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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 691-180-5 | CAS number: 6973-09-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Guidance on Safe Use
Administrative data
First-aid measures
Ingestion:Never attempt to induce vomiting. Do not attempt to give any solid or liquid by mouth if the
exposed subject is unconscious or semi-conscious. Wash out the mouth with water. If the exposed
subject is fully conscious, give plenty of water to drink. Obtain medical attention.
Inhalation: Using appropriate personal protective equipment, move exposed subject to fresh air. If
breathing is difficult or ceases, ensure and maintain ventilation. Give oxygen as appropriate. The exp
osed subject should be kept warm and at rest. Obtain medical attention in cases of known or possibl
e over exposure, or with symptoms including chest pain, difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness or
other adverse effects, which may be delayed.
Skin contact: Using appropriate personal protective equipment, remove contaminated clothing an
d flush exposed area with large amounts of water. Obtain medical attention if skin reaction occurs,
which may be immediate or delayed.
Eye Contact: Wash immediately with clean and gently flowing water. Continue for at least 15 minutes.
Obtain medical attention
Fire-fighting measures
Fire and Explosion Hazards This material is non-combustible. Dust clouds are potentially sensitive to
ignition from incendive electrostatic discharges. Dust clouds are of very low sensitivity to ignition from
hot surfaces. No ignition or exotherm of a powder layer observed up to 400 °C.
Ignition of a dust cloud produces a weak dust explosion.
High pressure between 8 and 10 bar is produced during a dust explosion
Suitable extinguishing media No special requirements needed. Water is recommended for fires invo
lving packaging.
Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters
Since toxic, corrosive or flammable vapours might be evolved from fires involving this material, self
contained breathing apparatus and full protective equipment are recommended for firefighters.
Move containers from the fire area if possible without increased personal risk.
If possible, contain and collect firefighting water for later disposal.
Specific hazards arising form this material
Toxic, corrosive or flammable thermal decomposition products, which might include sulphur
compounds, are expected when the material is exposed to fire.
Accidental release measures
Personal Precautions Fence or cordon the affected area and do not allow individuals to touch or walk
through the spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Avoid dust generation.
Environmental Precuations Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, surface drainage systems and po
orly ventilated areas. If spill is outdoors, cover with plastic sheet to minimise spreading or contact with
rain.
Clean -up methods Collect and place it in a suitable, properly labelled container for recovery or di
sposal. After all solid or absorbent material has been collected, the area should be vacuumed with
HEPA filter-equipped apparatus.
Decontamination procedures No specific decontamination or detoxification procedures have been
identified for this material.
Consider use of water, detergent solutions, or other soluble solvents
Handling and storage
General requirements Avoid dispersion as a dust cloud.
Depending upon the scale of operation, use of appropriate exhaust ventilation is recommended to pr
ovide routine control of fire and explosion hazards during handling of this material.
Ignition Controls Bond and earth (ground) all plant and equipment to ensure that no isolated
conductors are present. Isolated conductors can accumulate sufficient electrostatic charge to produce
dischargesof many hundreds of milli-Joules.
Consider earthing (grounding) personnel dealing with dusty operations. An isolated (insulated) human
body can readily produce electrostatic discharges in excess of 50 mJ, but have been recorded up to
100 mJ.
The maximum surface temperature of enclosures potentially exposed to this material should be the
lower of the values obtained by taking 2/3 of the minimum ignition temperature for a dust cloud or 75
K less than the minimum ignition temperature of the dust layer, with a maximum temperature of 325
°C
Protective systems Assess operations based upon available dust explosion information to determine
the suitability of preventive or protective systems as precautionary measures against possible dust
explosions. If prevention is not possible, consider protection by use of containment, venting or supp
ression of dust handling equipment. Where explosion venting is considered the most appropriate meth
od of protection, vent areas should preferably be calculated based on the Kst rather than the St value.
If nitrogen purging is considered as the protective system, it must operate with an oxygen level below
the limiting oxygen concentration. The system should include an oxygen monitoring and shut-down
facility in the event of excessive oxygen being detected.
At both ambient and low humidity, this material is of low conductivity. Generation of electrostatic
charge is considered likely to occur even when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment.
At ambient humidity, this material has a very long charge relaxation time. Accumulation of electrostati
c charge is considered very likely to occur even when handled in an earthed
(grounded) environment. Under these conditions, it is considered that this material might present a
very high risk of producing an electrostatic discharge.
At low humidity, this material has an extremely long charge relaxation time. Accumulation of electros
tatic charge will occur even when handled in an earthed (grounded) environment. Under these conditi
ons, it is considered that this material might present a very high risk of producing an electrostatic
discharge.
Conditions for safe storgae
Keep in tightly closed containers or packages away from moisture and away from sources of ignition.
Avoid prolonged storage at elevated temperatures (greater than room temperature, approximately 20
degrees C
Transport information
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Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)
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Exposure controls / personal protection
The hygiene guide for this material is >100 to 1000 mcg/m3. An Exposure Control Approach (ECA) is
established for operations involving this material based upon the OEL/Occupational Hazard Category
and the outcome of a site- or operation-specific risk assessment. Refer to the Exposure Control Matri
x for more information about how ECA's are assigned and how to interpret them.
Containment Open handling should be limited to small quantities. Consider use of enclosures.
Ventilation Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) should be applied at the source to capture contaminants
from open or semi-enclosed operations
Administrative Entry to the working area should be controlled
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Eye Protection Wear approved safety glasses with side shields or cover goggles if eye contact is
possible.
Gloves The selection of gloves for a specific activity must be based on the material's properties and
on possible permeation and degradation that may occur under the circumstances of use. Glove s
election must take into account any solvents and other hazards present. Potential allergic reactions
can occur with certain glove materials (e.g. Latex) and therefore these should be avoided.
Respirators If respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is used, the type of RPE will depend upon
air concentrations present, required protection factor as well as hazards, physical properties and
warning properties of substances present. Follow local regulations for respirator use in the workplace.
Other Equipment or Procedures
Wear appropriate clothing to avoid skin contact. An eye wash station should be available.
Stability and reactivity
Conditions to Avoid: Avoid direct sunlight, conditions that might generate heat and dispersion as a dust
cloud.
Disposal considerations
Collect for recycling or recovery if possible. The recommended method of disposal is incineration.
Wherever possible, disposal should be in an on-site licenced chemical incinerator, if allowed by the
incinerator licence or permit. If no on-site incinerator is available, dispose of material in a
licenced commercial chemical incinerator.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.