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EC number: 232-152-0 | CAS number: 7789-24-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2010-04-30 to 2010-07-13
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- In order to confirm correct dosage and stability of exposure concentrations samples (about 50 mL) of the control and all test concentrations were taken from separate vessels including culture-medium (controls), test solutions and algae at 0 h and 72 h. In order to remove the algae from the test solutions, AES-analysis was performed after centrifugation of the samples at 3950 rpm for 10 minutes, followed by dilution of the samples in deionised water to meet the linear range of the calibration lines.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The test solutions were prepared in a dilution series from a stock solution of 100 mg/L of the test item in culture-medium for the range-finding test and from a stock solution of 400 mg/L of the test item in culture-medium for the definitive test, respectively. The stock solutions and the corresponding dilutions were prepared using a mixing device (Ultra-Turrax, Janke & Kunkel; 8000 rpm, 2 minutes). The test solutions were clear at all test concentrations. The range-finding test and the definitive test were performed as static tests, i.e., without renewal of the test solutions. The controls were kept in culture-medium. Vessels including culture-medium (controls) and test solutions were kept under the same conditions as the test vessels for concentration analysis. Concentration-analysis was performed at 0 h and 72 h. The algae-test was carried without adjustment of the pH. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Desmodesmus subspicatus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorococcales),
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Albrecht von Haller Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften der Universität Göttingen
- Method of cultivation: Sterile on agar tubes (0.8 % Agar). Transferred to a new agar tube every 2 months. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 24.2 to 24.7 °C
- pH:
- in the flasks at 0 h: 7.7 to 8.0
in the flasks at 72 h: 9.6 to 10.5
The test item had a significant effect on the pH of the test solutions at the start of the exposure period. - Salinity:
- NA
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations: Control, 25.0 mg/L, 50.0 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks (test volume 100 mL)
- Aeration: none
- Initial cells concentration: 5000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per test group (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control group (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 400 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 80 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 112 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Details on results:
- The test item had no significant effect on the pH of the test solutions at the start of the exposure period. The increase of pH in the control and test concentrations of 25.0 to 400 mg/L during the exposure period is caused by the growth of the algae in the test vessels. In common with other species of freshwater algae, Desmodesmus subspicatus gains CO2 from HCO3-, leading to a release of hydroxide ions, that raise the pH of the medium. In the test the increase of pH in the control of 2.6 (> 1.5 units as recommended in OECD-Guideline 201) had no effect on the growth of the algae as the validity criteria for algal growth were fulfilled.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test determined normality of the data (α = 0.05). The results of a one-way ANOVA showed a significant effect on the specific growth rate [µ] in the presence of Lithium chloride (F = 132.8; F critical = 5, 12, α = 0.05 = 3.11). Bartlett`s test detected homogeneity of variances(α = 0.05). Dunnett`s test for comparison of the treatment groups with the control showed significant differences between the control and the effective concentrations of 50.0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L (α = 0.05).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In this 72-h algal growth inhibition test with Desmodesmus subspicatus the 72-h EC50 based on growth rate was determined as greater than 400 mg/L. The overall NOEC was determined to be 25 mg/L. The results are based on the nominal concentrations.
- Executive summary:
The effect of lithium chloride on the growth of an algal species Desmodesmus subspicatus over a 72 hour static exposure period was assessed according to OECD guideline 201. The test solutions were prepared in a dilution series from a stock solution of 100 mg/L of the test item in culture-medium for the range-finding test and from a stock solution of 400 mg/L of the test item in culture medium for the definitive test, respectively. The stock solutions and the corresponding dilutions were prepared using a mixing device (Ultra-Turrax, Janke & Kunkel; 8000 rpm, 2 minutes). The test solutions were clear at all test concentrations. The controls were kept in culture medium. Vessels including culture-medium (controls) and test solutions were kept under the same conditions as the test vessels for concentration analysis. AES-analysis confirmed that the test solutions were correctly dosed, i.e., the recoveries were within 91.9 to 98.2 % of the nominal concentrations at study start. At the end of the exposure, i.e., after 72 hours, the recoveries ranged from 92.4 to 97.8 % of the nominal concentrations demonstrating that the lithium concentrations were stable throughout the exposure period. Consequently, the results of the definitive test were based on nominal concentrations. In this 72-h algal growth inhibition test with Desmodesmus subspicatus
- the 72-h EC50 based on growth rate was determined as greater than 400 mg lithium chloride/L,
- the overall NOEC was determined to be 25 mg lithium chloride/L.
