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EC number: 420-920-1 | CAS number: 128446-35-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sub-chronic toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 408 (Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- .beta.-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl cycloheptaamylose
- IUPAC Name:
- .beta.-Cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl cycloheptaamylose
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 420-920-1
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 128446-35-5
- Molecular formula:
- Hill formula: (C42H70-nO35)(C3H7O)n; n(mittel)=5,25
- IUPAC Name:
- 5,10,15,25-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-40,44,47,49-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropoxy)-20,30,35-tris[(2-hydroxypropoxy)methyl]-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.2³,⁶.2⁸,¹¹.2¹³,¹⁶.2¹⁸,²¹.2²³,²⁶.2²⁸,³¹]nonatetracontane-36,37,38,39,41,42,43,45,46,48-decol
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- Active ingredient: hydroxypropylated .beta.-cyclodextrin
% Active: 86.3
Nature and quantity of impurities: Propylene glycol, water, Na
Physical form: powder
Colour: white
Density: Not Applicable
Solubility: water soluble
pH: 6.8
Adsorptive properties (on glass, plastic): N/A
Volatility: non-volatile
Expiry date: 1 April 2002
Other relevant characteristics: N/A
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- HPbCD was obtained from Cargill, Inc. (Cedar Rapids, IA)
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Details on species / strain selection:
- Sprague-Dawley (Crl:CD[SD]VAF/Plus)
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Sprague-Dawley (Crl:CD[SD]VAF/Plus) rats (10/sex/group) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). Rats were 6 ± 1 weeks old at initiation of dosing. Males were 220.7– 295.5 g and females 150.0–201.5 g at the initiation of dosing. All rats on study were individually housed in suspended, stainless steel cages, were maintained on a 12-h light cycle (temperature 72°F ± 4°F, 30–70% humidity), and were given water and certified rodent lab diet (PMI Nutrition International, Inc.) ad libitum.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Details on oral exposure:
- 5 ml/kg, calculated from most recent body weight
syringe and a ball-tipped gavage tube. - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 92-93 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- other: historical control
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- General observations: Body weight was measured weekly beginning 1 week prior to dosing, and a fasted terminal body weight was recorded prior to necropsy. Food consumption was measured weekly beginning 1 week prior to dosing. Rats were checked at least once daily for viability and clinical observations were recorded twice daily, at the time of dosing, and 1–3 h postdose.
Ophthalmologic examinations: Ophthalmologic examinations consisted of focal illumination and indirect ophthalmoscopy in a subdued light setting. Examinations were preformed 2 weeks prior to dosing and during weeks 5 and 11.
Hematology and serum chemistry evaluations: Blood for hematology and serum chemistry was collected during weeks 2 and 13. Total blood volume collected per interval for hematology and serum chemistry was 1 ml from mice, 1.5 ml from rats, and 3 ml from dogs and monkeys. Hematology analysis was performed using Cell- Dyn 3500 (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) and Sysmex R-3000 (Medical Electronics, Miami, FL) hematology analyzers. Serum chemistry parameters were assessed using a CX5CE/Delta (Beckman Instruments, Brea, CA).
Hematology parameters examined (measured and calculated): Erythrocyte count, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Mean corpuscular volume, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, Reticulocyte count, Platelet count, Mean platelet volume, Total leukocyte count, Differential leukocyte, count Blood smear morphology. Serum chemistry parameters examined (measured and calculated) Hemolysis, Lipemia, Icterus, Glucose, Blood, urea, nitrogen, ALT, Aspartate aminotransferase, AP, Total bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Albumin/globulin, ratio Creatinine GGT, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Calcium, Inorganic phosphorus.
Coagulation assessment: Blood for coagulation assessment was collected at necropsy. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were assessed using an STA Compact hemostasis analyzer (Diagnostica Stago, Inc., Parsippany, NJ).
