 | -- |
| ||
Control | 2.58 2.52 3.23 | 0.866 0.866 0.866 | 13.5 13.2 16.9 | 14.5 | 5.84 | 14.2 | -0.557 | +4.95 |
| ||
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 2.54 2.91 2.77 | 0.859 0.859 0.859 | 13.4 15.3 14.6 | 14.4 | 5.11 | 6.67 | -0.586 | 0.00 |
| ||
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 3.37 2.43 2.48 | 0.858 0.858 0.858 | 17.8 12.8 13.1 | 14.6 | 6.57 | 19.2 | -0.543 | 7.34 |
| ||
14 days |
| ||||||||||
Solvent Control | 4.75 5.08 4.06 | 0.856 0.856 0.856 | 25.1 26.8 21.4 | 24.4 | -- | 11.3 | 0.471 | -- |
| ||
Control | 4.64 4.83 4.77 | 0.857 0.857 0.857 | 24.5 25.5 25.2 | 25.1 | 2.87 | 2.04 | 0.479 | +1.70 |
| ||
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 4.56 5.26 5.71 | 0.858 0.858 0.858 | 24.0 27.7 30.1 | 27.3 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 0.629 | +33.5 | |||
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 5.92 5.01 5.31 | 0.853 0.853 0.853 | 31.4 26.5 28.1 | 28.7 | 17.6 | 8.71 | 0.736 | +56.3 | |||
28 days |
| ||||||||||
Solvent Control | 8.32 8.91 8.32 | 0.856 0.856 0.856 | 43.9 47.0 43.9 | 44.9 | -- | 3.99 | 0.968 | -- |
| ||
Control | 8.71 8.32 8.32 | 0.857 0.857 0.857 | 45.9 43.9 43.9 | 44.6 | -0.668 | 2.59 | 0.936 | -3.31 |
| ||
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 8.91 9.55 9.12 | 0.856 0.856 0.856 | 47.0 50.4 48.2 | 48.5 | 8.02 | 3.56 | 1.07 | +10.5 | |||
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 9.77 9.55 10.0 | 0.852 0.852 0.852 | 51.8 50.7 53.1 | 51.9 | 15.6 | 2.31 | 1.20 | +24.0 | |||
|
Dev. = Deviation
1+ = stimulation; - = inhibition
CV = Coefficient of Variation
-- = no value calculable
Table 7: Results of the short-term respiration test
Sample | Pressure decrease [hPa/h] | Soil wet weight [g] | Soil dry weight/100 | Respiration rate [mg CO2/h/kg sdw] | Mean respiration rate mg CO2/h/kg sdw] | Dev. from Solvent Control1 [%] | CV [%] | |
0 days | ||||||||
Solvent Control | 14.5 14.5 14.0 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.858 0.858 0.858 | 73.8 73.8 70.9 | 72.8 | -- | 2.30 | |
Control | 14.2 14.1 13.6 | 100.0 100.0 10.0 | 0.861 0.861 0.861 | 71.9 71.4 68.8 | 70.7 | -2.88 | 2.35 | |
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 13.2 12.9 13.3 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 67.0 65.6 67.1 | 66.6 | -8.52 | 1.26 | |
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 12.3 11.5 12.3 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.859 0.859 0.859 | 62.3 58.3 62.2 | 60.9 | -16.3 | 3.75 | |
7 days | ||||||||
Solvent Control | 12.7 12.8 13.1 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.863 0.863 0.863 | 64.3 64.7 65.9 | 65.0 | - | 1.28 | |
Control | 13.1 12.7 12.3 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.864 0.864 0.864 | 66.0 64.0 62.2 | 64.1 | -1.38 | 2.97 | |
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 12.3 12.8 12.9 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.863 0.863 0.863 | 62.2 64.7 65.1 | 64.0 | -1.54 | 2.46 | |
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 12.8 11.8 12.7 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.865 0.865 0.865 | 64.4 59.3 63.7 | 62.5 | -3.85 | 4.42 | |
14 days | ||||||||
Solvent Control | 11.7 11.4 12.8 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 59.0 57.8 64.6 | 60.5 | - | 6.00 | |
Control | 10.7 11.4 11.6 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 54.2 57.8 59.0 | 57.0 | -5.79 | 4.38 | |
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 12.5 12.2 11.7 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 63.1 61.8 59.4 | 61.4 | +1.49 | 3.06 | |
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 11.0 11.6 11.5 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.861 0.861 0.861 | 55.8 58.6 58.3 | 57.6 | -4.79 | 2.67 | |
28 days | ||||||||
Solvent Control | 7.39 7.67 7.79 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 37.4 38.9 39.5 | 38.6 | -- | 2.80 | |
Control | 6.96 7.68 7.34 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 35.3 38.9 37.2 | 37.1 | -3.89 | 4.85 | |
7.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 6.55 7.47 7.52 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.860 0.860 0.860 | 33.2 37.8 38.1 | 36.4 | -5.70 | 7.55 | |
35.0 mg a.i./kg soil dry weight | 7.37 7.25 6.82 | 100.0 100.0 100.0 | 0.852 0.852 0.852 | 37.7 37.1 34.9 | 36.6 | -5.18 | 4.03 | |
Dev. = Deviation
CV = Coefficient of Variation
1+ = stimulation;
- = inhibition
-- = no value calculable
Description of key information
Based on the results of this study and in accordance with the OECD Guidelines 216 and 217, the test item had no adverse effect (NOEC) on soil respiration and on nitrogen turnover (day 28) (< 25 % deviation between treatments and solvent control) in a field soil tested up to 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight at study termination.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Long-term EC10 or NOEC for soil microorganisms:
- 35 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
The effects of the test item on soil microflora were assessed in a test that measured nitrogen turnover (mineralisation) and carbon transformation (short-term substrate-induced respiration) following an application of the test item to soil in accordance with OECD 216 and 217 (January 2000). The test item was incubated in medium loamy sand soil (DIN classification) over a period of 28 days for nitrogen turnover and short-term respiration at concentrations of 7.0 mg/kg soil dry weight and 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight. One control consisting of soil treated with untreated quartz sand, and one control treated with solvent treated quartz sand were also tested. The test was performed with standard soil according to guideline, pH and dry mass were determined at each sampling date for all treatments of nitrogen turnover and short-term respiration; the temperature was between 20.5 – 21.5 °C.
For the nitrate content at day 28 and the nitrate-N formation rate for the whole study period (0 day sampling to 28 day sampling) statistically significant effects were observed at 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight as compared with the solvent control. For the short-term respiration, no statistically significant differences from the control were observed at both test concentrations, 28 days after test initiation.
Since the values for the last sampling of the nitrogen turnover and the short-term respiration (after 28 days of exposure) in treated soil were below the threshold values provided by OECD guideline 216 and 217 (<25 % variation between the treatments and the control), the test item was found to have no adverse effect on short-term respiration and nitrogen turnover.
The toxic reference item (Sodium Chloride), tested in a separate study had significant effects on the soil nitrogen turnover (decrease of the nitrogen level of 43.5 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 0 to 28 days of 106 %, decrease of the nitrate transformation rate for the interval of 14 to 28 days of 102 %) and the short-term respiration (94.1 % inhibition) in a field soil tested at a concentration of 20.0 g/kg soil dry weight.
Based on the results of this study and in accordance with the OECD Guidelines 216 and 217, the test item had no adverse effect (NOEC) on soil respiration and on nitrogen turnover (day 28) (< 25 % deviation between treatments and solvent control) in a field soil tested up to 35.0 mg/kg soil dry weight at study termination.
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