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EC number: 202-000-8 | CAS number: 90-51-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted April 13, 2004
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid
- EC Number:
- 202-000-8
- EC Name:
- 6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid
- Cas Number:
- 90-51-7
- Molecular formula:
- C10H9NO4S
- IUPAC Name:
- 6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Routinely, the samples were analysed immediately. Only in exceptional cases, they were stored overnight deep frozen and protected from light.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Remarks:
- medium was used
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution was prepared to give the desired series of test concentrations. To achieve this 100.9 mg of the test item on 2017-06-07 and 100.6 mg of the test item on 2017-06-08 were added to 1 litre of dilution water, treated for 1 h in an ultrasonic bath and stirred for 1 h on a magnetic stirrer. The pH was measured to be 6.6 on 2017-06-07 and 6.5 on 2017-06-08.
To produce the different test item concentrations appropriate amounts of the stock solution were diluted with dilution water to a volume of 500 mL. 50 mL of the prepared solutions were taken per replicate and 0.5 mL of dilution water containing 5 daphnids was given to all replicates resulting in the final nominal concentrations. For each test item concentration and the control 4 replicates were prepared.
- Controls: medium (composition see attachment 1) without any test item
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): none stated
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: Strain of Bundesgesundheitsamt Berlin
- Maintenance and Acclimatisation : A population of parthenogenetic females of synchronized age structure has been maintained for more than 20 years in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (20 +/- 2 °C) at a 16 : 8 hour light-dark photoperiod (light intensity: < 20 μE x m-2 x s-1). The culture water (so-called 'M4 medium') was partly renewed once a week. The Daphnia were exclusively fed unicellular green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) 'ad libitum'. Mortalities of parent Daphnia during the culture period were recorded daily. The neonates were separated from their parent Daphnia by filtration prior to the acute test.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- The hardness of the dilution water used was 8.9 °dH (= 159 mg/L CaCO3).
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 to 19.6 °C
- pH:
- 6.6-8.0 at the start of the test, 6.7-8.0 at the end of the test
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.6 - 9.4 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
Measured: 6.188, --, 24.795, --, 103.574 mg/L after 0 h; 3.037, --, 9.999, --, 32.873 mg/L after 72 h - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel, Type: 100 mL glass beakers covered with watch glasses holding 5 neonates in 50 mL of test medium
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): The main test was conducted as a semi-static test with daily renewal of test medium.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water (so-called 'M4 medium' according to OECD 202 and EC Method C.2, annex 1) was used for the maintenance of the test animals and the preparation of stock and test solutions of the test item.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The criterion of adverse effects used in this study was the item-induced alteration of the normal mobility behaviour and the loss of locomotory actions of the neonates, observed at 24 and 48 hours.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes, medium only
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: A range finding test preceded the main test. It provided information about the range of concentrations which were used in the main test. The following nominal concentrations of the test item were tested in the range finding test: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 29.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 58.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 58.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 7.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 39.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 58.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The study was conducted under GLP according to EU method C.2, which is equivalent to OECD guideline 202, on the registered substance itself. The method is to be considered scientifically reasonable with no deficiencies in documentation or deviations from the guidelines, the validity criteria were met. Hence, the results can be considered as reliable to assess the toxicity of the test substance towards daphnids.
The toxicity against Daphnia magna was tested in a semi-static test at nominal test concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L, the EC 50 (48h) has been determined to be 39.4 mg/L (geometric mean measured)
Based on these results, the test item does not need to be classified as acute toxic to the aquatic environment. With regard to chronic toxicity, taking into account the fact that the test item is not readily biodegradable, the test item should be classified as aquatic chronic Cat. 3. - Executive summary:
A GLP study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of Gammasäure to Daphnia magna STRAUS under static conditions.
The study was conducted in accordance with the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method C.2 ‘Acute toxicity for Daphnia’ (2008) which is equivalent to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 'Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test' (adopted April 13, 2004).
The Daphnia were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L of Gammasäure dissolved in dilution water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath, a magnetic stirrer and a folded filter.
Observations were made on the swimming ability and the immobilisation rate, respectively, after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The following values were determined:
Time
[h]
EC50
[mg/L]
24 > 58.1 48 39.4 The results are expressed in terms of geometric mean concentrations. Effective concentrations ranged from 95.9% to 103.6% of nominal values in the freshly prepared media and from 28.2% to 48.6% of nominal values in the media after 24 hours of exposure. The hardness of the dilution water used was 8.9°dH (= 159 mg/L CaCO3).
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