Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 700-251-2 | CAS number: 72684-95-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007-11-27 to 2008-04-04
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 306 (Biodegradability in Seawater)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Test substance:
Mediator SNP (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile)
Physical description: tan pow der
Storage: ambient - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: conditioned natural seawater with incumbent microbial population
- Details on inoculum:
- Microorganisms present in natural seawater used.
Source: Natural Marine Fisheries Services (Galveston, Texas, USA)
Collection Date: 07 Feb 08
Appearance: Clear
Temperature: 23°C
Salinity: 24 ppt
pH: 7.9
Dissolved Oxygen: 8.1mg/L
Mineral Medium Preparation: Natural Seawater was used. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- act. ingr.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: Dissolved oxygen
- Details on study design:
- Blank solution, test substance solution, reference solution, and toxicity reference solution were prepared. Each solution was siphoned from the lowest quarter (not the bottom) of the mixing container and transferred to labeled BOD bottles resulting in 8 bottles for each of the four solutions (up to four sampling periods). Only 6 bottles were used for the toxicity reference solution. Day 0 samples were analyzed for concentration of D.O. The remaining bottles were kept in the dark and incubated at 20 ± 1°C. Replicate bottles for each solution were removed at each sampling interval (0, 5, 15 and 28 Days).
- Reference substance:
- other: sodium acetate trihyrate
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 2
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: theoretical oxygen demand calculated
- Results with reference substance:
- A mean value of 134.3% biodegradation was obtained on Day 5 for sodium acetate trihydrate.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Both reference material and toxicity reference material met the criteria.
- Interpretation of results:
- other: 2% degradation
- Conclusions:
- A maximum mean of 2.0% biodegradation was obtained on Day 28 for the test substance. Therefore the test substance is not considered biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
This study was designed to assess the biodegradability of the test substance, Mediator SNP (4 -hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxybenzonitrile), utilizing the microorganisms present in natural seawater in accordance with OECD Guideline 306. For a biodegradability test to be considered valid, a biodegradation value of >60% of the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) must be obtained for the reference material within 5 days. A mean value of 134.3% biodegradation was obtained on Day 5 for sodium acetate trihydrate. A test substance is considered biodegradable if a biodegradation value of >60% of the ThOD is obtained within 28 days. For test substance, Mediator SNP, a maximum mean of 2.0% biodegradation was obtained on Day 28 of the study. Therefore, the test substance is not considered biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2008-10-15 to 2008-12-18
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of activated sludge: aeration stage of the Severn Trent Water Plc sewage treatment plant at Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The activated sewage sludge sample was washed three times by settlement and resuspension in culture medium to remove any excessive amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
-The washed sample was then maintained on continuous aeration in the laboratory at a temperature of approximately 21°C and used on the day of collection.
Determination of the suspended solids level of the activated sewage sludge was carried out by filtering a sample (100 mL) of the washed activated sew age sludge by suction through pre-weighed GF/A filter paper using a Buchner funnel. Filtration was then continued for a further 3 minutes after rinsing the filter three successive times with 10 mL of deionised reverse osmosis water. The filter paper was then dried in an oven
at approximately 105°C for at least 1 hour and allowed to cool before weighing. This process was repeated until a constant weight was attained. The suspended solids concentration was equal to 3.4 g/L prior to use. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 10 other: mg Carbon/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: The culture medium used in this study was that recommended in the OECD Guidelines.
- Test temperature: ~21°C
- Storage: in the dark
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5 litre glass culture vessels each containing 3 litres of solution
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
Approximately 24 hours prior to addition of the test and standard materials the vessels were filled with 2400 mL of culture medium and 26.5 mL of inoculum and aerated overnight. On Day 0 the test and standard materials were added and the volume in all the vessels adjusted to 3 litres by the addition of culture medium. The culture vessels were sealed and CO2-free air bubbled through the solution at a rate of approximately 40 mL/minute and stirred continuously by magnetic stirrer. The CO2-free air was produced by passing compressed air through a glass column containing self-indicating soda lime (Carbosorb~ granules).
The CO2 produced by degradation was collected in two 500 mL Dreschel bottles containing 350 mL of 0.05 M NaOH. The CO2 absorbing solutions were prepared using purified de-gassed water.
SAMPLING for CO2 analysis
- Sampling frequency: Day 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 16, 18, 20, 23, 27, 28 and 29 (for the first absorber vessel). Day 0 and 29 for the second absorber vessel. The samples taken on Days 11, 18 and 27 were stored at approximately -20°C. The rest were assayed immediately for CO2.
Analysed by: Tekmar-Dohrmann Apollo 9000 TOC analyser and Shimadzu TOC-VcsH TOC analyser.
Sampling for DOC
Samples (20 mL) were removed from the test material and toxicity control vessels on Day 0 prior to the addition of the test material in order to calculate the Inorganic Carbon content in the test media. The samples were filtered through Gelman 0.45 µm Acrocap filters (approximately 5 mL discarded) prior to DOC analysis. DOC analysis of the test material dispersions after dosing was not possible due to the limited solubility of the test material in culture medium. On Days 0 and 28 samples (20 mL) were removed from the control and standard material vessels and filtered through Gelman 0.45 µm Acrocap filters (approximately 5 mL discarded) prior to DOC analysis. The samples were analysed for DOC using a Shimadzu TOC-5050A TOC analyser.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: consisted of inoculated culture medium.