The results are based on the nominal concentrations.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The review includes summaries of a number of studies, performed to various guidelines
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- No details are reported
- Test temperature:
- No details are reported
- pH:
- No details are reported
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No details are reported
- Salinity:
- No details are reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No details are reported
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 123 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth inhibition
- Remarks on result:
- other: Selenastrum capricornutum (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Executive summary:
Camargo 2003 reviews the available data on the toxicity of sodium fluoride to algae species. Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), an EC50 value of 123 mg F/L was reported for the freshwater species Selenastrum capricornutum after chronic exposure of 96 hours.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The review includes summaries of a number of studies, performed to various guidelines.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Skeletonema costatum
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- No details are reported
- Test temperature:
- No details are reported
- pH:
- No details are reported
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No details are reported
- Salinity:
- No details are reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No details are reported
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 82 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- other: Growth inhibition
- Remarks on result:
- other: Skeletonema costatum (LeBlanc, 1984)
- Executive summary:
Camargo 2003 reviews the available data on the toxicity of sodium fluoride to algae species. Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), an 96h-EC50 value of 82 mg F/L for the seawater species, Skeletonema costatum, was reported.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The review includes summaries of a number of studies, performed to various guidelines
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- no data
- Test organisms (species):
- other: various algae species
- Details on test organisms:
- Algae species tested: Scenedesmus sp., Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (formerly known as Selenastrum capricornutum), Ankistridesmus braunii, Cyclotella menghiniana, Oscillatoria limnetica, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Stephanodiscus minutus, Synechococcus leopoldiensis, Scenedesmus quadricauda
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post observation period.
- Hardness:
- Unknown
- Test temperature:
- Not stated
- pH:
- Not stated
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not stated
- Salinity:
- Not stated
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- No further details on test conditions given in review.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 43 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Scenedesmus sp. (Slooff et al. 1988)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 122 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (LeBlanc 1984)
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Ankistridesmus braunii, Cyclotella menghiniana, Oscillatoria limnetica, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Stephanodiscus minutus, Synechococcus leopoldiensis (Janssen et al. 1989)
- Duration:
- 8 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 249 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Scenedesmus quadricauda (Bringmann & Kühn 1977)
- Details on results:
- The EC50 values for freshwater algae ranged from 43 to 122 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not relevant
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 values for freshwater algae ranged from 43 to 122 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The EU RAR reviews and summarizes the available data on the toxicity of sodium fluoride to freshwater algae species. The EC50 values (expressed in terms of fluoride ion, F-) for freshwater algae are reported to range from 43 to 122 mg F/L.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The review includes summaries of a number of studies, performed to various guidelines
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- No data
- Test organisms (species):
- other: various algae species
- Details on test organisms:
- Algae species tested: Skeletonema costatum, Amphidnium carteri, Chaetoceros gracilis, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Pvlova lutheri
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post observation period.
- Hardness:
- Unknown
- Test temperature:
- Not stated
- pH:
- Not stated
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not stated
- Salinity:
- Not stated
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- No further details on test conditions given in review.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 81 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Skeletonema costatum (marine alga) (LeBlanc 1984)
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 50 - <= 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: fluoride ion (F-)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: Amphidnium carteri, Chaetoceros gracilis, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Pvlova lutheri (marine algae) (Janssen et al. 1989); test duration: 14-21 d
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not relevant
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 value for the marine algae Skeletonema costatum was 81 mg/L after an exposure duration of 96 hours. NOEC values for other marine species were reported to be in the range between 50-200 mg/L, however the EU RAR states that these values should be used with caution due to the relatively long exposure time of 14 -21 days.
- Executive summary:
The EU RAR reviews and summarizes the available data on the toxicity of sodium fluoride to aquatic algae species. Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 value for the marine algae Skeletonema costatum was 81 mg F/L after an exposure duration of 96 hours and corresponds to a value of 110.6 mg LiF/L. NOEC values for other marine species were reported to be in the range between 50-200 mg F/L (68.27 to 273.08 mg LiF/L), however the EU RAR states that these values should be used with caution due to the relatively long exposure time of 14 -21 days.
Referenceopen allclose all
Concentration of the test item, cells/mL in the test flasks at 72 h, average specific growth rate [µ] over the whole testing period 0-72 h, mean value of the average specific growth rate [µ], standard deviation and coefficient of variation Vc [%], inhibition [%] and mean value of inhibition [%] of the average specific growth rate [µ] in the definitive test:
Concentration [mg/L] |
Cells / mL |
Average Specific growth rate [µ] |
Average Specific growth rate [µ] Mean value |
Standard deviation |
Coefficient of variation Vc [%] |
Inhibition of Average Specific growth rate [%] |
Inhibition of Average Specific growth rate Mean value [%] |
|
72 h |
0-72 h |
0-72 h |
0-72 h |
0-72 h |
0-72 h |
0-72 h |
Control 1 |
720000 |
1.66 |
1.66
|
0.01
|
0.90
|
|
|
Control 2 |
752000 |
1.67 |
|||||
Control 3 |
688000 |
1.64 |
|||||
25.0 |
720000 |
1.66 |
1.66
|
0.01
|
0.87
|
-0.01 |
-0.52 *
|
25.0 |
720000 |
1.66 |
-0.01 |
||||
25.0 |
776000 |
1.68 |
-1.52 |
||||
50.0 |
576000 |
1.58 |
1.56
|
0.02
|
1.26
|
4.48 |
5.65 **
|
50.0 |
544000 |
1.56 |
5.63 |
||||
50.0 |
512000 |
1.54 |
6.85 |
||||
100 |
288000 |
1.35 |
1.42
|
0.07
|
4.59
|
18.4 |
14.2 **
|
100 |
424000 |
1.48 |
10.6 |
||||
100 |
368000 |
1.43 |
13.5 |
||||
200 |
248000 |
1.30 |
1.28
|
0.03
|
2.64
|
21.4 |
22.6 **
|
200 |
248000 |
1.30 |
21.4 |
||||
200 |
208000 |
1.24 |
25.0 |
||||
400 |
144000 |
1.12 |
1.11
|
0.02
|
2.05
|
32.4 |
33.2 **
|
400 |
128000 |
1.08 |
34.8 |
||||
400 |
144000 |
1.12 |
32.4 |
* Remark: A negative inhibition value means an enhancement of the parameter.
