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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.94 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
246.8 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The NOAEL derived from an OECD 422 compliant oral repeated dose toxicity study of 200 mg/kg bw/d was applied as point of departure for derivation of long-term systemic inhalation DNEL. This NOAEL was corrected based on the following formula:

Corrected NOAEC (inhalation) for workers:

= 200 mg/kg bw/day x 0.5 x 1/0.38 m3/kg bw/day x (6.7 m3/10 m3) x 1.4

= 246.8 mg/m3

As worst case, inhalation absorption is assumed to be two times more than oral absorption which results in a modification of the starting point by a factor of 2.

The factor of 1.4 corrects for exposure of 5 days per week for workers compared to 7 days per week in the experimental setup.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
4
Justification:
The exposure duration of the OECD TG 422 study performed with the test item up to 63 days for females and 29 days for males. In comparison to a subacute 28-day study the OECD TG 422 study provides additional information on fertility and developmental toxicity, which justifies the assessment factor of 4.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Already included in route to route extrapolation
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
The recommended AF for other interspecies differences is applied.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
The default value for the relatively homogenous group "worker" is used.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The quality of the whole data base is considered to be sufficient and uncritical.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
The approach used for DNEL derivation is conservative. No further assessment factors are required.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.4 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
200
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
280 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Correction for difference between human and experimental exposure conditions: 7 d rat/5 d worker. The same absorption is assumed after dermal and oral exposure.  

Corrected NOAEL (dermal) for workers:

= 200 mg/kg bw/day x 1.4

= 280 mg/kg bw/day

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose response relationship is considered unremarkable, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
4
Justification:
The exposure duration of the OECD TG 422 study performed with the test item up to 63 days for females and 29 days for males. In comparison to a subacute 28-day study the OECD TG 422 study provides additional information on fertility and developmental toxicity, which justifies the assessment factor of 4.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
The default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is applied.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
The recommended AF for other interspecies differences is applied.
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
The default value for the relatively homogenous group "worker" is used.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The quality of the whole data base is considered to be sufficient and uncritical.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
The approach used for DNEL derivation is conservative. No further assessment factors are required.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.87 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
87 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Corrected NOAEC (inhalation) for general population:

= 200 mg/kg bw/day x 0.5 x 1/1.15 m3/kg bw/day

= 87 mg/m3

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose response relationship is considered unremarkable, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
4
Justification:
The exposure duration of the OECD TG 422 study performed with the test item up to 63 days for females and 29 days for males. In comparison to a subacute 28-day study the OECD TG 422 study provides additional information on fertility and developmental toxicity, which justifies the assessment factor of 4.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
already included in route to route extrapolation
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
The recommended AF for other interspecies differences is applied.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
The default value for the relatively heterogeneous group "general population" is used
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The quality of the whole data base is considered to be sufficient and uncritical.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
The approach used for DNEL derivation is conservative. No further assessment factors are required.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.5 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
400
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The same absoprtion after oral and dermal exposure is assumed.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose response relationship is considered unremarkable, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
4
Justification:
The exposure duration of the OECD TG 422 study performed with the test item up to 63 days for females and 29 days for males. In comparison to a subacute 28-day study the OECD TG 422 study provides additional information on fertility and developmental toxicity, which justifies the assessment factor of 4.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
The default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is applied.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
The recommended AF for other interspecies differences is applied.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
The default value for the relatively heterogeneous group "general population" is used.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The quality of the whole data base is considered to be sufficient and uncritical.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
The approach used for DNEL derivation is conservative. No further assessment factors are required.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.5 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
400
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
The dose response relationship is considered unremarkable, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
4
Justification:
The exposure duration of the OECD TG 422 study performed with the test item up to 63 days for females and 29 days for males. In comparison to a subacute 28-day study the OECD TG 422 study provides additional information on fertility and developmental toxicity, which justifies the assessment factor of 4.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
The default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is applied.
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
The recommended AF for other interspecies differences is applied.
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
The default value for the relatively heterogeneous group "general population" is used.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The quality of the whole data base is considered to be sufficient and uncritical.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
The approach used for DNEL derivation is conservative. No further assessment factors are required.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

An acute oral toxicity study is available for the test item. Based on the results the test item is classified category 4 for acute oral toxicity according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP). Effects seen were mainly due to corrosiveness of the test substance. Since all consumer uses are advised against, no further assessment is required.

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
high hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population

Consumer use is advised against. DNELs were only assessed for man via environment calculations.