- Toxicity control: containing the test material and sodium benzoate, was prepared in order to assess any toxic effect of the test material on the
sewage sludge micro-organisms used in the test. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 90
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The test material attained 91% degradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-day window validation criterion, whereby 60% degradation must be attained within 10 days of the degradation exceeding 10%.
- Results with reference substance:
- Sodium benzoate attained 109% degradation after 14 days and 101% degradation after 28 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test material attained 91% degradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-day window validation criterion, whereby 60% degradation must be attained within 10 days of the degradation exceeding 10%. The test material can therefore be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD Guideline No 301 B.
- Executive summary:
The form in the supply chain for 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile is in conjunction with laccase enzyme, adipic acid, and monosodium phosphate, a ready-to-use product in the textile industry for denim bleaching applications (Tradename: PrimaGreen EcoFade LT100). This
composition is referred to here as RTU blend. In order to examine the biodegradability of the product in an aerobic aqueous medium, this study was conducted in accordance with OECD 301B guideline.
The test material, at a concentration of 10 mg carbon/L, was exposed to activated sewage sludge micro-organisms with culture medium in sealed culture vessels in the dark at approximately 21°C for 28 days. The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of carbon dioxide produced. Control solutions with inoculum and the standard material, sodium benzoate, together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes.
The test material attained 91% degradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-day window validation criterion, whereby 60% degradation must be attained within 10 days of the degradation exceeding 10%. The test material can therefore be considered to be readily
biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD Guideline No 301 B.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Dissolved Oxygen Measurements (in mg/L) |
||||
Test group |
Day 0 |
Day 5 |
Day 15 |
Day 28 |
Blank |
7.1 |
6.75 |
6.45 |
6.2 |
|
7.1 |
6.75 |
6.6 |
6.3 |
Sodium acetate trihydrate |
7.05 |
5.45 |
5.35 |
4.9 |
|
7.05 |
5.5 |
5.35 |
4.85 |
Test substance (~2 mg/L) |
7.05 |
6.7 |
6.45 |
6.2 |
|
7.1 |
6.7 |
6.55 |
6.1 |
Toxicity Reference |
7.05 |
5.55 |
5.4 |
NA |
|
7.05 |
5.6 |
5.4 |
NA |
Table 2: Biodegradation Calculations |
|||
|
Day 5 Calculations |
Day 15 Calculations |
Day 28 Calculations |
Blank Depletion (mg/L) |
0.35 |
0.575 |
0.85 |
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate Net D.O. Depletion (mg /L) |
1.225 |
1.125 |
1.325 |
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate ThOD (mg O2/mg) |
0.47 |
0.47 |
0.47 |
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate Dose (mg/L) |
1.94 |
1.94 |
1.94 |
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate Calculated Degradation |
134.30% |
123.40% |
145.30% |
Test Substance Net D.O. Depletion (mg/L) |
0.025 |
0 |
0.075 |
Test Substance ThOD NH3 (mg O2/mg) |
1.607 |
1.607 |
1.607 |
Test Substance ThOD NO2 (mg O2/mg) |
1.875 |
1.875 |
1.875 |
Test Substance ThOD NO3 (mg O2/mg) |
1.965 |
1.965 |
1.965 |
Test Substance Dose (mg/L) |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
Test Substance NH3 Calculated Degradation % |
0.7 |
0 |
2.2 |
Test Substance NO2 Calculated Degradation % |
0.6 |
0 |
1.9 |
Test Substance NO3 Calculated Degradation % |
0.6 |
0 |
1.8 |
Description of key information
Biodegradability of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile by itself and as a ready to use product (RTU) produced by Genencor International is described below.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
The form in the supply chain for 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile is in conjunction with laccase enzyme, adipic acid, and monosodium phosphate, a ready-to-use product in the textile industry for denim bleaching applications (Tradename: PrimaGreen EcoFade LT100). This
composition is referred to here as RTU blend.
In order to examine the biodegradability of the 4 -hydroxy-3,5 -dimethoxybenzonitrile (subject of this registration) as well as the ready-to-use commercial product, two separate studies were conducted in accordance with OECD 306 and 301B respectively.
28-day closed bottle biodegradation test (OECD 306)
4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile was tested for biodegradability in seawater (closed bottle test) and was found to achieve 2% biodegradation on day 28. This classifies the chemical as “not readily biodegradable.”
Biodegradation test (CO2 evolution/modified sturm test)(OECD 301B)
The RTU blend biodegradability was determined by calculating the amount of CO2 released by inoculated medium. Under the conditions of this assay, the RTU blend attained 8% degradation after 1 day and 71% degradation after 9 days thereby satisfying the 10-day window validation criterion. After 28 days the RTU blend achieved 91% degradation, classifying the blend as “readily biodegradable.”
The RTU blend is the only form of 4 -hydroxy-3,5 -dimethoxybenzonitrile that will be commercialized by Genencor International for use in textiles bleaching. Exposure of the 4 -hydroxy-3,5 -dimethoxybenzonitrile by itself to the aquatic environment is practically non-existent. After use, the mixture (from the RTU blend) is released into the environment through the sewage system and any impact to the environment would result from exposure to this discharged mixture and not to 4-hydroxy-3,5 –dimethoxybenzonitrile by itself. Using a weight-of-evidence approach, it can be concluded that any reaction products from 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile in the discharge water after textiles application is readily biodegradable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.