** Significant difference compared to the control according to Dunnett`s test (p = 0.05).
Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), EC50 values for freshwater algae range from 43 to 122 mg/L, with NOEC values of 50 -249 mg/L.
Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 value for the marine algae Skeletonema costatum was 81 mg/L after an exposure duration of 96 hours. NOEC values for other marine species were reported to be in the range between 50-200 mg F/L, however the EU RAR states that these values should be used with caution due to the relatively long exposure time of 14 -21 days.
Description of key information
The EU-RAR (2001) reviews and summarizes the available data on the toxicity of sodium fluoride to freshwater and marine algae species. Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 values for freshwater algae are reported to range from 43 to 122 mg F-/L. Recalculations of these data for lithium fluoride, based on the molecular weight, resulted in a corresponding EC50 range of 58.71 to 166.58 mg LiF/L. The EC50 value for the marine algae Skeletonema costatum was 81 mg F-/L after an exposure duration of 96 hours and corresponds to a value of 110.6 mg LiF/L (EU-RAR 2001).
With regards to the long term toxicity a EC10 value of 80 mg/L was determined in a study according to OECD guideline 401 with the read-across source substance lithium chloride. Recalculations based on molecular weight result in a NOEC value of 48.95 mg/L for lithium fluoride.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 58.71 mg/L
- EC50 for marine water algae:
- 110.6 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 48.95 mg/L
Additional information
A toxicity study for aquatic algae and cyanobacteria with lithium fluoride is not available. Consequently, read across was applied using study results obtained from lithium chloride and sodium fluoride.
Read-across with lithium chloride
(Steinbeis-Transferzentrum 2012)
The effect of lithium chloride on the growth
of an algal species Desmodesmus subspicatus over a 72 hour static
exposure period was assessed according to OECD guideline 201. The algae
species were exposed to 0, 25.0 mg/L, 50.0 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400
mg/L of the test item. AES-analysis confirmed that the test solutions
were correctly dosed, i.e., the recoveries were within 91.9 to 98.2 % of
the nominal concentrations at study start. At the end of the exposure,
i.e., after 72 hours, the recoveries ranged from 92.4 to 97.8 % of the
nominal concentrations demonstrating that the lithium concentrations
were stable throughout the exposure period. Consequently, the results of
the definitive test were based on nominal concentrations. In this 72-h
algal growth inhibition test with Desmodesmus subspicatus - the 72-h
EC50 based on growth rate was determined as greater than 400 mg LiCl/L,
- the overall NOEC was determined to be 25 mg LiCl/L. Based on these
data, the recalculated LC50 for lithium fluoride is greater than 244.77
mg/L and the NOEC value is 15.3 mg LiF/L.
Read across with sodium fluoride (EU-RAR 2001, Camargo 2003)
The EU-RAR (2001) reviews and summarizes the available data on the
toxicity of sodium fluoride to freshwater and marine algae species.
Expressed in terms of fluoride ion (F-), the EC50 values for freshwater
algae are reported to range from 43 to 122 mg F-/L. Recalculations of
these data for lithium fluoride, based on the molecular weight, resulted
in a corresponding EC50 range of 58.71 to 166.58 mg LiF/L.
The EC50 value for the marine algae
Skeletonema costatum was 81 mg F-/L after an exposure duration of 96
hours and corresponds to a value of 110.6 mg LiF/L. NOEC values for
other marine species were reported to be in the range between 50-200 mg
F-/L (68.27 to 273.08 mg LiF/L), however the EU-RAR states that these
values should be used with caution due to the relatively long exposure
time of 14 -21 days.
The review paper Camargo (2003) also summarizes the toxic effects of sodium fluoride to algae species. The results are expressed in the terms of fluoride ion (F-). In this paper EC50 values of 123 mg F-/L and 82 mg F-/L after 96 hours of exposure were reported for the freshwater species Selenastrum capricornutum and the marine species Skeletonema costatum, respectively. Based on the molecular weight, the recalculated EC50 values for lithium fluoride are 167.95 mg/L for Selenastrum capricornutum and 111.96 mg/L for Skeletonema costatum.
Conclusion:
Results of the aquatic algae toxicity tests in marine and freshwater are available for different species. Based on a worst case approach the EC50 of 58.71 mg/L will be used for fresh water species and an EC50 of 110.6 mg/L for marine water species.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.