Urinalysis: Freshly voided (4 h) and 24-h urine samples were collected from during weeks 2 and 13. Urine was collected within 24 h prior to blood collection for hematology and serum chemistry. Urinalysis parameters from the freshly voided (4 h) samples were evaluated using a CX5CE/Delta (Beckman Instruments), whereas urinalysis parameters from the 24-h samples were analyzed using a Bayer Clintek ATLAS (Bayer Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY).
Parameters examined:
4-h Urinalysis/urine parameters examined—3-month: Color Clarity pH, Protein Glucose, Ketones, Bilirubin Blood Urobilinogen.
24-h Urinalysis/urine parameters examined—3-month: Volume, Sodium Chloride, Phosphorus, Osmolality, Potassium, Calcium (total), Creatinine clearance. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- Macroscopic and histopathological evaluation: Rats were humanely euthanized by exsanguination under isoflorane anesthesia. All tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin with the exception of the eyes (3% glutaraldehyde), harderian glands (3% glutaraldehyde), and testes (10% neutral buffered formalin in mice and rats; modified Davidson’s fixative in dogs and monkeys). Tissues were then trimmed, embedded in paraffin wax, and sectioned at 4–5 microns. All tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, with the exception of the testes and epididymides, which were stained with periodic acid- Schiff stain. All tissues from all dose groups were examined by a boardcertified veterinary pathologist. Bone marrow smears were obtained from the sternum and were evaluated for cytology by a board-certified veterinary clinical pathologist.
Organweights measured: Ventral prostate gland, Liver, Spleen, Brain, Lungs, Thymus, Epididymides, Ovaries, Heart, Testes, Kidneys, Uterus (plus cervix).
Tissues collected and examined histopathologically: adrenal gland, Aorta—thoracic, Bone (Femur and sternum), Bone marrow (sternum), Brain, Epididymides,Esophagus, Eyes, Gall, bladder, Harderian glands, Heart, Kidneys, Large intestines (cecum and colon), Larynx/pharynx, Liver, Lungs, Lymph nodes (mandibular and mesenteric), Mammary gland, Ovaries, Pancreas, Parathyroid gland, Peripheral nerve (sciatic), Pituitary gland, Prostate gland, Salivary gland, Seminal vesicles, Skeletal muscle (biceps), Skin, Small intestines (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), Spinal cord (thoracolumbar), Spleen, Stomach, Testes, Thymus, Thyroid gland, Tongue, Trachea, Urinary bladder, Uterus (plus cervix),Vagina. - Statistics:
- Statistics: Descriptive statistics (mean, index of variability, SEM, SD) were calculated for all parameters except ECGs. A student’s t-test was used to assess statistical significance of the serum transanimase values in mice and rats.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- no effects observed
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In female rats, treatment with 500 or 1000 mg/kg HPbCD resulted in time- and dose-dependent increases in serum AST and ALT levels. After 3 weeks of treatment with 1000 mg/kg HPbCD, serum AST and ALT levels were elevated (þ 38.2% and þ 31.1%, respectively), whereas after 13 weeks of treatment, serum AST and ALT levels were elevated in animals treated with 500 and 1000 mg/kg HPbCD (AST: þ 49.3% and þ 11.5%, ALT: þ 64.8% and þ 195.2%, respectively). In the 1000 mg/kg dose group at week 13, increases in serum AST and ALT levels were significantly higher than those seen at week 2, suggesting a progression of hepatic toxicity in these animals. AP and GGT were unchanged, and male rats were unaffected.
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- no effects observed
- Immunological findings:
- no effects observed
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There was no hepatic histopathologic correlate for the elevated transaminase findings, and liver weight and macroscopic appearance were normal. AST and ALT levels in male rats were similar to controls are all time points examined.
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- >= 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Remarks on result:
- not determinable due to absence of adverse toxic effects
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEL
- Effect level:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- clinical biochemistry
Target system / organ toxicity
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In rats HP-beta-CD did not indcue adverse effects in rats when dosed orally for 90 days. The effect on liver enzymes is considered of an adaptive nature as neither liver weight nor histopathological examination showed a correlating effect. The NOAEL is considered >= 1000 mg/kg b.w.
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